320 research outputs found
Growth and emigration of white shimp, Litopenaeus vannamei, in the Mar Muerto Lagoon, Southern Mexico
Microcohorts of white shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei, were sampled with a cast net at fortnightly intervals in the Mar Muerto Lagoon, Southern Mexico. Shrimp recruited to the lagoon throughout the sampling period (January to August 1993). Mean growth rates of microcohorts ranged from 0.21 to 1.21 mm total length (TL) per day. Juvenile shrimp mainly between the sizes of 70 to 80 mm TL emigrated from the lagoon. Growth and the onset of emigration appeared to be related to water salinity
PILOT APPRAISAL OF VARIABLES AMONG MEXICAN-AMERICANS FOR SOCIAL NETWORKS ANALYSIS
poster abstractHispanics in the USA often suffer poor oral health. More appropriate solutions may be designed if we move beyond the simplistic interpretation of poor oral outcomes being associated with 1-2 variables, e.g., language; such an approach has failed to provide consistent interpretations, and offers no points for intervention. We propose to examine a constellation of variables interwoven into multilevel strategies under a new(er) paradigm, social network theories (http://cmol.nbi.dk/models/infoflow/infoflow.html). Objectives: To qualitatively identify domains of variables modulating oral health outcomes among 1st-2nd generation MexicanAmerican immigrants. Methods: Through key informant interviews, we ascertained KAB variables in immigrant families originating in Jalisco, Mexico. This community has had a strong, revolving presence for decades in a well-delimited location in Indianapolis, IN, around St. Patrick’s parish. We did not conduct clinical exams but used questions from American national surveys to document health perceptions, availability of dental services/insurance, presence of dental pain and impaired function in adults and children, and family structure and sociodemographic profiles during a Catholic festival (no incentives, no appointments). Data were content-analyzed. Results: Data were collected from 22 parent-child dyads (15 female adults, 7 male; mean age 24±6.3yrs; data from the oldest child and the interviewee). Frequencies of dental emergencies and acute problems varied markedly, with recurrence patterns. A minority exhibited consistent dental attendance, often enabled by public/private dental insurance. Time in the USA varied considerably, with 1st and 2nd generation immigrant parents and children sharing the household. Occupations ranged from manual to clerical, and education from elementary to college among adults. Conclusion: Interviews were feasible and acceptable, and the experience informed future fieldwork considerations. We are using the variables to design a social networks study to characterize the evolution of patterns between families in Indianapolis and among peers living in Jalisco, aiming to measure impacts ascribable to immigration along acculturation spectra
Abordaje transvasto mÃnimamente invasivo versus abordaje parapatelar medial convencional en la artroplastia total de rodilla en pacientes con gonartrosis: estudio prospectivo comparativo no randomizado
Objetivos: valorar y comparar los resultados a corto plazo de la artroplastia total de rodilla realizada
mediante dos vÃas de abordaje. Material y métodos: estudio prospectivo comparativo que compara abordaje
parapatelar medial (24 pacientes) y transvasto mÃnimamente invasivo (25 pacientes) en artroplastia total de rodilla.
Se incluyeron pacientes con gonartrosis grado IV de la clasificación de Kellgren-Lawrence y se excluyeron
aquellos menores de 50 años, deformidad en varo (> 15º) o valgo (> 10º), artrosis postraumática, artritis reumatoide,
cirugÃas de revisión, osteotomÃas correctoras previas, IMC > 40 kg/m2, infección activa local o sistémica
y/o deterioro mental. Resultados: se encontraron diferencias estadÃsticamente significativas en dolor del primer y
segundo dÃa postoperatorios a favor del abordaje mÃnimamente invasivo (1º dÃa: 3,8 ± 2,5 vs. 6,7 ± 2,1; p< 0,001.
