35 research outputs found
Spectrophotometric Folin-Ciocalteu and Aluminium Chloride Method Validation for the Determination of Phenolic Acid, Flavan-3-ol, Flavonol, and Anthocyanin Content
Spectrophotometric methods for the determination of total polyphenols and total flavonoids are often used because they are simple, sensitive, and precise. Before using these methods, they must be validated to ensure the quality of the obtained data and to prove that the method is suitable for its purpose. The aim of this study was to validate the spectrophotometric methods for total polyphenols and total flavonoids. The method for total polyphenols has been validated according to polyphenol standards, which belong to the groups of phenolic acids (p-hydroxybenzoic acid, sinapic acid, ferulic acid), flavan-3-ols ((-)-epicatechin), flavonols (myricetin, kaempferol), and anthocyanins (cyanidin-3-glucoside). For the validation of the method for total flavonoids, the same polyphenol standards belonging to flavan-3-ols, flavonols, and anthocyanins have been used. The validation parameters were linearity, sensitivity, limit of detection, limit of quantification, precision, and accuracy. The results of the validation for both methods were in acceptable ranges, except for kaempferol in the method for total flavonoids. In conclusion, these methods can be used for the determination of total polyphenols and total flavonoids by using calibration curves of studied polyphenol standards, except for the kaempferol standard in the method for total flavonoids, due to lower sensitivity
Intraocular tuberculosis ā case report
Tuberculosis (TB) is a chronic granulomatous infection caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. If the affected organ is the eye, the clinical picture is pleomorphic, but it is most often presented with endophthalmitis, iridocyclitis, chorioretinitis, and periphlebitis of the retina
Development of Social Skills and Habits of Children With Down Syndrome
U radu je detaljno opisana razvojna teÅ”koÄa djece s Down sindromom. Stavljen je naglasak na obitelj, odgojitelje i struÄni tim u predÅ”kolskim odgojno-obrazovnim ustanovama u cilju njihove meÄusobne suradnje. Za razvoj socijalne kompetencije djece s Down sindromom veliku ulogu ima inkluzivno ukljuÄivanje u redoviti predÅ”kolski sustav odgoja i obrazovanja, Å”to se u radu navodi kroz prednosti i nedostatke takvog ukljuÄivanja. Cilj provedenoga istraživanja bio je ispitati važnost inkluzivnog vrtiÄa za razvoj socijalnih navika i vjeÅ”tina djece s Down sindromom te provjeriti kompetentnost i znanje odgojitelja za rad u odgojnoobrazovnoj skupini u kojoj je ukljuÄeno, ili bi bilo ukljuÄeno, dijete s Down sindromom te njihovu spremnost na to. Kako bi razvoj djeteta bio Å”to veÄi i uspjeÅ”niji važno mu je pružiti potrebnu pažnju, njegu i brigu kako u obitelji tako i od strane odgojitelja i struÄnjaka.The paper describes in detail the development difficulties that children with Down syndrome experience. It emphasises the family, the educators and the expert team in the preschool system of upbringing and education with the goal of their mutual cooperation. Inclusive involvement in the regular preschool system of upbringing and education has a big role for the development of the social competence of children with Down syndrome, which is stated in the paper trough the advantages and disadvantages of such involvement. The goal of the conducted research was to test the importance of the inclusive nursery for the development of social habits and skills of children with Down syndrome and to check the competence and the knowledge of the educators for working in a upbringing-educational group in which a child with a Down syndrome is included, or would be included, and their readiness for it. To make sure that the child's development is as big and successful as possible, it is important that the child gets the necessary attention, care and concern in the family, as well as from the educators and experts
The Study of Adsorption Kinetics of Flavan-3-Ols, Dihydrochalcones and Anthocyanins onto Barley Ī²-Glucan
Polyphenols can interact with dietary fibers and these interactions can affect polyphenols bioactivities. The interactions can be studied with the adsorption process, and adsorptions of flavan-3-ols (procyanidin B1, procyanidin B2), dihydrochalcones (phloretin, phloretin-2-glucoside), and anthocyanins (cyanidin-3-glucoside, cyanidin-3-galactoside) onto Ī²-D-glucan from barley were studied in this work. The intention was to reveal the kinetics of the adsorption process.
