El archivo y sus territorios: Lectura del archivo fotográfico del bombardeo de Londres

The place or territory in which an archive is housed shapes our understanding of the material discovered there and informs the subsequent direction of research. Derived from Allan Sekula’s discussion of the image territory of photograph archives, this paper develops Sekula’s concept in relation to researching an overlooked archive of censored and captioned bomb damage press photographs taken in London during the Second World War. Beginning in The Imperial War Museum’s photograph archive reading room which was situated until 2020 in the city whose wartime ruination the bomb damage photographs record, this paper describes their territories, showing how the archive is not solely defined by its taxonomic and institutional context. Instead, from the mediative space of the reading room, new interconnecting temporal, historical and locational territories are traced, revealing other histories in both the archive and the city.  El lugar o territorio donde se aloja un archivo determina nuestra comprensión del material allí encontrado e influye en el rumbo que tomará la investigación. A partir de las disquisiciones de Allan Sekula sobre el territorio representado en los archivos fotográficos, este artículo elabora su idea en relación con un archivo, muy poco estudiado, de fotografías de prensa censuradas que muestran la destrucción de Londres durante la Segunda Guerra Mundial. Desde la sala de consulta del archivo fotográfico del Imperial War Museum, que hasta hace poco se ubicaba en esta misma ciudad, se describe cómo el archivo no se define únicamente por su contexto taxonómico, histórico o institucional. En este conciliador espacio de lectura se rastrean nuevos territorios conectados temporal y espacialmente, que revelan historias diferentes a propósito del archivo, sus fotografías y la ciudad. Según Eduardo Cadava, esto nos invita a reflexionar sobre las correlaciones entre las consecuencias de los bombardeos mostradas en las fotografías, los archivos y la contienda. Tras la reubicación del archivo fuera de la ciudad, también se reflexiona sobre su territorialidad digital, particularmente respecto de la imposibilidad de aprendizaje situado, únicamente factible cuando las fotografías se revisitan en el territorio que las vio nacer

El archivo y sus territorios: Lectura del archivo fotográfico del bombardeo de Londres

The place or territory in which an archive is housed shapes our understanding of the material discovered there and informs the subsequent direction of research. Derived from Allan Sekula’s discussion of the image territory of photograph archives, this paper develops Sekula’s concept in relation to researching an overlooked archive of censored and captioned bomb damage press photographs taken in London during the Second World War. Beginning in The Imperial War Museum’s photograph archive reading room which was situated until 2020 in the city whose wartime ruination the bomb damage photographs record, this paper describes their territories, showing how the archive is not solely defined by its taxonomic and institutional context. Instead, from the mediative space of the reading room, new interconnecting temporal, historical and locational territories are traced, revealing other histories in both the archive and the city.  El lugar o territorio donde se aloja un archivo determina nuestra comprensión del material allí encontrado e influye en el rumbo que tomará la investigación. A partir de las disquisiciones de Allan Sekula sobre el territorio representado en los archivos fotográficos, este artículo elabora su idea en relación con un archivo, muy poco estudiado, de fotografías de prensa censuradas que muestran la destrucción de Londres durante la Segunda Guerra Mundial. Desde la sala de consulta del archivo fotográfico del Imperial War Museum, que hasta hace poco se ubicaba en esta misma ciudad, se describe cómo el archivo no se define únicamente por su contexto taxonómico, histórico o institucional. En este conciliador espacio de lectura se rastrean nuevos territorios conectados temporal y espacialmente, que revelan historias diferentes a propósito del archivo, sus fotografías y la ciudad. Según Eduardo Cadava, esto nos invita a reflexionar sobre las correlaciones entre las consecuencias de los bombardeos mostradas en las fotografías, los archivos y la contienda. Tras la reubicación del archivo fuera de la ciudad, también se reflexiona sobre su territorialidad digital, particularmente respecto de la imposibilidad de aprendizaje situado, únicamente factible cuando las fotografías se revisitan en el territorio que las vio nacer

