Extinction coefficients retrieved in deep tropical ice clouds from lidar observations using a CALIPSO-like algorithm compared to in-situ measurements from the cloud integrating nephelometer during CRYSTAL-FACE

The purpose of this paper is to examine the impact that digital technologies have on sports. Sports organisations are pursuing new technologies in order to boost the quality of their entities, not just on the playing field, but also, they are improving their business performance. I will investigate the opportunities that data analysis and digital technologies offer in sports. The main aim is to show the relationship between the use of technology and data, and business and sporting success. It is not enough to just have said technologies and big data if there is not adequate knowledge to professionally analyze data collected and if the users do not have the ability to use it in their favour. Therefore, the technology and data application has to go through a qualification process to ensure that the applied data co-exist with a context of competent knowledge sharing, individual and organizational learning in order to positively affect sporting and business performance. This paper will help readers understand how clubs and individuals use digital technology and data to their own advantage and with plenty of examples and figures provided, readers will be introduced to key trends in digital technologies in sports

Renormalized Energies of Superfluorescent Bursts from an Electron-Hole Magneto-plasma with High Gain in InGaAs Quantum Wells

We study light emission properties of a population-inverted 2D electron-hole plasma in a quantizing magnetic field. We observe a series of superfluorescent bursts, discrete both in time and energy, corresponding to the cooperative recombination of electron-hole pairs from different Landau levels. The emission energies are strongly renormalized due to many-body interactions among the photogenerated carriers, exhibiting red-shifts as large as 20 meV at 15 T. However, the magnetic field dependence of the lowest Landau level emission line remains excitonic at all magnetic fields. Interestingly, our time-resolved measurements show that this lowest-energy burst occurs only after all upper states become empty, suggesting that this excitonic stability is related to the `hidden symmetry' of 2D magneto-excitons expected in the magnetic quantum limit.Comment: 5 pages, 4 figure

Charge order, dynamics, and magneto-structural transition in multiferroic LuFe2_2O4_4

We investigated the series of temperature and field-driven transitions in LuFe$_2$O$_4$ by optical and M\"{o}ssbauer spectroscopies, magnetization, and x-ray scattering in order to understand the interplay between charge, structure, and magnetism in this multiferroic material. We demonstrate that charge fluctuation has an onset well below the charge ordering transition, supporting the "order by fluctuation" mechanism for the development of charge order superstructure. Bragg splitting and large magneto optical contrast suggest a low temperature monoclinic distortion that can be driven by both temperature and magnetic field.Comment: 4 pages, 3 figures, PRL in prin

Examining the effectiveness of place-based interventions to improve public health and reduce health inequalities: an umbrella review.

BackgroundLocally delivered, place-based public health interventions are receiving increasing attention as a way of improving health and reducing inequalities. However, there is limited evidence on their effectiveness. This umbrella review synthesises systematic review evidence of the health and health inequalities impacts of locally delivered place-based interventions across three elements of place and health: the physical, social, and economic environments.MethodsSystematic review methodology was used to identify recent published systematic reviews of the effectiveness of place-based interventions on health and health inequalities (PROGRESS+) in high-income countries. Nine databases were searched from 1st January 2008 to 1st March 2020. The quality of the included articles was determined using the Revised Assessment of Multiple Systematic Reviews tool (R-AMSTAR).ResultsThirteen systematic reviews were identified - reporting 51 unique primary studies. Fifty of these studies reported on interventions that changed the physical environment and one reported on changes to the economic environment. Only one primary study reported cost-effectiveness data. No reviews were identified that assessed the impact of social interventions. Given heterogeneity and quality issues, we found tentative evidence that the provision of housing/home modifications, improving the public realm, parks and playgrounds, supermarkets, transport, cycle lanes, walking routes, and outdoor gyms - can all have positive impacts on health outcomes - particularly physical activity. However, as no studies reported an assessment of variation in PROGRESS+ factors, the effect of these interventions on health inequalities remains unclear.ConclusionsPlace-based interventions can be effective at improving physical health, health behaviours and social determinants of health outcomes. High agentic interventions indicate greater improvements for those living in greater proximity to the intervention, which may suggest that in order for interventions to reduce inequalities, they should be implemented at a scale commensurate with the level of disadvantage. Future research needs to ensure equity data is collected, as this is severely lacking and impeding progress on identifying interventions that are effective in reducing health inequalities.Trial registrationPROSPERO CRD42019158309

Absence of Spin Liquid Behavior in Nd3Ga5SiO14 Using Magneto-Optical Spectroscopy

We measured the low-lying crystal field levels of Nd3+ in Nd3Ga5SiO14 via magneto-optical spectroscopy and employed the extracted energies, magnetic moments, and symmetries to analyze the magnetic properties and test the spin liquid candidacy of this material. The exchange interaction is surprisingly small, a discovery that places severe constraints on models used to describe the ground state of this system. Further, it demonstrates the value of local-probe photophysical techniques for rare-earthcontaining materials where bulk property measurements can be skewed by low-lying electronic structure

Prospectus, November 2, 2005

https://spark.parkland.edu/prospectus_2005/1025/thumbnail.jp

Observational estimates of the initial power spectrum at small scale from Lyman-α\alpha absorbers

We present a new method of measuring the power spectrum of initial perturbations to an unprecedently small scale of $\sim$ 10$h^{-1}$ kpc. We apply this method to a sample of 4500 Ly-$\alpha$ absorbers and recover the cold dark matter (CDM) like power spectrum at scales $\geq 300h^{-1}$kpc with a precision of $\sim$ 10%. However at scales $\sim 10 - 300 h^{-1}$kpc the measured and CDM--like spectra are noticeable different. This result suggests a complex inflation with generation of excess power at small scales. The magnitude and reliability of these deviations depend also upon the possible incompleteness of our sample and poorly understood process of formation of weak absorbers. Confirmation of the CDM--like shape of the initial power spectrum or detection of its distortions at small scales are equally important for widely discussed problems of physics of the early Universe, galaxy formation, and reheating of the Universe. Our method links the observed mass function of absorbers with the correlation function of the initial velocity field and therefore it avoids the Nyquist restrictions limiting the investigations based on the smoothed flux or density fields. The physical model of absorbers adopted here asserts that they are formed in the course of both linear and nonlinear adiabatic or shock compression of dark matter (DM) and gaseous matter. At scales $\geq 1h^{-1}$Mpc all characteristics of the DM component and, in particular, their redshift distribution are found to be consistent with theoretical expectations for Gaussian initial perturbations with a CDM--like power spectrum.Comment: 22 pages, 10 figure