1,763 research outputs found
Ganganalyse im Mausmodell : Einfluss des Alters und der Frakturheilung auf den Bewegungsablauf der Maus
Obwohl die Maus als Versuchstier in zahlreichen Studien zur Untersuchung der Frakturheilung
verwendet wird, wurden Studien zur Ganganalyse, insbesondere während der Frakturheilung,
bis dato nicht durchgeführt. Ziel dieser Arbeit war es daher, den Einfluss des Alters sowie der
Frakturheilung auf das Gangbild der Maus zu analysieren.
In dem ersten Abschnitt der Studie erfolgte die Ganganalyse in gesunden jungen (3 Monate),
mittelalten (10 Monate) und alten Mäusen (16 Monate) zu einem definierten Zeitpunkt. In dem
zweiten Abschnitt der Studie wurde das Gangbild nach Fakturierung des Femurs und
geschlossener Stabilisierung mit einer intramedullären Zugschraube in jungen (3 Monate) und
alten Mäusen (16 Monate) verglichen. Das Gangbild wurde präoperativ und zu verschiedenen
Zeitpunkten während der Frakturheilung (1, 3, 7, 10, 14, 21, 28, 35 Tage) untersucht. Zur
Analyse wurde das CatWalk-System, ein videobasiertes Echtzeitganganalyse-System,
verwendet.
Beim Vergleich der unterschiedlichen Altersgruppen der gesunden Mäuse zeigte sich, dass
die alten Mäuse die längste Standzeit, einen signifikant längeren Schwung der einzelnen
Pfoten, einen längeren Schrittzyklus und eine längere Laufdauer im Vergleich zu den jungen
Versuchstieren aufwiesen.
Nach Fakturierung und Stabilisierung des Femurs war die Laufdauer in der frühen Phase der
Frakturheilung in alten Mäusen signifikant länger als in den jungen Mäusen. Die Laufdauer
wurde von Tag 1 bis zum Tag 14 kontinuierlich kürzer. Es zeigten sich eine kürzere Stand und Schwungphase sowie ein kürzerer Schrittzyklus bei den jungen Tieren. Der Abstand der
Hinterpfoten zeigte sich nach Osteosynthese in beiden Gruppen bis Tag 35 verbreitert. Die
jungen Versuchstiere zeigten eine größere Kontaktfläche und eine höhere Intensität der
nichtoperierten sowie der operierten Pfoten im Vergleich zur älteren Versuchsgruppe. Wir
konnten zeigen, dass jüngere Tiere im Vergleich zu den älteren Tieren schneller ein
physiologisches Gangbild aufweisen.
Unsere Studie konnte erstmals zeigen, dass das Gangbild der Maus durch das Alter sowie
durch die Frakturheilung signifikant beeinflusst wird. Somit könnte die Ganganalyse als
zusätzliches Tool zur Analyse der Frakturheilung angewandt werden.Although the mouse has become a preferred model to study fracture healing, studies analyzing
gait patterns of different aged mice or during bone healing does not exist. Therefore, the aim
of this study was to report the change of motion pattern in different aged mice and during
fracture healing in young and old mice.
In the first part of the study we analyzed gait patterns in young (3 month), middle aged (10
month) and aged mice (16 month) at one time point. In the second part of the study we
analyzed gait patterns after femur fracture and stabilization with an intramedullary screw in
young mice (3 month) and aged mice (16 month). Dynamic gait analysis was performed before
fracture and at day 1, 3, 7, 10, 14, 21, 28, 35 after surgery. We used an established video based system method for dynamic gait analyses in rodents, the CatWalk XT.
Comparing the different aged mice swing time, stand time, step cycle and run duration in old
mice were significantly longer compared to that in young mice.
After fracture, the run duration in the early phase of fracture healing was longer in old mice
compared to young mice. During fracture healing, the run duration was shorten from day 1 to
14. Stand time, swing time and step cycle were shorter in young mice compared to old mice.
After fracture, both groups showed a higher hind paw distance. Young mice showed a greater
contact area and higher intensity of the hind paws when compared to old mice. In addition,
young mice reached earlier a physiological gait than old mice.