2º dÃa: 3 ± 2,1 vs. 6 ± 2; p< 0,001). Conclusiones: no existen diferencias relevantes entre ambos abordajes, por lo
que se recomienda la utilización del abordaje con el que el cirujano se encuentre más cómodo y familiarizadoAim: Assess and compare short-term outcomes of total knee arthroplasty performed using two
surgical approaches. Material and methods: a prospective study with 49 patients comparing medial parapatellar
approach (24 patients) and minimally invasive trans-vastus access (25 patients) in total knee replacement.
The patients included suffered knee osteoarthritis grade IV the Kellgren-Lawrence’s classification. Exclusion
criteria were age under 50 years, large axial deformity (varus deformity > 15° or valgus > 10°), posttraumatic
osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, revision surgeries, previous osteotomies, BMI> 40 kg/m2 and of course local
or systemic active infection and mental impairment. Results: statistically significant differences were found for
pain in first and second postoperative days for the minimally invasive approach (1st day: 3.8 ± 2.5 vs. 6.7 ± 2.1; p
<0.001. 2nd day: 3 ± 2.1 vs. 6 ± 2; p <0.001). Conclusions: there are not significant differences between mini and
standard approaches in knee replacement, so decision about which access to use in knee reconstruction surgery
depends on surgeon’s preferences
Fractura de Maisonneuve abierta: una entidad infrecuente: a propósito de un caso y revisión de la literatura
Introducción. La fractura de Maisonneuve representa aproximadamente el 5% de todas las fracturas
de tobillo tratadas quirúrgicamente. Debido a que suelen ser fracturas cerradas, presentamos el caso de una
fractura de Maisonneuve abierta por su infrecuencia. Caso ClÃnico. Varón de 63 años que acudió a urgencias
tras traumatismo de miembro inferior derecho. En la exploración se evidenció una solución de continuidad de la
piel en cara medial de tobillo con exposición de maléolo tibial. La radiografÃa mostró una apertura de la mortaja
tibio-peronea y una fractura espiroidea en el tercio proximal del peroné. Se realizó osteosÃntesis con dos tornillos
canulados. Tras 12 meses de seguimiento, el paciente presenta una puntuación media de 86,8 puntos en la escala
AOFAS. Conclusión. Ante una luxación abierta de tobillo, debe sospecharse una fractura de Maisonneuve aunque
sea poco frecuente, siendo la osteosÃntesis una opción terapéutica eficaz en este tipo de fracturas.Introduction. Maisonneuve fracture represents approximately 5% of all surgically treated ankle
fractures. Because these fractures are usually closed, we present the case of a Maisonneuve open fracture owing
to its rarity. Case report. A 63-year-old man presented to his emergency department after a right leg trauma.
Physical examination revealed a skin solution of continuity above the ankle joint, with a medial tibial malleolus
exposure. The radiography showed an opening of the tibiofibular mortise and a spiral fracture of the proximal
third of the fibula. Fixation with two cannulated screws was performed. After 12 months of follow up, the patient
has an average score of 86.8 points on the AOFAS scale. Conclusion. In the face of an open ankle dislocation, a
Maisonneuve open fracture should be suspected in spite of its infrequency, being the osteosynthesis an effective
therapeutic option in this type of fracture
Bipolar querying of valid-time intervals subject to uncertainty
Databases model parts of reality by containing data representing properties of real-world objects or concepts. Often, some of these properties are time-related. Thus, databases often contain data representing time-related information. However, as they may be produced by humans, such data or information may contain imperfections like uncertainties. An important purpose of databases is to allow their data to be queried, to allow access to the information these data represent. Users may do this using queries, in which they describe their preferences concerning the data they are (not) interested in. Because users may have both positive and negative such preferences, they may want to query databases in a bipolar way. Such preferences may also have a temporal nature, but, traditionally, temporal query conditions are handled specifically. In this paper, a novel technique is presented to query a valid-time relation containing uncertain valid-time data in a bipolar way, which allows the query to have a single bipolar temporal query condition
Microgravity simulation by diamagnetic levitation: effects of a strong gradient magnetic field on the transcriptional profile of Drosophila melanogaster
