261 research outputs found
Crops in the woolbelt : current options and emerging prospects
It has traditionally been more profitable to grow sheep for wool in the medium rainfall parts of the south-west of Western Australia than to grow crops . Crop production has been difficult owing to the hilly terrain, the frequency of waterlogging, the high incidence of damaging frosts in some areas, the frequency of losses from diseases, difficulties with wet weather at harvest, and a lack of adapted crop varieties.
Advances over the past decade have made cropping on a limited scale potentially profitable in the woo/belt.
This article is intended to bring the various options for crop production to the attention of wool growers. Further detailed information will be required for successful production and is available from your local office of the Department of Agriculture
<i>In vivo</i> gene silencing following non-invasive siRNA delivery into the skin using a novel topical formulation
AbstractTherapeutics based on short interfering RNAs (siRNAs), which act by inhibiting the expression of target transcripts, represent a novel class of potent and highly specific next-generation treatments for human skin diseases. Unfortunately, the intrinsic barrier properties of the skin combined with the large size and negative charge of siRNAs make epidermal delivery of these macromolecules quite challenging. To help evaluate the in vivo activity of these therapeutics and refine delivery strategies we generated an innovative reporter mouse model that predominantly expresses firefly luciferase (luc2p) in the paw epidermis — the region of murine epidermis that most closely models the tissue architecture of human skin. Combining this animal model with state-of-the-art live animal imaging techniques, we have developed a real-time in vivo analysis work-flow that has allowed us to compare and contrast the efficacies of a wide range nucleic acid-based gene silencing reagents in the skin of live animals. While inhibition was achieved with all of the reagents tested, only the commercially available “self-delivery” modified Accell-siRNAs (Dharmacon) produced potent and sustained in vivo gene silencing. Together, these findings highlight just how informative reliable reporter mouse models can be when assessing novel therapeutics in vivo. Using this work-flow, we developed a novel clinically-relevant topical formulation that facilitates non-invasive epidermal delivery of unmodified and “self-delivery” siRNAs. Remarkably, a sustained >40% luc2p inhibition was observed after two 1-hour treatments with Accell-siRNAs in our topical formulation. Importantly, our ability to successfully deliver siRNA molecules topically brings these novel RNAi-based therapeutics one-step closer to clinical use
Effect of aspirin on cancer incidence and mortality in older adults.
BACKGROUND: ASPirin in Reducing Events in the Elderly (ASPREE), a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial (RCT) of daily low-dose aspirin (100 mg) in older adults, showed an increase in all-cause mortality, primarily due to cancer. In contrast prior RCTs, mainly involving younger individuals, demonstrated a delayed cancer benefit with aspirin. We now report a detailed analysis of cancer incidence and mortality. METHODS: 19,114 Australian and U.S. community-dwelling participants aged 70+ years (U.S. minorities 65+ years) without cardiovascular disease, dementia or physical disability were randomized and followed for a median of 4.7 years. Fatal and non-fatal cancer events, a prespecified secondary endpoint, were adjudicated based on clinical records. RESULTS: 981 cancer events occurred in the aspirin and 952 in the placebo groups. There was no statistically significant difference between groups for all incident cancers (HR = 1.04, 95% CI = 0.95 to 1.14), hematological cancer (HR = 0.98, 95% CI = 0.73 to 1.30), or all solid cancers (HR = 1.05, 95% CI = 0.95 to 1.15), including by specific tumor type. However, aspirin was associated with an increased risk of incident cancer that had metastasized (HR = 1.19, 95% CI = 1.00 to 1.43) or was stage 4 at diagnosis (HR = 1.22, 95% CI = 1.02 to 1.45), and with higher risk of death for cancers that presented at stages 3 (HR = 2.11, 95% CI = 1.03 to 4.33) or 4 (HR = 1.31, 95% CI = 1.04 to 1.64). CONCLUSIONS: In older adults, aspirin treatment had an adverse effect on later stages of cancer evolution. These findings suggest that in older persons, aspirin may accelerate the progression of cancer and thus, suggest caution with its use in this age group