Dichotomies, Transcendence and Power: Investigating Women’s Narratives of Breast Cancer Risks

Worldwide, almost 630,000 women died from breast cancer last year. North American women face a lifetime risk for breast cancer of one in eight, with nearly 500 new breast cancer diagnoses each week in Canada. The overall global incidence of breast cancer continues to rise. Five to ten % of cases are related to genetics, family history, lifestyle and behaviour, all factoring into overall incidence. Fewer than 50% of breast cancers can be explained by the known or traditionally suspected risk factors. The complexity of the varied contexts, which produce disparate degrees of risk, should be incorporated into prevention strategies. Increased attention to environmental and occupational risk factors represents a significant site where primary prevention interventions could be effective. This qualitative study examines how women who work in an environment with an identified risk of breast cancer construct understandings and narratives of their risks and how women perceive and exercise agency in the acceptance, avoidance or negotiation of those risks. Personal narratives were gathered through in-depth individual interviews from 25 women who are current or former employees of the Ambassador Bridge in Windsor, Ontario, Canada. The research draws on Kleinman\u27s ecological approach, where the subject location is key to the framework for understanding health information within its socio-cultural context. Kleinman\u27s approach is further developed in this study by incorporating feminist standpoint theory and a socio-ecological framework. The theoretical approach constructed by incorporating these multiple perspectives frames women\u27s subjective understandings as situated in their socio-cultural contexts and allows understanding subject location and, importantly, agency—or control over breast cancer risks—as seen through the subject in her location. The narratives reveal how women construct their understanding of breast cancer risks, particularly concerning environmental factors, based on personal knowledge, occupational experience, and through the lens of gender. The exploration uncovers and analyzes how women\u27s subject location influences understandings, interpretations and use of knowledge about perceived risks for breast cancer in a risk-bearing environment and their related ideas about agency directed at risk mitigation. Policy, regulation, and risk mitigation strategies are enhanced by understanding how women make meaning in their knowledge of breast cancer risks and how they perceive the possibilities and barriers to agency to mitigate risks. The way women understand breast cancer risk is dynamic, contextualized, multisectoral, and relational and offers insights into understanding spaces. As seen from women’s standpoint, breast cancer risk is not solely a biomedical phenomenon residing in the body, determined by genetics or lifestyle choices, but is experienced by women in a nested set of social, cultural and political relationships. Increased understanding and collaborative partnerships between medical science and social science would improve breast cancer prevention strategies, particularly where risks are related to involuntary, environmental exposures. The findings contribute to efforts to address environmental health risks at the Ambassador Bridge and other workplaces and communities

Toronto Star Coverage of the Politics of Breast Cancer

Research on media coverage of breast cancer has illustrated a tendency to report most often on prevalence, detection and treatment with a general lack of environmental and prevention oriented stories. In spite of growing evidence of links of causation between environmental and occupational exposures to breast cancer, the media seem generally to omit these factors. A detailed Critical Discourse Analysis was conducted on 125 articles from the Toronto Star from the year 2012, with the Propaganda Model as the theoretical framework. Seven different themes were found in the coverage of breast cancer. The study exposed how the dominant ideology came to bear on those texts, including the general omission and/or downplaying of environmental and occupational exposures in relation to breast cancer, as well as primary prevention. Given the significance for public health, understanding how the media cover the breast cancer epidemic can reveal necessary paradigm shifts

The Toronto Star and the politics of breast cancer

Research on media coverage of breast cancer has illustrated a tendency to report most often on prevalence, detection and treatment with a general lack of environmental and prevention oriented stories. In spite of growing evidence of links between environmental and occupational exposures and breast cancer causation, the media seem generally to omit these factors. A detailed critical discourse analysis (CDA) was conducted on 125 articles from the Toronto Star in the year 2012, with the Propaganda Model (PM) as the theoretical framework. Seven different themes were found in the coverage of breast cancer and CDA was utilized to expose how the dominant ideology came to bear on those texts, including the general omission and/or downplaying of environmental and occupational exposures in relation to breast cancer, as well as primary prevention. Given the significance for public health, understanding how the media cover the breast cancer epidemic can reveal necessary paradigm shifts