Adsorption was carried out using model solutions at room temperature. The results showed that in the flavan-3-ol group procyanidin B1 showed higher adsorption capacity than procyanidin B2. Phloretin showed a higher adsorption capacity than phloretin-2-glucoside in the dihydrochalcone group and anthocyanins showed similar adsorption capacities. Parameter k1 for all polyphenols was in the range from 0.30 hā1 to 0.93 hā1. Adsorption capacity qe for all polyphenols ranged from 2.90 mmol gā1 to 9.76 mmol gā1, parameter k2 was in the range 70ā
225 g molā1 hā1, and adsorption capacities qe ranged from 3.70 mmol gā1 to 9.90 mmol gā1
PHYSIOTHERAPEUTIC POSTURAL ASSESSMENT
RijeÄ postura ( položaj, stanje ) oznaÄava naÄin držanja tijela tj. suodnos dijelova tijela u odreÄenom vremenu i prostoru.
Zdrava posturalna pozicija podrazumijeva dobro položena i stabilna stopala i gležnjeve, dovoljnu pokretljivost koljena, zdjelice s kukovima, kralježnicu te dobru pokretljivost ramenog obruÄa i glave. Deformacijama posture smatramo sve ono Å”to naruÅ”ava pravilnu poziciju naÅ”eg tijela u bilo kojem položaju.
U mehanizmu održavanja pravilne posture sudjeluju miÅ”iÄi, zglobovi, ligamenti te posturalni refleksi kao neuromuskularna komponenta.
Idealna postura služi kao polaziÅ”na toÄka za procjenu svih odstupanja tj. služi za prepoznavanje nepravilne posture koja može biti funkcionalnog ili strukturalnog karaktera.
Kod djece nailazimo na probleme nepravilnog držanja veÄinom zbog osjetljivosti lokomotornog i živÄanog sustava koji se joÅ” razvija, dok je kod odraslih uglavnom problem naÄin života.
Postupci procjene posture obuhvaÄaju opservaciju statusa posture u stojeÄem, sjedeÄem i ležeÄem položaju, razne testove i metode procjene posture, procjenu miÅ”iÄne snage te procjenu razlike u duljini donjih ekstremiteta.
Sve postupke procjene nam olakŔava upotreba raznih pomagala i mjernih instrumenata.
Važnost održavanja pravilne posture je neupitna jer svaka neravnoteža posturalnog sustava može kompromitirati zdravstveni status osobe.Posture is a position of person's body and limbs.
Good posture requires a proper position of feet and anckles, optimal mobility of knees, pelvis, hips, spine, shoulder and head. Postural deformations are outcome of poor body positioning.
The mechanism of proper posture includes muscles, joints, ligaments and postural reflex ( neuromuscular component ).
Ideal posture is a starting line for every postural assessment. The main purpose of an postural assessment is to help to define poor posture, whether it is functional or structural.
Kids mostly develop poor posture because of their immature locomotore and nerve system, while postural problems in elderly adults are usually caused by their way of living.
Postural assessment involves postural observation while standing, sitting and lying, different kinds of tests and methods of evaluation, muscular strength assessment and assessment of lower limb length.
There are various aids and measurment tools that can be useful during the patient examination.
Proper posture is very important, beacuse every disbalance of postural system may lead to serious health problems
Development of Social Skills and Habits of Children With Down Syndrome
U radu je detaljno opisana razvojna teÅ”koÄa djece s Down sindromom. Stavljen je naglasak na obitelj, odgojitelje i struÄni tim u predÅ”kolskim odgojno-obrazovnim ustanovama u cilju njihove meÄusobne suradnje. Za razvoj socijalne kompetencije djece s Down sindromom veliku ulogu ima inkluzivno ukljuÄivanje u redoviti predÅ”kolski sustav odgoja i obrazovanja, Å”to se u radu navodi kroz prednosti i nedostatke takvog ukljuÄivanja. Cilj provedenoga istraživanja bio je ispitati važnost inkluzivnog vrtiÄa za razvoj socijalnih navika i vjeÅ”tina djece s Down sindromom te provjeriti kompetentnost i znanje odgojitelja za rad u odgojnoobrazovnoj skupini u kojoj je ukljuÄeno, ili bi bilo ukljuÄeno, dijete s Down sindromom te njihovu spremnost na to. Kako bi razvoj djeteta bio Å”to veÄi i uspjeÅ”niji važno mu je pružiti potrebnu pažnju, njegu i brigu kako u obitelji tako i od strane odgojitelja i struÄnjaka.The paper describes in detail the development difficulties that children with Down syndrome experience. It emphasises the family, the educators and the expert team in the preschool system of upbringing