Crop Updates 2000 Cereals - part 4
This session covers twelve papers from different authors:
BREEDING
1.Response to subsoil acidity of wheat genotypes differing in Al-tolerance, C. Tang, Z. Rengel, E. Diatloff and B. McGann, Soil Science and Plant Nutrition/CLIMA, University of Western Australia
2. Application of molecular markers in Barley Improvement, Mehmet Cakir1, Nick Galwey1 and David Poulsen2, 1Plant Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Western Australia, 2Queensland Department of Primary Industries, Hermitage Research Station, Queensland
3. Implementation of molecular markers for wheat improvement in the Western Region, M. Carter1, A. Briney1, R. Wilson2, R.H. Potter1 and M.G.K. Jones1, 1Western Australian State Agricultural Biotechnology Centre, Murdoch University, 2Crop Industries, Agriculture Western Australia
4. Performance in 1999 of recently released wheat varieties in Western Australia, Robin Wilson, Iain Barclay, Robyn McLean, Dean Diepeveen and Robert Loughman, Agriculture Western Australia
ECONOMICS
5. Outlook for prices and implications for rotations, Ross Kingwell1 2, Michael O’Connell1, Simone Blennerhasset1 1Agriculture Western Australia, 2University of Western Australia
6. Price Risk Management and the Western Australian Grain Producer, Benjamin Michael Tiller, Muresk Institute of Agriculture
FORECASTING
7. Can we forecast wheat yields in Western Australia, Senthold Asseng1, Holger Meinke2, and Bill Bowden3, 1CSIRO Plant Industry, 2 APSRU/DPI, 3Agriculture Western Australia
ON FARM TESTING
8. On-farm testing, the quiet revolution continues, Jeff Russell1, Ivan Lee2 1Agriculture Western Australia, 2 Farmer Kunjin TopCrop group, Corrigin
GRAIN STORAGE
9. CD-ROM tool for growers and advisers: Managing on-farm grain storage – effective practices for the delivery of quality assured products, Clare Johnson1, Chris Newman2 1Quality Wheat CRC Ltd, 2Production Resource Protection Services, Agriculture Western Australia
10. The Internet as a tool for managing grain insects, Robert Emery, Romolo Tassone and Ernestos Kostas, Agriculture Western Australia
SUMMER CROPS AND WINDBREAK EFFECT ON YIELD
11. Summer crop Update and agronomic considerations, Graeme Ralph, Pioneer Hi-Bred Australia Pty Ltd
12. The effect of tree windbreaks on grain yield in the medium and low rainfall areas in Western Australia, Robert Sudmeyer, David Hall and Harvey Jones, Agriculture Western Australi
Crop Updates 2003 - Geraldton
This session covers twenty eight papers from different authors
Seasonal Outlook: What is in store for 2003, David Stephens, Department of Agriculture
Examining The Management Options For Wheat Crops In The Coming Season, James Fisher, Department of Agriculture
GMO’s – what do they offer? Ian Edwards, Grain Bio Tech Australia Pty Ltd
The Big Gamble – Wheat prices for 2003, Dennis Wise, Profarmer
Market outlook for other grains, Andrew Young, General Manager Agricorp
Stripe rust – where to now for the WA wheat industry? Robert Loughman, Ciara Beard and Greg Shea, Department of Agriculture
Baudin and Hamlin – new generation of malting barley developed in Western Australia, Blakely Paynter, Roslyn Jettner and Kevin Young, Department of Agriculture
DBM in Canola, Kevin Walden, Department of Agriculture
The latest on Lupin diseases, Geoff Thomas, Department of Agriculture
Wheat variety performance in 2002 compared to the long term, Robin Wilson, Iain Barclay, Robyn McLean, Robert Loughman, Jenny Garlinge, Bill Lambe, Neil Venn and Peter Clarke, Department of Agriculture
Do wide rows drought proof lupins on red loam? Martin Harries, Bob French, Wayne Parker and Murray Blyth, Department of Agriculture
Do wide rows drought proof lupins on a sandy loam? Martin Harries, Bob French, Wayne Parker and Murray Blyth, Department of Agriculture
Profit Proving Precision Agriculture, Peter Norris, Agronomy For Profit, Greg Lyle, CSIRO Land and Water, Yuna Farm Improvement Group
Annual ryegrass seedbanks: the good, the bad, and the ugly, Kathryn Steadman, University of Western Australia, Amander Ellery, CSIRO Plant Industry, Sally C Peltzer, Department of Agriculture
