Diet of the variable hawk (Geranoaetus polyosoma) in grasslands and periurban zones of the pampean region of Argentina

Se estudió la dieta del Aguilucho Común (Geranoaetus polyosoma) durante el período no reproductivo en dos áreas contrastantes, un pastizal natural y una zona periurbana ubicadas en el sudeste de la Región Pampeana (Argentina), con el objetivo de evaluar si los hábitos tróficos de esta rapaz cambian de acuerdo al ambiente. La dieta del Aguilucho Común estuvo compuesta exclusivamente por micromamíferos en ambos sitios, aunque los ítem presa consumidos difirieron entre hábitats. El ratón de campo (Akodon azarae) fue la presa dominante en pastizales naturales, mientras que el tuco-tuco (Ctenomys talarum) fue la presa principal en zonas periurbanas. El Aguilucho Común realizó un alto consumo de roedores grandes en pastizales (83,3% menores a 30 g de peso promedio) en comparación con zonas periurbanas (61,5% mayores a 90 g de peso promedio). Los resultados evidenciarían la plasticidad de esta rapaz a cambiar su comportamiento alimentario dependiendo de las condiciones locales.We studied the diet of the Variable Hawk (Geranoaetus polyosoma) during non-breeding season in two contrasting areas, a natural grassland and a periurban zone located in the southeast of the Pampean Region (Argentina), in order to address if food habits of this raptor change according to location. The diet of the Variable Hawk was composed exclusively of small mammals in both sites, although prey items were different between habitats. Akodon azarae was the dominant prey in grasslands, whereas Ctenomys talarum was the main prey in periurban zones. The Variable Hawk showed a high consumption of small rodents in grasslands (83.3% smaller than 30 g of mean mass) in comparison to periurban zones (61.5% larger than 90 g of mean mass). Our results would be evidencing the plasticity of this raptor to change its feeding behavior depending on the local conditions.Fil: Baladron Felix, Alejandro Victor. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mar del Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Ciencia Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras; ArgentinaFil: Cavalli, Matilde. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mar del Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Ciencia Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras; ArgentinaFil: Martínez, Guadalupe. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mar del Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Ciencia Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras; Argentin

Prey of the Short-eared Owl (Asio flammeus) in a Pampas grasslands area of Argentina

We describe the prey of the Short-eared Owl in a Pampas grassland area of Argentina on the basis of pellets occasionally collected (N = 10). We found a high proportion of small mammals within samples (80% by number and 97% by biomass). Pellets also contained a very small number of insects and an avian prey. Prey spectrum of this owl species in our study site was similar to those described on other previous studies. Presence of rodents that typically inhabit native grasslands in the study area suggests that the Short-eared Owl could be exploiting less human-impacted areas as hunting habitats.Fil: Baladron Felix, Alejandro Victor. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mar del Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Ciencia Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras; ArgentinaFil: Cavalli, Matilde. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mar del Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Ciencia Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras; ArgentinaFil: Cardoni, Daniel Augusto. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mar del Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Ciencia Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras; Argentin

Development and application of an integrated Life Cycle Assessment and Multi-Criteria Decision Making Model to support sustainable solutions in the fashion industry: the case of Fashion Art.

openThe urgent problem of climate change has gained widespread attention in today's world, leading to a critical analysis of its far-reaching effects. In particular, the fashion industry, with its substantial environmental footprint, has come under scrutiny for its environmental, as well as social impacts. And for these reasons, there is an increasing recognition of the need to assess sustainability within the fashion world, not only as an ethical consideration but also as a strategic opportunity for competitive advantage. Indeed, this paradigm shift toward sustainable practices is not only a response to environmental imperatives but also a transformative pathway for the fashion industry to thrive in a changing world. In this context, among environmental impact assessment metrics, LCA appears to be the most suitable. The utilization of Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) emerges as a systematic and analytical methodology, evaluating the environmental footprint of a product or service throughout its entire life cycle. LCA employs a scientific and standardized approach, considering the entire product life cycle, adopting a systemic perspective, and enabling a comprehensive impact assessment while avoiding burden shifting. Despite its efficacy, LCA encounters challenges, particularly in interpreting diverse life cycle impact assessment (LCIA) results across impact categories through normalization and weighting. However, the demand for identifying relevant impact categories and obtaining unequivocal results has spurred further research, including the computation of single scores. This thesis aims to develop a model synthesizing various LCA environmental indicators to derive a single evaluation score. And in addition, the creation of a decision model that helps identifying the most sustainable solution, in the decision-making context. To address these needs, this study explores and develops an integration model of LCA and Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis (MCDA) applied to the case of Fashion Art, a luxury fashion company specializing in the design and production of clothing, particularly in the Denim sector. The model adopted in this study is the hybrid method: FAHP&TOPSIS based on the LCA results. This combines the TOPSIS method for preference ranking and the AHP method for weight assignment, with AHP modified into FAHP to address ambiguity in MCDM problems through fuzzy set theory when parameters are not precisely defined