<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Many biological systems respond to the presence or absence of gravity. Since experiments performed in space are expensive and can only be undertaken infrequently, Earth-based simulation techniques are used to investigate the biological response to weightlessness. A high gradient magnetic field can be used to levitate a biological organism so that its net weight is zero.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>We have used a superconducting magnet to assess the effect of diamagnetic levitation on the fruit fly <it>D. melanogaster </it>in levitation experiments that proceeded for up to 22 consecutive days. We have compared the results with those of similar experiments performed in another paradigm for microgravity simulation, the Random Positioning Machine (RPM). We observed a delay in the development of the fruit flies from embryo to adult. Microarray analysis indicated changes in overall gene expression of imagoes that developed from larvae under diamagnetic levitation, and also under simulated hypergravity conditions. Significant changes were observed in the expression of immune-, stress-, and temperature-response genes. For example, several heat shock proteins were affected. We also found that a strong magnetic field, of 16.5 Tesla, had a significant effect on the expression of these genes, independent of the effects associated with magnetically-induced levitation and hypergravity.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>Diamagnetic levitation can be used to simulate an altered effective gravity environment in which gene expression is tuned differentially in diverse <it>Drosophila melanogaster </it>populations including those of different age and gender. Exposure to the magnetic field <it>per se </it>induced similar, but weaker, changes in gene expression.</p
Microgravity simulation by diamagnetic levitation: effects of a strong gradient magnetic field on the transcriptional profile of Drosophila melanogaster
Aspects of leaf anatomy of kudzu (Pueraria lobata, Leguminosae-Faboideae) related to water and energy balance
The Committed Intimate Partnerships of Incarcerated African-American Men: Implications for Sexual HIV Transmission Risk and Prevention Opportunities
Incarceration is thought to influence HIV transmission by disrupting partnerships that provide support and protect against sex risk-taking. Current correctional facility-based family-strengthening programs focus on marital partnerships, a minority of inmates’ partnerships. Research on the sex partnerships of incarcerated African-American men and the types of partnerships most likely to protect against HIV-related sex risk is limited. Improved understanding can inform expansion of correctional facility-based family-strengthening programs to a greater proportion of protective partnerships and HIV risk reduction programs to partnerships vulnerable to sex risk. Project DISRUPT is a cohort study of African-American men being released from prison in North Carolina who were in committed heterosexual partnerships at prison entry. Using baseline survey data (N = 189), we conducted latent class analysis (LCA) to identify subgroups of participants with distinct relationship profiles and measured associations between relationship characteristics and multiple partnerships of inmates and their partners in the six months before incarceration. LCA indicated a two-class solution, with relationships distinguished by satisfaction/stability (satisfied/stable class: 58.0%; dissatisfied/unstable class: 42.0%); each class had comparable relationship length and levels of marriage and cohabitation. Dissatisfied/unstable relationships were associated with multiple partnerships among participants (AOR 2.93, 95% CI 1.50, 5.72) and partners (AOR 4.95, 95% CI 1.68, 14.58). Satisfaction indicators—versus length, marriage, or cohabitation—were the strongest independent correlates of inmates’ and partners’ multiple partnerships. Pre-incarceration economic deprivation, mental disorder symptoms, substance use, and violence in relationships were associated with dissatisfaction/instability. Prison-based programs designed to maintain healthy partnerships, strengthen relationship skills, and reduce HIV risk-taking and violence in relationships are warranted and should be targeted to both marital and nonmarital partnerships. Programming also should address the poverty, mental illness, and substance use factors that threaten relationship satisfaction/stability and increase HIV risk
Heterogeneity of elemental composition and natural abundance of stables isotopes of C and N in soils and leaves of mangroves at their southernmost West Atlantic range
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