Solidification at the high and low rate extreme

The microstructure selection at both high and low growth rates is studied. For the high rate extreme, melt spinning of a Fe-Si-B alloy is employed. The microstructural variations with changing wheel speed and factors affecting these variations are examined through various characterization techniques. Particular attention was given for the influence of melt pool behavior on the competition between nucleation of crystalline solidification products and glass formation. It is found that there exists a window of wheel speeds which give rise to a stable melt-pool and production of amorphous ribbons. The surface-controlled melt-pool oscillation is found as the dominant factor governing the onset of unsteady thermal conditions accompanied by varying amounts of crystalline nucleation observed near the lower wheel speed limit. For the upper wheel speed limit, a criterion based on mass-balance and momentum transfer is developed for predicting the window of wheel speeds for obtaining uniform and fully amorphous ribbons. For the low rate extreme, solidification and morphological selection of the faceted silicon phase is investigated in a near eutectic Al-Si system by utilizing a Bridgman type directional solidification unit. Particularly, the role of certain defect mechanisms namely, twinning, in the selection of microstructure and growth crystallography is investigated. At the imposed growth rates of 0.5 and 1 micron/s and temperature gradient of 7.5 K/mm, a unique silicon morphology consisting of 8-pointed stars is observed to grow with \u3c001\u3e texture within continuous domains across the sample. The growth crystallography of this unique silicon structure is characterized and it is found that substantial amount of 210 type twinning exists within the central core of this star-shaped morphology. It is found that the twinning phenomenon at the core is an essential feature for branching, morphological selection and adjustment of spacing between the star-like silicon features. These mechanisms and the associated growth characteristics are examined in detail

La alternancia y cercanía de domicilios de los progenitores como criterio de atribución de la custodia compartida: comentario a la STS núm. 495/2013, de 9 de julio (EDJ 2013, 149996)

La cercanía de los domicilios de ambos progenitores y la alternancia de los menores en el domicilio del progenitor no custodio en régimen de visitas amplio son parámetros imprescindibles a considerar para determinar el régimen de custodia compartida, por asegurar el adecuado desarrollo evolutivo, la estabilidad emocional y la formación integral del menor; así como por favorecer un modelo de convivencia similar al anterior a la ruptura matrimonial garantizando a los progenitores la corresponsabilidad en términos de igualdad de condiciones en el desarrollo y crecimiento de sus hijos.The nearness of both progenitors place of residence and the alternation of the minor in the non-custodian progenitor place of residence in visits regime are essential factors to take in consideration to determine the regime of shared custody, to assure correct evolutive development, emotional stability and integral formation of the minor; and to promote a model of coexistance similar to the one previous to the matrimonial break up, guaranteeing the corresponsability in terms of conditions equality in the development and growth of the kids

La cuantificación y distribución de la pensión alimenticia en el régimen de custodia compartida

La pensión alimenticia en la custodia compartida no está regulada en nuestro ordenamiento jurídico, de tal forma que no encontramos reglas precisas para su cuantificación y distribución entre los progenitores del menor. Estos cauces de solución de conflictos deben encontrarse en los acuerdos entre progenitores, la doctrina de los autores y de los Tribunales de justiciaAlimony in joint custody is not regulated in our legal system, so that we do not find precise rules for its quantification and distribution between the child's parents. Those channels of dispute resolution must be found in agreements between parents, the doctrine of the authors and the courts of Justic

Drogodependencia y custodia compartida: ¿un maridaje conveniente?

El presente estudio pretende esbozar las líneas básicas de la interrelación entre drogodependencia y custodia compartida, a los efectos de verificar en qué medida se trata de realidades antagónicas o por el contrario pueden armonizarse si interaccionan bajo unos cánones determinados. A tal efecto se parte de los criterios legales y jurisprudenciales de atribución de la custodia compartida, para desgranar qué lugar o visibilidad cobra en ellos la patología de la drogadicción y la posible interacción de estas dos realidades que a simple vista parecen estar llamadas a no entenderse. Se incide en los efectos que la drogodependencia tiene en el ámbito de la patria potestad y de la guarda y custodia, particularmente de la que se identifica como compartida.This study aims to outline the basic lines of the relationship between drug addiction and joint custody in order to verify to what extent these represent conflicting realities or can otherwise be harmonised if they interact under certain canons. To this end, the starting point of the analysis will be the legal and judicial criteria for assigning joint custody, to then find out which place or visibility the pathology of drug addiction adopts in these and the possible interaction of these two realities that at first glance seem fated not to fit together. Attention is drawn to the effects that drug addiction has in the field of parental authority and custody, particularly in the type identified as joint