Our study demonstrates distinct alterations of the gait in different aged mice and after femur
fracture and stabilization. Our results support that gait analysis can be used as an additional
tool to study fracture healing
Experimental Study of Impingement Effusion Cooled Double-Wall Combustor Liners: Aerodynamic Analysis with Stereo-PIV
A new experimental study is presented for a combustor with a double-wall cooling design. The inner wall at the hot gas side features effusion cooling with 7-7-7 laidback fan-shaped holes, and the outer wall at the cold side features an impingement hole pattern with circular holes. Data are acquired to asses the thermal and aerodynamic behavior of the setup, using a new, scaled up, engine similar test rig. Similarity includes Reynolds, Nusselt and Biot numbers for hot gas and coolant flow. Different geometrical setups are studied by varying the cavity height between the two walls and the relative alignment of the two hole patterns at two different impingement Reynolds numbers. This article focuses on the aerodynamic performance of the setup. Instationary flow data are acquired, using a high speed stereo PIV setup. For each geometrical configuration, approximately 20 planes are recorded with a data rate of 1000 Hz by traversing the flow region of interest in the cavity between the two specimen. This fine resolution allows the reconstruction of 3D flow fields for the mean data values and an extensive analysis of transient phenomena at each plane. Time averaged data and jet-center plane transient data are presented in detail. The results show a complex flow field with a hexagonal vortex pattern in the cavity, which is mainly influenced by the cavity height and the relative alignment of the two walls. The jet Reynolds number shows small influence when analyzing normalized data. Small cavity heights show a less developed flow field with less stable vortex systems. The alignment shows a similar influence on vortex system stability, with the aligned case performing better. Additionally, statistical analysis of the jet flow and frequency domain analysis of the jet and the effusion flow are presented, showing the damping capability of the cavity, especially at increased cavity heights, and a residual low frequency pulsation of the effusion cooling inflow
de.NBI Cloud Storage Tübingen. A federated and georedundant solution for large scientific data
The »German Network for Bioinformatics Infrastructure«, or in short »de.NBI«,
is a national research infrastructure providing bioinformatics services to users in
life sciences research, biomedicine and related fields. At five sites across Germany,
cloud sites were established to host the bioinformatics services. In Tübingen an
extension of the storage capabilites of the cloud was planned, implemented and
brought into production. We here report about the motivation, requirements,
design decisions and experiences which might serve as inspiration for other large
scale storage endeavours in the academic domain
Grundrechte
Das Lehrbuch bearbeitet die Grundrechte des Grundgesetzes auf innovative Weise. Ein Team von Nachwuchswissenschaftler/-innen aus ganz Deutschland hat Grundlagenwissen für Studierende mit weiterführendem Wissen für Examenskandidat/-innen kombiniert. Auch kritische Stimmen und historisches Hintergrundwissen finden ihren Platz, werden für Studierende mit knappem Zeitbudget aber stets transparent gekennzeichnet. Das Lehrbuch arbeitet die europa- und völkerrechtlichen Verflechtungen der deutschen Rechtsordnung intensiv auf. Es nimmt pointiert zu aktuellen rechtspolitischen Debatten Stellung. Viele Beispiele und Verweise auf digitale, interaktive Übungen regen zum kritischen Denken und selbstständigen Lernen an. Das Lehrbuch wird ergänzt durch frei zugängliche Übungsfälle.Alle Kapitel lassen sich auf einer digitalen Plattform kommentieren. Als Initiative für offene Rechtswissenschaft (OpenRewi) sehen wir unsere Arbeit als Vorschlag – die Leser:innen sind ein Teil der Diskussion
First results from in situ transmission electron microscopy studies of all-solid-state fluoride ion batteries