Reproductive behavior of White-tailed Kites (Elanus leucurus) in the Pampas of Argentina

The White-tailed Kite (Elanus leucurus) is a raptor that has been less studied in the Neotropics than in the Nearctic region, especially in relation to its reproductive behavior. In this study, we report information about the phenology and activity patterns of this raptor at the Pampas of Argentina. We found that White-tailed Kites have a prolonged breeding season, from October to May. Time-activity budgets of mating pairs indicated a pronounced division of roles in parental care between sexes. Females devoted most of their time to nest construction, incubation and chick care (80% of total time) and males to food provisioning and vigilance (70% of total time). We registered 11 cases of prey transfer from the male to the female. In four cases the transfer occurred in flight and in the remaining seven cases while individuals were perched. Our results agree with general patterns on breeding behavior of White-tailed Kites from North America, suggesting a consistent behavioral pattern throughout the species´ distribution.Fil: Baladrón, Alejandro Victor. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mar del Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras; ArgentinaFil: Cavalli, Matilde. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mar del Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras; ArgentinaFil: Pretelli, Matías Guillermo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mar del Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras; ArgentinaFil: Bó, Maria Susana. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mar del Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras; Argentin

Activity Budgets, Foraging Behavior, and Diet of White-Tailed Kites (Elanus leucurus) during Breeding and Nonbreeding Seasons in the Argentine Pampas

From 2005 to 2009 we evaluated the activity patterns and food habits of White-tailed Kites (Elanus leucurus) during the breeding and nonbreeding seasons in the Argentine Pampas. According to time-activity budget analyses, perching was the most frequently observed activity during the nonbreeding season (52% of total time), whereas foraging was the most frequent activity during the breeding season (41% of total time). Flight was the least frequent of all kites' activities in both seasons (8% and 9% during the breeding and nonbreeding season, respectively). Even when kites spent a similar percentage of time foraging during both breeding and nonbreeding seasons (41% and 39%, respectively), their hunting technique differed between seasons. During the nonbreeding season, we only observed kites using active searching to forage, but during the breeding season, we observed them using active and passive searching in similar proportions. According to pellet analyses, the diet of kites was mostly composed of rodents (> 96% of total prey). Small rodents (body mass < 35 g) were dominant in numeric terms in the diet in both seasons, but larger rodents represented the bulk of biomass. Our results indicate that in the Argentine Pampas, White-tailed Kites are predominantly mammal-eating, active-search predators, as previously reported for the species in South America and North America and for other Elanus species around the world.Fil: Baladrón, Alejandro V.. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mar del Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras; ArgentinaFil: Pretelli, Matías Guillermo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mar del Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras; ArgentinaFil: Cavalli, Matilde. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mar del Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras; ArgentinaFil: Bó, Maria Susana. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mar del Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras; Argentin

Burrowing owls eavesdrop on southern lapwing's alarm calls to enhance their antipredatory behaviour

Eavesdropping is a widespread behaviour among animals, providing the receiver with valuable information to assess the habitat, resources or threats. This kind of behaviour has been reported for the burrowing owl (Athene cunicularia), which in its northern range lives in close association with fossorial mammals and eavesdrops on their alarm calls as indicators of risk. In their southernmost range, burrowing owls do not associate with mammals, but they are often found sharing foraging and nesting patches with the southern lapwing (Vanellus chilensis), a noisy, territorial and aggressive plover species. We designed a field experimental study aimed at determining if burrowing owls are able to use lapwing calls as indicator of potential risk. We exposed focal owls to a sequence of sounds including lapwing alarm calls, and biological and non-biological controls, and registered their response as alert or relax behaviours. Linear mixed modeling showed that owls increased their alert behaviour in response to lapwing alarm calls but not in response to control treatments. In addition, owls’ response was consistent between habitats (rural and urban) and seasons (breeding and non-breeding). Our results suggest that eavesdropping is a generalized strategy of burrowing owls to acquire environmental information throughout its distribution range.Fil: Cavalli, Matilde. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mar del Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras; ArgentinaFil: Baladron Felix, Alejandro Victor. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mar del Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras; ArgentinaFil: Isacch, Juan Pablo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mar del Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras; ArgentinaFil: Bó, Maria Susana. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mar del Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras; Argentin

Leukocyte profiles and body condition of free-living Burrowing owls (Athene cunicularia) from rural and urban areas