Wheat management packages for low rainfall areas, Kari-Lee Falconer, Department of Agriculture
Ground water 1. Atrazine, Russell Speed, Department of Agriculture
Groundwater 2. Current Trends, Russell Speed, Department of Agriculture
Herbicide tolerance of wheat, lupins and pastures, Terry Piper and Harmohinder Dhammu, Department of Agriculture
Farming with Tramlines, Bindi Webb, Paul Blackwell, Department of Agriculture, Phil Logue, Binnu, Nigel Moffat, Geraldton, Rohan Ford, Binnu, Miles Obst, Mingenew,
The role of green manure crops in renovating poor performing paddocks: What’s it worth? Frances Hoyle, Leanne Schulz and Judith Devenish Department of Agriculture
The looming threat of wild radish, Peter Newman, Department of Agriculture
Does one ‘size’ fit all? Grant Morrow, Syngenta Crop Protection
Climate Forecasts on the Internet, Ian Foster and David Stephens, Department of Agriculture
Moisture delving = more reliable lupin establishment, Paul Blackwell, and Wayne Parker, Department of Agriculture
Tramline Designs for better Weed control and Wheat value from non-spraying tramlines in a dry season, Paul Blackwell, Bindi Webb and Darshan Sharma, Department of Agriculture
Biserrula Grazing Trial, Marnie Thomas, Department of Agriculture
Performance of IT and TT canola varieties in the medium and high rainfall agzones of W.A., 2001-02, Graham Walton, Hasan Zaheer and Paul Carmody, Department of Agriculture
Rapid Catchment Appraisal in Northern Agricultural Region, Mike Clarke, Paul Raper, Department of Agricultur
Crop Updates 2002 - Geraldton
This session covers twenty seven papers from different authors:
1. Taking the Why out of Wyalkatchem – the new widely adapted wheat variety, Steve Penny Jr, Department of Agriculture
2. Future wheat varieties, Robin Wilson, Iain Barclay,Robyn McLean, Robert Loughman, Jenny Garlinge, Bill Lambe, Neil Venn and Peter Clarke
Department of Agriculture
3. Maximising wheat variety performance through agronomic management, Wal Anderson, Raffaele Del Cima, James Bee, Darshan Sharma, Sheena Lyon, Melaine Kupsch, Mohammad Amjad, Pam Burgess, Veronika Reck, Brenda Shackley, Ray Tugwell, Bindi Webb and Steve Penny Jr
Department of Agriculture
4. Cereal rust update 2002 – a new stem rust on Camm wheat, Robert Loughman1and Robert Park2 1Department of Agriculture, 2University of Sydney
5. Influence of nutrition and environmental factors on seed vigour in wheat, Darshan Sharma, Wal Anderson and Daya Patabendige, Department of Agriculture
6. Cereal aphids and direct feeding damage to cereals, Phil Michael, Department of Agriculture
7. A decision support system for control of aphids and BYDV in cereal crops, Debbie Thackray, Jenny Hawkes and Roger Jones, Department of Agriculture and Centre for Legumes in Mediterranean Agriculture
8. Summary of 2001 weather and seasonal prospects for 2002, David Stephens, Department of Agriculture
9. Towards a management package for grain protein in lupins, Bob French, Senior Research Officer, Department of Agriculture
10. Lupin genotypes respond differently to potash, Bob French and Laurie Wahlsten, Senior Research Officer and Technical Officer, Department of Agriculture
11. Time of harvest for improved seed yield of pulses, G. Riethmuller and B. French, Department of Agriculture
12. Comparing the phosphorus requirement of field pea and wheat, M. Bolland and P. White, Department of Agriculture Western Australia
13. Field pea variety evaluation, T. Khan, Department of Agriculture Western Australia
14. Diamondback moth (DBM) in canola, Kevin Walden, Department of Agriculture
15. WA blackleg resistance ratings on canola varieties for 2002, Ravjit Khangura, Martin J. Barbetti and Graham Walton, Department of Agriculture
16. The effect of single or multiple spray treatments on the control of Diamondback moth (Plutella xylostella) and yield of canola at Wongan Hills, Françoise Berlandier, Paul Carmody and Christiaan Valentine, Department of Agriculture
17. Perennial pastures in annual cropping systems: Lucerne and beyond, Roy Latta and Keith Devenish, Department of Agriculture
18. Nutrition in 2002: Decisions to be made as a result of last season, Bill Bowden,Department of Agriculture
19. Profitability of deep banding lime, Michael O\u27Connell, Chris Gazey and David Gartner, Department of Agriculture