A focused ion beam (FIB) system is used to fabricate a micron-sized all-solid-state fluoride ion cell from a bulk battery for in situ transmission electron microscopy (TEM) testing. The bulk battery is based on a La0·9Ba0·1F2.9 solid-state electrolyte with a nanocomposite of Cu/C as a cathode and a nanocomposite of MgF2, Mg, La0·9Ba0·1F2.9 and C as an anode. The evolution of the morphology, structure, and composition of the electrodes and their interfaces with the electrolyte is characterized using in-situ TEM during electrochemical cycling. The high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) and scanning transmission electron microscopy-energy dispersive X-ray (STEM-EDX) analysis of the cathode-electrolyte interface reveal the expected formation of CuF2 phase during charging. During cycling, grain growth of Cu in the cathode ingredients and Cu diffusion from the cathode into the electrolyte are observed in addition to void formation
Mechanical properties and fracture behavior of TiB2+z thin films
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Glutamic Acid Residues in HIV-1 p6 Regulate Virus Budding and Membrane Association of Gag
The HIV-1 Gag p6 protein regulates the final abscission step of nascent
virions from the cell membrane by the action of its two late (l-) domains,
which recruit Tsg101 and ALIX, components of the ESCRT system. Even though p6
consists of only 52 amino acids, it is encoded by one of the most polymorphic
regions of the HIV-1 gag gene and undergoes various posttranslational
modifications including sumoylation, ubiquitination, and phosphorylation. In
addition, it mediates the incorporation of the HIV-1 accessory protein Vpr
into budding virions. Despite its small size, p6 exhibits an unusually high
charge density. In this study, we show that mutation of the conserved glutamic
acids within p6 increases the membrane association of Pr55 Gag followed by
enhanced polyubiquitination and MHC-I antigen presentation of Gag-derived
epitopes, possibly due to prolonged exposure to membrane bound E3 ligases. The
replication capacity of the total glutamic acid mutant E0A was almost
completely impaired, which was accompanied by defective virus release that
could not be rescued by ALIX overexpression. Altogether, our data indicate
that the glutamic acids within p6 contribute to the late steps of viral
replication and may contribute to the interaction of Gag with the plasma
membrane
High-Entropy Sulfides as Electrode Materials for Li-Ion Batteries
High-entropy sulfides (HESs) containing 5 equiatomic transition metals (M), with different M:S ratios, are prepared by a facile one-step mechanochemical approach. Two new types of single-phase HESs with pyrite (Pa-3) and orthorhombic (Pnma) structures are obtained and demonstrate a homogeneously mixed solid solution. The straightforward synthesis method can easily tune the desired metal to sulfur ratio for HESs with different stoichiometries, by utilizing the respective metal sulfides, even pure metals, and sulfur as precursor chemicals. The structural details and solid solution nature of HESs are studied by X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, electron energy loss spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy, and Mössbauer spectroscopy. Since transition metal sulfides are a very versatile material class, here the application of HESs is presented as electrode materials for reversible electrochemical energy storage, in which the HESs show high specific capacities and excellent rate capabilities in secondary Li-ion batteries
High‐Entropy Sulfides as Electrode Materials for Li‐Ion Batteries
High-entropy sulfides (HESs) containing 5 equiatomic transition metals (M), with different M:S ratios, are prepared by a facile one-step mechanochemical approach. Two new types of single-phase HESs with pyrite (Pa-3) and orthorhombic (Pnma) structures are obtained and demonstrate a homogeneously mixed solid solution. The straightforward synthesis method can easily tune the desired metal to sulfur ratio for HESs with different stoichiometries, by utilizing the respective metal sulfides, even pure metals, and sulfur as precursor chemicals. The structural details and solid solution nature of HESs are studied by X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, electron energy loss spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy, and Mössbauer spectroscopy. Since transition metal sulfides are a very versatile material class, here the application of HESs is presented as electrode materials for reversible electrochemical energy storage, in which the HESs show high specific capacities and excellent rate capabilities in secondary Li-ion batteries
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