Species living in urban areas are exposed to novel and potentially stressful human perturbations. In response to the increasing number of stressors in these habitats, animals may manifest changes in their immune system, body condition and physiology. Many bird species are negatively impacted by urbanization, but other species survive and thrive in urban areas. The capacity to adjust the stress responses to the conditions of urban areas may play a key role to explain the success of bird species in this habitat. In this study, we compared indicators of stress and body condition in free-living Burrowing owls (Athene cunicularia) inhabiting urban and rural areas. We calculated a scaled index of body condition, assessed leukocyte profiles and calculated the heterophil/lymphocyte (H/L) ratios of chicks and adult Burrowing owl individuals. We found that the total white blood cell counts, the relative leukocyte count, and the H/L ratio were similar in owls from rural and urban areas, as well as their body condition. Chicks showed higher counts of white blood cells relative to adult owls, which may be associated with developmental stages and immune system activation processes. Here we provide the first Burrowing owl baseline data of leukocyte profile, one that can be used as a reference when developing future studies.Fil: Cavalli, Matilde. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mar del Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras; ArgentinaFil: Baladron Felix, Alejandro Victor. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mar del Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras; ArgentinaFil: Isacch, Juan Pablo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mar del Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras; ArgentinaFil: D'amico, Veronica Laura. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Nacional Patagónico; ArgentinaFil: Bó, Maria Susana. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mar del Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras; Argentin

Comparison of the diet of two bird-eating raptors, the Aplomado Falcon (Falco femoralis) and the Cinereous Harrier (Circus cinereus), in the Pampean Region of Argentina

We studied the diet and hunting activity of two bird-eating raptors, the Aplomado Falcon (Falco femoralis) and the Cinereous Harrier (Circus cinereus), in Mar Chiquita Biosphere Reserve, Argentina. Prey was identified by analyzing pellets collected during December 2005. The Cinereous Harrier showed a higher consumption of birds than the Aplomado Falcon (92,3% vs 67,9% of total prey, respectively), and a reverse tendency was observed for the biomass contribution (26% vs 88%). In addition, these raptors showed differences in hunting techniques: the Aplomado Falcon used a sit-and-wait strategy, whereas the Cinereous Harrier used an active-search strategy. Our results suggest that both factors, the use of different prey and hunting modes, could be important for trophic niche segregation between these two bird-eating raptors.Fil: Baladrón, Alejandro V.. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mar del Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras; ArgentinaFil: Bó, Maria Susana. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mar del Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras; ArgentinaFil: Cavalli, Matilde. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mar del Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras; ArgentinaFil: Martinez, Guadalupe. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mar del Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras; Argentin

A first-in-class Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome protein activator with anti-tumor activity in hematologic cancers

Hematological cancers are among the most common cancers in adults and children. Despite significant improvements in therapies, many patients still succumb to the disease. Therefore, novel therapies are needed. The Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome protein (WASp) family regulates actin assembly in conjunction with the Arp2/3 complex, a ubiquitous nucleation factor. WASp is expressed exclusively in hematopoietic cells and exists in two allosteric conformations: autoinhibited or activated. Here, we describe the development of EG-011, a first-in-class small molecule activator of the WASp auto-inhibited form. EG-011 possesses in vitro and in vivo anti-tumor activity as a single agent in lymphoma, leukemia, and multiple myeloma, including models of secondary resistance to PI3K, BTK, and proteasome inhibitors. The in vitro activity was confirmed in a lymphoma xenograft. Actin polymerization and WASp binding was demonstrated using multiple techniques. Transcriptome analysis highlighted homology with drugs-inducing actin polymerization

Large scale multifactorial likelihood quantitative analysis of BRCA1 and BRCA2 variants: An ENIGMA resource to support clinical variant classification

The multifactorial likelihood analysis method has demonstrated utility for quantitative assessment of variant pathogenicity for multiple cancer syndrome genes. Independent data types currently incorporated in the model for assessing BRCA1 and BRCA2 variants include clinically calibrated prior probability of pathogenicity based on variant location and bioinformatic prediction of variant effect, co-segregation, family cancer history profile, co-occurrence with a pathogenic variant in the same gene, breast tumor pathology, and case-control information. Research and clinical data for multifactorial likelihood analysis were collated for 1,395 BRCA1/2 predominantly intronic and missense variants, enabling classification based on posterior probability of pathogenicity for 734 variants: 447 variants were classified as (likely) benign, and 94 as (likely) pathogenic; and 248 classifications were new or considerably altered relative to ClinVar submissions. Classifications were compared with information not yet included in the likelihood model, and evidence strengths aligned to those recommended for ACMG/AMP classification codes. Altered mRNA splicing or function relative to known nonpathogenic variant controls were moderately to strongly predictive of variant pathogenicity. Variant absence in population datasets provided supporting evidence for variant pathogenicity. These findings have direct relevance for BRCA1 and BRCA2 variant evaluation, and justify the need for gene-specific calibration of evidence types used for variant classification