Memory in the New Creation : a critical response to Miroslav Volf's eschatological forgetting

In this thesis I respond to Miroslav Volfs proposal that in the eschaton painful memories will be forgotten in order not to detract from the joy of the New Creation. Through consideration of the constitution of personal identity and memory I will show that his proposal is problematic if, in the New Creation, persons are to be continuous with themselves. In my chapter on forgiveness I show that that it is possible, through forgiveness, for people to come to remember even the most painful of experiences without experiencing pain anew, I will show that painful memories can be healed and transformed, and thus that eschatological forgetting is not necessary. I will argue in the final chapter that, just as in his resurrection body Christ bore scars of the crucifixion, so in the New Creation we too will bear scars from our earthly lives. The main sources in the chapter on personal identity are John Macmurray, Alastair McFadyen and, to a lesser extent, Paul Ricoeur. The work of Gregory Jones is significant in chapters 2 and 3 (looking at memory and forgiveness respectively). In chapter 4 (New Creation) I have drawn on the work of Jurgen Moltmann as well as that of Bauckham and Hart

Sacrificed: Ontario Healthcare Workers in the Time of COVID-19

Healthcare workers (HCWs) in Ontario, Canada have faced unprecedented risks during the COVID-19 pandemic. They have been infected at an elevated rate compared to the general public. HCWs have argued for better protections with minimal success. A worldwide shortage of N95s and comparable respirators appears to have influenced guidelines for protection, which stand at odds with increasing scientific evidence. In-depth interviews were conducted with ten frontline HCWs about their concerns. They reported that the risk of contracting COVID-19 and infecting family members has created intense anxiety. This, in conjunction with understaffing and an increased workload, has resulted in exhaustion and burnout. HCWs feel abandoned by their governments, which failed to prepare for an inevitable epidemic, despite recommendations. The knowledge that they are at increased risk of infection due to lack of protection has resulted in anger, frustration, fear, and a sense of violation that may have long-lasting implications

Development of the larval migration inhibition test for comparative analysis of ivermectin sensitivity in cyathostomin populations

Cyathostomins are the most prevalent parasitic pathogens of equids worldwide. These nematodes have been controlled using broad-spectrum anthelmintics; however, cyathostomin resistance to each anthelmintic class has been reported and populations insensitive to more than one class are relatively commonplace. The faecal egg count reduction test (FECRT) is considered the most suitable method for screening anthelmintic sensitivity in horses, but is subject to variation and is relatively time-consuming to perform. Here, we describe a larval migration inhibition test (LMIT) to assess ivermectin (IVM) sensitivity in cyathostomin populations. This test measures the paralysing effect of IVM on the ability of third stage larvae (L3) to migrate through a pore mesh. When L3 from a single faecal sample were examined on multiple occasions, variation in migration was observed: this was associated with the length of time that the L3 had been stored before testing but the association was not significant. Half maximal effective concentration (EC50) values were then obtained for cyathostomin L3 from six populations of horses or donkeys that showed varying sensitivity to IVM in previous FECRTs. Larvae from populations indicated as IVM resistant by FECRT displayed significantly higher EC50 values in the LMIT than L3 from populations classified as IVM sensitive or L3 from populations that had not been previously exposed to IVM or had limited prior exposure. The analysis also showed that EC50 values obtained using L3 from animals in which IVM faecal egg count reduction (FECR) levels had been recorded as 95%. For one of the populations, time that had elapsed since IVM administration had an effect on the EC50 value obtained, with a longer time since treatment associated with lower EC50 values. These results indicate that the LMIT has value in discriminating IVM sensitivity amongst cyathostomin populations, but several factors were identified that need to be taken into account when executing the test and interpreting the derived data