and education with the goal of their mutual cooperation. Inclusive involvement in the regular preschool system of upbringing and education has a big role for the development of the social competence of children with Down syndrome, which is stated in the paper trough the advantages and disadvantages of such involvement. The goal of the conducted research was to test the importance of the inclusive nursery for the development of social habits and skills of children with Down syndrome and to check the competence and the knowledge of the educators for working in a upbringing-educational group in which a child with a Down syndrome is included, or would be included, and their readiness for it. To make sure that the child's development is as big and successful as possible, it is important that the child gets the necessary attention, care and concern in the family, as well as from the educators and experts
Teachers in Inclusive Education
U obrazovnom smislu inkluzija se definira kao aktivno ukljuÄivanje
uÄenika s teÅ”koÄama u redovni nastavni proces (SubotiÄ, 2014). U tom
kontekstu uÄitelji predstavljaju najvažniju sponu izmeÄu uÄenika i
Å”kole kao institucije, stoga se upravo oni smatraju jednim od kljuÄnih
faktora prilagodbe uÄenika s teÅ”koÄama na pohaÄanje Å”kolskog
programa (RajoviÄ i JovanoviÄ, 2010). Cilj ovog rada ispitati je kako
uÄitelji iz Zadra percipiraju inkluziju djece s teÅ”koÄama, kako procjenjuju
vlastite kompetencije za taj oblik rada te s kojim se preprekama
susreÄu. U tu svrhu provedeno je pet polustrukturiranih intervjua s
uÄiteljima iz Zadra (OÅ Stanovi), nakon Äega su prikupljeni podatci
transkribirani i analizirani. UtvrÄeno je da uÄitelji vide inkluziju kao
obrazovnu praksu koja promiÄe toleranciju i suradniÄko ponaÅ”anje,
procjenjuju je profesionalnim izazovom, ali ujedno i naglaŔavaju potrebu
za profesionalnim usavrŔavanjem i stjecanjem dodatnih kompetencija.
Dodatno, uÄitelji su istaknuli važnost suradnje s asistentima,
struÄnim suradnicima i roditeljima kako bi inkluzija bila uspjeÅ”na,
dok su nedovoljnu podrŔku Ŕkolskog sustava (materijalne i financijske
resurse) prepoznali kao znaÄajnu prepreku u kvalitetnom radu.In the educational sense inclusion is defined as active inclusion of pupils
with disabilities in the regular teaching process (SubotiÄ, 2014).
In this context, teachers represent the most important bond between
students and the school as an institution, therefore they are considered
as one of the key factors in adapting children with disabilities to attend
the school program (RajoviÄ and JovanoviÄ, 2010). The aim of this
work was to examine how teachers from Zadar perceive the inclusion
of children with disabilities, how they perceive their own competences
for this form of work and what obstacles they encounter. For this
purpose, 5 semi-structured interviews were conducted with teachers
from Zadar (Primary school Stanovi), after which the collected data
were transcribed and analyzed. It was determined that teachers see
inclusion as an educational practice that promotes tolerance and cooperative
behavior, that they evaluate it as a professional challenge, but
at the same time emphasize the need for professional training and the
acquisition of additional competences. Moreover, teachers emphasized
the importance of cooperation with assistants, professional associates,
and parents in order to inclusion to be successful, while they recognized
insufficient support from the school system (material and financial resources)
as a significant barrier in the quality of work performance
Coating-Dependent Effects of Silver Nanoparticles on Tobacco Seed Germination and Early Growth
Silver nanoparticles, AgNPs, are used in a wide range of consumer products because of their excellent antimicrobial properties. AgNPs released into the environment are prone to transformations such as aggregation, oxidation, or dissolution so they are often stabilised by coatings that a ect their physico-chemical properties and change their e ect on living organisms. In this study we investigated the stability of polyvinylpyrrolidone PVP and cetyltrimethylammonium bromide CTAB coated AgNPs in an exposure medium, as well as their e ect on tobacco germination and early growth. AgNP-CTAB was found to be more stable in the solid Murashige and Skoog MS medium compared to