20. Economic comparisons of farming systems for the medium rainfall northern sandplain, Caroline Peek and David Rogers, Department of Agriculture
21. The use of Twist Fungus as a biosecurity measure against Annual Ryegrass Toxicity (ARGT), Greg Shea, GrainGuard Coordinator and George Yan, Biological
and Resource Technology
22. Major outcomes from IWM demonstration sites, Alexandra Douglas, Department of Agriculture
23. Understanding the weed seed bank life of important agricultural weeds, Sally Peltzer and Paul Matson, Department of Agriculture
24. Seeding rate, row spacing and herbicides for weed control, David Minkey, Department of Agriculture
25. Improving weed control in grazed pastures using legumes with low palatability, Clinton Revell and Giles Glasson, Department of Agriculture, Dean Thomas, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Western Australia
26. Group F resistant wild radish: What’s new? Aik Cheam1, Siew Lee1and Mike Clarke2, 1Department of Agriculture WA, 2Aventis Crop Science
27. Knockdown herbicides do not reliably kill small grass weeds, Peter Newman and Glenn Adam, Department of Agricultur
Crop Updates 2002 - Cereals
This session covers thirty one papers from different authors:
VARIETIES AND BREEDING
1. Agronomic evaluation of wheat and barley in the central wheatbelt of Western Australia, Peter Burgess1and Gary Fawell2, 1Agritech and 2Farmanco Management
2. Evaluating stress tolerance to terminal drought by Western Australian wheats, Dean Diepeveen and Dr Tim Setter, Department of Agriculture
3. Broadscale wheat variety comparisons featuring Wyalkatchem, Jeff Russell, Department of Agriculture
4. Australian crop accreditation system variety selector, Tony Seymour, Australian Crop Accreditation System
5. Future wheat varieties, Robin Wilson, Iain Barclay,Robyn McLean, Robert Loughman, Jenny Garlinge, Bill Lambe, Neil Venn and Peter Clarke, Department of Agriculture
AGRONOMY
6. Beware of wheat variety interactions with row spacing and seed rate, Mohammad Amjad and Wal Anderson, Department of Agriculture
7. Yield and falling numbers of wheat varieties on the South Coast, Mohammad Amjad and Wal Anderson, Department of Agriculture
8. Maximising wheat variety performance through agronomic management, Wal Anderson, Raffaele Del Cima, James Bee, Darshan Sharma, Sheena Lyon, Melaine Kupsch, Mohammad Amjad, Pam Burgess, Veronika Reck, Brenda Shackley, Ray Tugwell, BindiWebb and Steve Penny Jr, Department of Agriculture
9. High impact of soil type and seasonal rainfall on optimum wheat seed rate , Raffaele Del Cima and Wal Anderson Department of Agriculture
10. 101 seasons in one day: Using the ‘WA Wheat’ database to predict wheat yield, James Fisher1, Bill Bowden1, Craig Scanlan1, Senthold Asseng2and Michael Robertson2 1Department of Agriculture, 2CSIRO
11. Economics of improving compact soils, M.A. Hamza1, G. McConnell2and W.K. Anderson1, 1Department of Agriculture, 2Planfarm
12. Reducing the risks in producing durum wheat in Western Australia, Md Shahajahan Miyan and Wal Anderson, Department of Agriculture
13. Taking the Why out of Wyalkatchem – the new widely adopted wheat variety, Steve Penny, Department of Agriculture
14. Influence of nutrition and environmental factors on seed vigour in wheat, Darshan Sharma, Wal Anderson and Daya Patabendige, Department of Agriculture
NUTRITION
15. N and K are important for oat yield and quality, Patrick Gethin, Stephen Loss, Tim O’Dea, Ryan Guthrie and Lisa Leaver, CSBP Futurefarm
16. Effects of nitrogen and phosphorus on the grain yield and quality of noodle wheat, Tyrone Henning1, Lionel Martin1and Wal Anderson2 1Muresk Institute of Agriculture, 2Department of Agriculture
17. Assessment of a high input fertiliser regime on the yield and quality of Gairdner barley, Narelle Hill1, Simon Wallwork2and Laurence Carslake2 1Department of Agriculture, 2Wesfarmers Landmark
18. The use of Flexi-N to achieve high yielding, high protein wheat, Darren Hughes1, Lionel Martin1, Wal Anderson2and Stephen Loss3 1Muresk Institute of Agriculture, 2Department of Agriculture, 3CSBP Futurefarm
19. Are liquid phosphorus fertilisers more efficient than solid fertilisers in Western Australia?Stephen Loss, Lisa Leaver, Ryan Guthrie, Patrick Gethin and Tim O’Dea, CSBP Futurefarm