Preparation and characterization of EVA/Cu nanoparticles nanocomposite materials for potential electrical applications

Main objective of this work is the preparation and characterization of polymer nanocomposites with potential electric properties. Nanocomposites are based in Ethylene-vinyl acetate (EVA) with copper (Cu) nanoparticles. Materials are prepared using Solution Blow Spinning. This fabrication process is an innovative method to produce micro- and nanofibers, which are woven forming a mat. It consists in targeting a rotating collector with polymer-nanoparticles composite solution using an air-brush. The different techniques are employed to study the properties of these materials. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis will provide structural information. Thermal properties are determined by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) represents the sample morphology. Finally, electrical properties of the samples were studied undergoing an impedance spectroscopy (IS). These analyses were run for the different concentrations of Cu nanoparticles established (0%, 2% and 5% wt). The addiction of Cu nanoparticles showed no change in structure of the nanocomposites according to the results obtained in FTIR analysis. Analysis done by DSC didn’t show variations in thermograms between different concentrations of Cu nanoparticles, moreover the inclusion of them help slightly to improve the thermal resistance shown by TGA analysis. The treatment of SEM images presented, fibers with a diameter in the order of nanometers and a great dispersion of Cu nanoparticles was achieved. To conclude, IS analysis showed a reduction on the impedance (Z) if the percentage in weight of Cu nanoparticles increases and thus greater capacitances were found. Moreover, percolation threshold was not reached, opening a path of improvement.Ingeniería de la Energí

La custodia compartida como régimen más favorable al interés del menor. Comentario a la STS núm. 758/2013, de 25 de noviembre (RJ 2013, 7873).

La custodia compartida debe ser considerada en la actualidad como un régimen normal y no excepcional por cuanto que fomenta la integración del menor con ambos progenitores, estimula la cooperación de éstos en beneficio del menor, evita en el menor el sentimiento de pérdida afectiva y salva los desequilibrios en los tiempos de estancia y acompañamiento del menor.Shared custody should be considered nowadays as a normal regime and not an exceptional one, because it promotes the chids' integration with both parents, it estimulates their cooperation in favour of the child, avoids in the child the appearance of the feeling of effective loss and also, avoids instability in stance time and in accompainment time with the child

Producción de metanol por hidrogenación de CO2 mediante rectificación reactiva

Treballs Finals de Màster d'Enginyeria Química, Facultat de Química, Universitat de Barcelona. Curs: 2021-2022. Tutors: Jordi Bonet i Ruiz, Alexandra Elena PlesuMethanol is a very versatile product that can be found in a large number of industrial applications such as it’s use as a solvent or as a raw material for the synthesis of methyl ether, methylamine, etc. Due to the current environmental situation, many research projects are starting to focus on the reduction of greenhouse gases pollution, which directly affects fossil fuels and certain industries that have a large CO2 stream as their major waste (cement plants, thermal power plants, etc.). One of the most studied projects nowadays is the synthesis of carbon-based fuels using CO2 as raw material, which could be used to store the surplus energy obtained from renewable sources in chemical products, to be reused later on. This method has great advantages since with renewable energy and a carbon source (such as CO2) "green" fuels could be produced and these could be easily transported with current logistics and used by many facilities, due to their similarity to fossil fuels. One of the carbon-based fuels with the greatest potential is methanol due to its high energy density. Currently there are several plants producing methanol from CO2 and hydrogen, but they are still too unprofitable to be implemented worldwide. This project studies an intensified process, the reactive distillation process, as an alternative to the current methanol synthesis process to make it more cost effective and efficient. Reactive distillation is an intensified process which allows to reduce the number of equipment required to carry out a process, since several unit operations take place simultaneously inside the column. As it is a process that has not been studied yet, in this project a model has been proposed (simulated using Aspen plus technology) and different points have been evaluated: - Proposal for the process using assumptions and calculation bases. - Process parameters: column reflux, total distillation column stages, feed stages and product obtained by column bottom-head flow stream. - Improvement proposals for the process studied: equipment adjacent to the main column. The different stages of the whole process have been simulated with the ASPEN program and it has been demonstrated that this initial study opens the possibility for future studies since the results are optimistic for the viability of the project in the industrial fiel