AgNP-PVP. The uptake and accumulation of silver in seedlings was equally effcient after exposure to both types of AgNPs. However, AgNP-PVP induced only mild toxicity on seedlings growth, while AgNP-CTAB caused severe negative e ects on all parameters, even compared to AgNO3. Moreover, CTAB coating itself exerted negative e ects on growth. Cysteine addition generally alleviated AgNP-PVP-induced negative e ects, while it failed to improve germination and growth parameters after exposure to AgNP-CTAB. These results suggest that the toxic e ects of AgNP-PVP are mainly a consequence of release of Ag+ ions, while phytotoxicity of AgNP-CTAB can rather be ascribed to surface coating itself
Liability for damages of the sporting competition organizer
Sport je vrlo raÅ”irena i uznapredovala djelatnost koja zahvaÄa velik broj ljudi. Sportska natjecanja su sve posjeÄenija i popularnija. Rizik za nastankom Å”tete, sukladno tome, sve je veÄi. Na organizatorima sportskih natjecanja velika je odgovornost i oni su dužni obavljati svoje obaveze savjesno kako bi sprijeÄili nastanak moguÄih Å”teta. Zakon o sportu, iako opsežan, ne ureÄuje odgovornost za Å”tetu organizatora sportskih natjecanja pa se, stoga, primjenjuje Zakon o obveznim odnosima. Radom se navode situacije u kojima može doÄi do Å”tete koju uzrokuje organizator natjecanja, protupravnost Å”tetne radnje te kad se protupravnost iskljuÄuje, a napose se obraÄuje odgovornost organizatora sportskog natjecanja za nastale Å”tete, prema gledateljima i sportskim natjecateljima. Vezano za nastanak Å”tete, pa tako i eventualne zahtjeva za popravljanje istih, preporuÄa se sklapanje ugovora o osiguranju od odgovornosti organizatora sportskog natjecanja. Radom se navode sportska pravila kao vrlo važan izvor sportskog prava. Sportskim pravilima, koja ne donosi zakonodavna vlast, veÄ klubovi, savezi i drugi u samostalno ureÄenom postupku, ureÄuje se suÅ”tina svake sportske discipline. Sportska pravila Äak mogu derogirati zakonske propise Å”to ih Äini specifiÄnim autonomnim pravom. Ovim radom pomalo se kritizira takva važnost tih pravila, ne zbog njih samih, veÄ zbog nedostatne zakonske regulacije kojom se mora dati kvalitetan okvir njihovom donoÅ”enju i reguliranju vrlo bitnih i Äesto riziÄnih situacija
The Welcoming Museum: A Place of Integrative Practices
U 21. stoljeÄu, druÅ”tvo i muzeji prolaze kroz promjene koje od njih zahtijevaju transformaciju. Kroz preglede terminologije koja se koristi za izbjeglice i druge migrante, teorija i kritika integracije, integracijske politike Republike Hrvatske, ideja postkolonijalnog, participativnog, ukljuÄivog i konstitutivnog muzeja te dobrih praksi za rad s izbjeglicama i drugim migrantima istražuje se susret muzejske djelatnosti i rada s novim Älanovima druÅ”tva. Rad istražuje integracijske prakse u hrvatskim i europskim muzejima kroz participativno akcijsko istraživanje projekata āNikola Tesla. Migrant.ā i āMuzeji kao mjesta susreta i dijalogaā i komparativnu studiju sluÄaja koja obuhvaÄa projekte Multaka u Berlinu i Oxfordu, Muzeji kao arene integracije u Å vedskoj te Werksalon u Muzeju Van Abbe. Muzej dobrodoÅ”lice je muzej koji prihvaÄa i odražava vrijednost svih Älanova zajednice, globalan je i povezan, samokritiÄan, fleksibilan, dostupan, viÅ”ejeziÄan, ukljuÄiv i koristan.The 21st century brings change to both society and museums, forcing them to undergo transformation. The meeting of museum work and work with new members of society is researched based on reviews of terminology used for refugees and other migrants, theories and critical views of integration, integration policy of the Republic of Croatia, ideas of postcolonial, participatory, inclusive and constituent museum, and best practices for working with refugees and other migrants. This thesis explores integration practices in Croatian and European museums through participatory action research of projects āNikola Tesla. Migrant.ā and āMuseums as Places of Encounter and Dialogueā, and a comparative case study including the projects Multaka in Berlin and Oxford, Museums as arenas of integration in Sweden, and Werksalon in Van Abbe Museum. The welcoming museum is a museum that accepts and reflects the values of all the community members. It is global and connected, self-critical, flexible, accessible, multilingual, inclusive, and useful