20. Oats respond to phosphorus and potassium, Glenn McDonald, Department of Agriculture
PESTS AND DISEASES
21. Cereal disease diagnostics and rust monitoring, Nichole Burges and Dominie Wright, Department of Agriculture
22. Distribution and incidence of aphids and barley yellow dwarf virus in over-summering grasses in the Western Australian wheatbelt, Jenny Hawkes and Roger Jones, Centre for Legumes in Mediterranean Agriculture and Department of Agriculture
23. Spring sprays for powdery mildew control in cereals, Kith Jayasena1, Kazue Tanaka1, Vanessa Johnson1, Robert Loughman1and Josh Jury2 1Department of Agriculture, 2Wesfarmers Landmark
24. Impact of root lesion nematodes on wheat and triticale in Western Australia, Sean Kelly and Shashi Sharma, Department of Agriculture
25. Cropping options for the management of root lesion nematodes in Western Australia, Sean Kelly, Shashi Sharma and Robert Loughman, Department of Agriculture
26. Cereal rust update 2002 – new stem rust on Camm wheat, Robert Loughman1and Robert Park2 1Department of Agriculture, 2University of Sydney
27. Cereal aphids and direct feeding damage to cereals, Phil Michael, Department of Agriculture
28. A decision support system for control of aphids and BYDV in cereal crops, Debbie Thackray, Jenny Hawkes and Roger Jones, Department of Agriculture and Centre for Legumes in Mediterranean Agriculture
STORAGE
29. Aeration – opportunity for profit, Christopher Newman, Department of Agriculture
CLIMATE
30. Financial impact of frost on the Western Australian grains industry, Garren Knell and Kim Povey, ConsultAg
31. Summary of 2001 weather and seasonal prospects for 2002, David Stephens, Department of Agricultur
Crop Updates 2003 - -Katanning
This session covers sixteen papers from different authors
Breeding Cereals for Rust Resistance – are we losing the battle? Robert F. Park, University of Sydney
Stripe rust – where to now for the WA wheat industry? Robert Loughman, Department of Agriculture, Colin Wellings, University of Sydney, Greg Shea, Department of Agriculture
Oaten hay production, Jocelyn Ball, Natasha Littlewood and Lucy Creagh, Department of Agriculture
Don’t rely on ‘Spray and Pray’ Alex Douglas, Department of Agriculture
Seasonal outlook: What is in store for 2003, David Stephens, Department of Agriculture
No-till copper, phosphorus and zinc experiments, Ross Brennan and Mike Bolland, Department of Agriculture
Wheat nutrition in the high rainfall zone, Narelle Hill, Department of Agriculture
Aphid damage to cereal grain crops, Phil Michael, Department of Agriculture
Aphid damage to canola – not all cultivars are equal, Francoise A. Berlandier and Christiaan Valentine, Department of Agriculture
Overcropping Lucerne, Roy Latta, Department of Agriculture
Future direction of field pea varieties, M. Rodger Beermier, Department of Agriculture
Selecting the right pasture for the job, Keith Devenish, Department of Agriculture
Topping up pasture seedbanks, Keith Devenish, Department of Agriculture
Baudin and Hamlin New generation of malting barleys, Blakely Paynter, Roslyn Jettner and Kevin Young, Department of Agriculture
Wheat variety performance in 2002 compared to the long term, Robin Wilson, Ian Barclay Robyn McLean, Robert Loughman, Jenny Garlinge, Bill Lambe, Neil Venn and Peter Clarke, Department of Agriculture
The role of green manure crops in renovating poor performing paddocks: What’s it worth? Francis Hoyle, Leanne Schulz and Judith Devenish, Department of Agricultur
Procalcitonin Is Not a Reliable Biomarker of Bacterial Coinfection in People With Coronavirus Disease 2019 Undergoing Microbiological Investigation at the Time of Hospital Admission
Abstract Admission procalcitonin measurements and microbiology results were available for 1040 hospitalized adults with coronavirus disease 2019 (from 48 902 included in the International Severe Acute Respiratory and Emerging Infections Consortium World Health Organization Clinical Characterisation Protocol UK study). Although procalcitonin was higher in bacterial coinfection, this was neither clinically significant (median [IQR], 0.33 [0.11–1.70] ng/mL vs 0.24 [0.10–0.90] ng/mL) nor diagnostically useful (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve, 0.56 [95% confidence interval, .51–.60]).</jats:p
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