GEOLOGI DAN STRUKTUR GEOLOGI DAERAH KROBOKAN DAN SEKITARNYA, KECAMATAN JUWANGI, KABUPATEN BOYOLALI, JAWA TENGAH

Sari - Daerah penelitian yang terletak pada Kecamatan Juwangi, Kabupaten Boyolali, Provinsi Jawa Tengah terbagi menjadi 2 satuan bentuk asal dan 4 satuan bentuk lahan. Bentuk asal struktural yang terdiri dari perbukitanhomoklin, perbukitan sinklin, dan lembah antikklin serta bentuk asal fluvial yang terdiri dari dataran alluvial. Polapengaliran yang berkembang pada daerah penelitian adalah subdendritik, subparalel, dan rectangular, dengan tipegenetic subsekuen, resekuen, dan obsekuen. Stratigrafi daerah penelitian terdiri dari 3 satuan batuan dari tua ke muda:satuan batupasir Kerek, satuan batupasir Banyak dan endapan aluvial. Lingkungan pengendapan daerah penelitianmeliputi Kipas bawah laut bagian tengah hingga bawah, pada kedalaman batial bawah dan paparan tengah – luar padakedalaman neritik tengah hingga luar. Struktur Geologi pada daerah penelitian terdiri dari sesar naik, sesar mendatarkiri, dan lipatan yang berkembang pada zona foreland akibat tektonik kompresi dengan tegasan berarah utara – selatanpada kala Plio-Plistosen. Pada daerah penelitian terdapat potensi positif berupa penambangan batu kali dan potensinegatif berupa gerakan massaKata – kata kunci : foreland, kompresi, sesar.

Study of Transcriptional Regulatory Network Controlling Strawberry Fruit Ripening and Quality

Ponencia invitadaRipening is a critical step for the development of flavor quality in fruits. This character has significantly declined in many fleshy fruits over recent decades. This is particularly significant in strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa), where current cultivars are derived from a narrow germplasm collection. Improving fruit quality requires two important breakthroughs: 1) a precise understanding of the fruit ripening process that will allow the targeting of relevant genes, and 2) the identification of novel alleles responsible for fruit quality traits. In our project, we aim at the identification and characterization of key transcription factors involved in fruit ripening regulation and their target genes, in order to infer the Gene Regulatory Network controlling this process. Also, we are using a collection of around two hundred wild strawberry (Fragaria vesca) accessions to identify loci involved in important traits such as aroma, size or resistance to pathogens. Finally, we are implementing the use of the genome-editing tool CRISPR/Cas9 in the cultivated strawberry, which we expect it might open opportunities for engineering this species to improve traits of economic importance.Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech

Joining of steel to aluminium alloys for advanced structural applications

When joining steel to aluminium there is a reaction between iron and aluminium which results in the formation of brittle intermetallic compounds (IMC). These compounds are usually the reason for the poor mechanical strength of the dissimilar metallic joints. The research on dissimilar metal joining is vast but is mainly focused on the automotive industry and therefore, the material in use is very thin, usually less than 1 mm. For materials with thicker sections the present solution is a transition joint made by explosion welding which permits joining of steel to aluminium and avoids the formation of IMCs. However, this solution brings additional costs and extra processing time to join the materials. The main goals of this project are to understand the mechanism of formation of the IMCs, control the formation of the IMCs, and understand their effects on the mechanical properties of the dissimilar Fe-Al joints during laser welding. Laser welding permits accurate and precise control of the welding thermal cycle and thereby the underpinning mechanism of IMC formation can be easily understood along with the factors which control the strength of the joints. The further goal of this project is to find an appropriate interlayer to restrict the Fe-Al reaction. The first stage of the work was focused on the formation and growth of the Fe-Al IMCs during laser welding. The understanding of how the processing conditions affect the IMC growth provides an opportunity to act and avoid its formation and thereby, to optimize the strength of the dissimilar metal joints. The results showed that even with a negligible amount of energy it was not possible to prevent the IMC formation which was composed of both Fe2Al5 and FeAl3 phases. The IMC growth increases exponentially with the applied specific point energy. However, for higher power densities the growth is more accentuated. The strength of the Fe-Al lap-joints was found to be not only dependent on the IMC layer thickness but also on the bonding area. In order to obtain sound joints it is necessary to achieve a balance between these two factors. The thermal model developed for the laser welding process in this joint configuration showed that for the same level of energy it is more efficient to use higher power densities than longer interaction iv times. Even though a thicker IMC layer is formed under this condition due to higher temperature there is also more melting of aluminium which creates a larger bonding area between the steel and the aluminium. The joint strength is thus improved ... [cont.]