Additions and Modifications to the Igneous Rock Classification Scheme

Igneous rocks as they are currently defined are in a sloppy state. Vague wording is throughout the whole of the definition, and there is not even any clear consensus on what it should be defined as. In this paper, I redefine igneous rocks in such a way as to remove a great deal of imprecision, and I go through some of the logical implications of the refined definition. I do not seek to change the intent of the definition, and I do not believe that I have. The most interesting implication of this change is that water, as it occurs on Earth, is an igneous rock, and I construct a basic classification scheme for it

Obstructive Sleep Apnea

The authors provide an overview of obstructive sleep apnea, including what it is, how it is diagnosed, and how it is treated

Developing Socially Responsible Leadership and Social Perspective-Taking in Fraternities and Sororities: Findings From a National Study

Using data from the 2009 Multi-Institutional Study of Leadership, this study examines socially responsible leadership and social perspective-taking capacities disaggregated by council membership. Results show small but significant differences in developing these capacities. Implications for fraternity and sorority life professionals are discussed

Deep Space Storm Shelter Simulation Study

Missions outside of Earth's magnetic field are impeded by the presence of radiation from galactic cosmic rays and solar particle events. To overcome this issue, NASA's Advanced Exploration Systems Radiation Works Storm Shelter (RadWorks) has been studying different radiation protective habitats to shield against the onset of solar particle event radiation. These habitats have the capability of protecting occupants by utilizing available materials such as food, water, brine, human waste, trash, and non-consumables to build short-term shelters. Protection comes from building a barrier with the materials that dampens the impact of the radiation on astronauts. The goal of this study is to develop a discrete event simulation, modeling a solar particle event and the building of a protective shelter. The main hallway location within a larger habitat similar to the International Space Station (ISS) is analyzed. The outputs from this model are: 1) the total area covered on the shelter by the different materials, 2) the amount of radiation the crew members receive, and 3) the amount of time for setting up the habitat during specific points in a mission given an event occurs

The Role of Social Perspective-Taking in Developing Students\u27 Leadership Capacities

This study examined relationships between social perspective-taking (SPT) and the individual, group, and societal domains of socially responsible leadership. SPT is a higher-order cognitive skill linked to moral development and social coordination, but never empirically connected to leadership development. Analyses determined SPT has a strong direct effect on group-level leadership values and an indirect effect on societallevel leadership values. Results offer critical new insights into directionality in the social change model

Planning the City in the New Economy: Comprehensive Planning in Austin, Texas

Austin, TX, exemplifies many challenges in planning for fast-growing Sun Belt cities. The process to create the recently adopted Imagine Austin Comprehensive Plan shows the difficulty in matching the tools of traditional comprehensive plans with interrelated New Economy issues and best practices in community engagement

Copper(I) Complexes of Heterocyclic Thiourea Ligands

The coordination of heterocyclic thiourea ligands (L = N-(2-pyridyl)-N′-phenylthiourea (1), N-(2-pyridyl)-N′-methylthiourea (2), N-(3-pyridyl)-N′-phenylthiourea (3), N-(3-pyridyl)-N′-methylthiourea (4), N-(4-pyridyl)-N′-phenylthiourea (5), N-(2-pyrimidyl)-N′-phenylthiourea (6), N-(2-pyrimidyl)-N′-methylthiourea (7), N-(2-thiazolyl)-N′-methylthiourea (8), N-(2-benzothiazolyl)-N′-methylthiourea (9), N,N′-bis(2-pyridyl)thiourea (10) and N,N′-bis(3-pyridyl)thiourea (11)) with CuX (X = Cl, Br, I, NO3) has been investigated. CuX:L product stoichiometries of 1:1–1:5 were found, with 1:1 being most common. X-ray structures of four 3-coordinate mononuclear CuXL2 complexes (CuCl(6)2, CuCl(7)2, CuBr(6)2, and CuBr(9)2) are reported. In contrast, CuBr(1)2 is a 1D sulfur-bridged polymer. CuIL structures (L = 7, 8) are 1D chains with corner-sharing Cu2(μ-I)2 and Cu2(μ-S)2 units, and CuCl(10) is a 2D network having μ-Cl and N-/S-bridging L. Two [CuL2]NO3 structures are reported: a mononuclear 4-coordinate copper complex with chelating ligands (L = 10) and a 1D link-chain with N-/S-bridging L (L = 3). Two ligand oxidative cyclizations were encountered during crystallization. CuI crystallized with 6 to produce zigzag ladder polymer [(CuI)2(12)]·½CH3CN (12 = N-(pyrimidin-2-yl)benzo[d]thiazol-2-amine) and CuNO3 crystallized with 10 to form [Cu2(NO3)(13)2(MeCN)]NO3 (13 = dipyridyltetraazathiapentalene)

Depression in the Elderly: Attitudes of Seniors and Practices of Healthcare Providers

Introduction: Support & Services at Home (SASH) is a model for independent housing for seniors that was developed in 2009 by a partnership of community providers and Cathedral Square Corporation. Results of a 2010 PHQ-9 screen on depression administered to seniors living at Heineberg Senior Housing, a Cathedral Square community, found that 30% of residents had mild depression, 6% moderate depression, and 6% moderate to severe depression. This topic has been targeted by SASH coordinators so that they may provide more support for their residents. Furthermore, a high prevalence of depression amongst the elderly population has been well-documented and this disease is often under-diagnosed, under-treated, or missed altogether.https://scholarworks.uvm.edu/comphp_gallery/1069/thumbnail.jp

The Nature of the Long-Lived Excited State in a Ni^(II) Phthalocyanine Complex Investigated by X-Ray Transient Absorption Spectroscopy

The nature of the photoexcited state of octabutoxy nickel(II) phthalocyanine (NiPcOBu₈) with a 500 ps lifetime was investigated by X‐ray transient absorption (XTA) spectroscopy. Previous optical, vibrational, and computational studies have suggested that this photoexcited state has a ligand‐to‐metal charge transfer (LMCT) nature. By using XTA, which provides unambiguous information on the local electronic and nuclear configuration around the Ni center, the nature of the excited state of NiPcOBu₈ was reassessed. Using X‐ray probe pulses from a synchrotron source, the ground‐ and excited‐state X‐ray absorption spectra of NiPcOBu8 were measured. Based on the results, we identified that the excited state exhibits spectral features that are characteristic of a Ni^(1, 3)(3d_(z²), 3d_(x²-y²)) state rather than a LMCT state with a transiently reduced Ni center. This state resembles the (d,d) state of nickel(II) tetramesitylphorphyrin. The XTA features are rationalized based on the inherent cavity sizes of the macrocycles. These results may provide useful guidance for the design of photocatalysts in the future