Etude de l'ablation laser pour l'analyse elementaire dans les solides Spectroscopie d'emission optique sur plasma produit par laser

Available from INIST (FR), Document Supply Service, under shelf-number : AR 16354 / INIST-CNRS - Institut de l'Information Scientifique et TechniqueSIGLEMinistere de l'Enseignement Superieur et de la Recherche, 75 - Paris (France)FRFranc

Plasmas Froids : Systèmes d'analyse, Modélisation et Rayonnement

I - Physique et applications atmosphériques des filaments de plasma générés par des impulsions laser ultrabrèves (Jérôme Kasparian, Jean Pierre Wolf) Spectroscopie d'émission optique sur plasma induit par laser : Principe et applications (Patrick Mauchien, Catherine Gallou, Jean Luc Lacour, Laurent Salmon) II-2. Spectroscopie de fluorescence induite par diodes laser : Application au diagnostic des plasmas (Stéphane Mazouffre) II-3. Un capteur de flux d'énergie dans les plasmas (A.-L. Thomann, N. Semmar, R. Dussart, L. Bedra, J. Mathias, Y. Tessier et S. Mazouffre) III-1. Modélisation de la photoionisation dans les plasmas d'air non-thermiques à la pression atmosphérique (Anne Bourdon, Sébastien Célestin, Julien Capeillère et Pierre Ségur) III-2. Modélisation des plasmas produits par interaction laser-matière (Tatiana E. Itina) IV-1. Propriétés et transferts radiatifs dans les plasmas (M.Y. Perrin, A. Soufiani, Ph. Riviere) IV-2. Modifications induites en surface de polymères par traitement laser (Patricia Laurens, Sophie Petit) IV-3. Lampes fluorescentes sans mercure, à la recherche de l'efficacité énergétique (Eric Robert, Sébastien Point, Sébastien Dozias, Christophe Cachoncinlle, Raymond Viladrosa et Jean Michel Pouvesle) IV-4. Sources plasmas de rayonnement X créées par laser (Fabien Dorchies) Importance du rayonnement dans les procédés thermiques industriels (Yann Cressault, Philippe Teulet, Jean-Jacques Gonzalez, Alain Gleizes) La spectroscopie optique appliquée à l'étude des disjoncteurs (Dunpin Hong, Jean-Marc Bauchire et François Gentils) Exemples de micro plasmas à haute densité : Électroérosion et ouverture de contacts électriques (Jean-Luc Dorier, Antoine Descoeudres, Christoph Hollenstein) Chauffage et génération de courant par ondes dans les tokamaks (Gérard Bonhomme

The ChemCam Instrument Suite on the Mars Science Laboratory (MSL) Rover: Body Unit and Combined System Tests

The ChemCam instrument suite on the Mars Science Laboratory (MSL) rover Curiosity provides remote compositional information using the first laser-induced breakdown spectrometer (LIBS) on a planetary mission, and provides sample texture and morphology data using a remote micro-imager (RMI). Overall, ChemCam supports MSL with five capabilities: remote classification of rock and soil characteristics; quantitative elemental compositions including light elements like hydrogen and some elements to which LIBS is uniquely sensitive (e.g., Li, Be, Rb, Sr, Ba); remote removal of surface dust and depth profiling through surface coatings; context imaging; and passive spectroscopy over the 240-905 nm range. ChemCam is built in two sections: The mast unit, consisting of a laser, telescope, RMI, and associated electronics, resides on the rover's mast, and is described in a companion paper. ChemCam's body unit, which is mounted in the body of the rover, comprises an optical demultiplexer, three spectrometers, detectors, their coolers, and associated electronics and data handling logic. Additional instrument components include a 6 m optical fiber which transfers the LIBS light from the telescope to the body unit, and a set of onboard calibration targets. ChemCam was integrated and tested at Los Alamos National Laboratory where it also underwent LIBS calibration with 69 geological standards prior to integration with the rover. Post-integration testing used coordinated mast and instrument commands, including LIBS line scans on rock targets during system-level thermal-vacuum tests. In this paper we describe the body unit, optical fiber, and calibration targets, and the assembly, testing, and verification of the instrument prior to launch

Isotope ratios of H, C, and O in CO2 and H2O of the Martian atmosphere

Stable isotope ratios of H, C, and O are powerful indicators of a wide variety of planetary geophysical processes, and for Mars they reveal the record of loss of its atmosphere and subsequent interactions with its surface such as carbonate formation. We report in situ measurements of the isotopic ratios of D/H and O-18/O-16 in water and C-13/C-12, O-18/O-16, O-17/O-16, and (CO)-C-13-O-18/(CO)-C-12-O-16 in carbon dioxide, made in the martian atmosphere at Gale Crater from the Curiosity rover using the Sample Analysis at Mars (SAM)'s tunable laser spectrometer (TLS). Comparison between our measurements in the modern atmosphere and those of martian meteorites such as ALH 84001 implies that the martian reservoirs of CO2 and H2O were largely established similar to 4 billion years ago, but that atmospheric loss or surface interaction may be still ongoing