Primeros datos sobre la fauna cavernícola terrestre de la cova des Pas de Vallgornera

[spa] Se dan a conocer los primeros resultados del muestreo de la fauna cavernícola terrestre, realizado en la Cova des Pas de Vallgornera. Entre éstos destacan: la primera cita para las islas Baleares del ácaro oribátido Atropacarus phyllophorus (Berlese, 1904), una primera cita para la isla de Mallorca del colémbolo Sinella (Coecobrya) tenebricosa Folsom, 1902, nuevos datos sobre la distribución de Neelus murinus Folsom,1896 en las islas Baleares, así como nuevas reseñas sobre la localización del polixénido endémico y troglobio Lophoproctus pagesi Condè, 1982 y también la segunda cita del dipluro Campodea subdives Silvestri, 1932, una especie mediterránea considerada como rara.[eng] We present the initial results of terrestrial cave fauna from Cova des Pas de Vallgornera. The results are: first appointment for the Balearic Islands of the oribatid mite Atropacarus phyllophorus (Berlese, 1904), first record of Sinella (Coecobrya) tenebricosa Folsom, 1902 (Collembola: Entomobryidae) from Mallorca Island, new data about the distribution of Neelus murinus Folsom, 1896 on the Balearic Islands, as well as a review on the distribution of the endemic and troglobious Polyxénida Lophoprocyus pagesi Condè, 1982. In addition, we present the second record in Spain of Campodea subdives Silvestre, 1932, a rare Mediterranean species of Diplura

Frente al espejo. Refelexiones acerca de la identidad: el concepto de sí mismo, el rostro y la cirugía estética

Se pretende reflexionar sobre los problemas referentes a la identidad que suscita el permanente e irreversible cambio que experimenta una persona que se somete a una intervención de cirugía estética, estableciendo un diálogo entre planteamientos artísticos y científicos.Pardo Mateu, ML. (2012). Frente al espejo. Refelexiones acerca de la identidad: el concepto de sí mismo, el rostro y la cirugía estética. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/27398.Archivo delegad

Persistent chest pain after recovery of COVID-19 : microvascular disease-related angina?

Altres ajuts: Fundació La MARATÓ de TV3 (201502, 201516) i AdvanceCat2014

Animal models to study the neurological manifestations of the post-COVID-19 condition

More than 40% of individuals infected by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) have experienced persistent or relapsing multi-systemic symptoms months after the onset of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). This post-COVID-19 condition (PCC) has debilitating effects on the daily life of patients and encompasses a broad spectrum of neurological and neuropsychiatric symptoms including olfactory and gustative impairment, difficulty with concentration and short-term memory, sleep disorders and depression. Animal models have been instrumental to understand acute COVID-19 and validate prophylactic and therapeutic interventions. Similarly, studies post-viral clearance in hamsters, mice and nonhuman primates inoculated with SARS-CoV-2 have been useful to unveil some of the aspects of PCC. Transcriptomic alterations in the central nervous system, persistent activation of immune cells and impaired hippocampal neurogenesis seem to have a critical role in the neurological manifestations observed in animal models infected with SARS-CoV-2. Interestingly, the proinflammatory transcriptomic profile observed in the central nervous system of SARS-CoV-2-inoculated mice partially overlaps with the pathological changes that affect microglia in humans during Alzheimer's disease and aging, suggesting shared mechanisms between these conditions. None of the currently available animal models fully replicates PCC in humans; therefore, multiple models, together with the fine-tuning of experimental conditions, will probably be needed to understand the mechanisms of PCC neurological symptoms. Moreover, given that the intrinsic characteristics of the new variants of concern and the immunological status of individuals might influence PCC manifestations, more studies are needed to explore the role of these factors and their combinations in PCC, adding further complexity to the design of experimental models. In this Perspective, the authors summarize the current knowledge on the post-COVID-19 condition, focusing on the neurological manifestations, and discuss the applicability of existing animal models to recapitulate human condition

Construcción de la Alianza Terapéutica en Terapia de Pareja para la Depresión

This article reports an analysis of the therapeutic alliance in two contrasting couple therapy cases for depression with different outcome in terms of depressive symptoms. The System for Observing Family Therapy Alliances (SOFTA-o) was used to analyze the therapeutic alliance established by all the participants, including clients but also therapists, during the first, sixth and last sessions of the treatment. The alliance is best assessed using micro-process analysis, allowing it to provide valuable information to the therapist on what is happening in treatment when a partner is suffering from depression. A collaborative alliance between both members is necessary in order for the therapist to establish a context of mutual support in which the couple is seen working collaboratively. Finally, there is discussion of the importance that the therapeutic alliance can make in couple therapy for depression, with mention also of the implications for research and for clinical practice. Este estudio se basa en el análisis comparativo de la alianza terapéutica en dos casos de terapia de pareja para la depresión con distinto resultado terapéutico, en términos de cambio sintomático. El Sistema para la Observación de la Alianza Terapéutica en Intervención Familiar (SOFTA-o) se utilizó para evaluar cómo la pareja establecía la alianza terapéutica con el terapeuta y, por el otro, como el terapeuta construyó la alianza terapéutica con la pareja en el proceso de terapia, durante la primera, sexta y última sesión del tratamiento. Se valoró la construcción de la alianza terapéutica mediante un análisis de micro proceso para proporcionar una información más exhaustiva sobre el transcurso de la terapia. Se considera de gran relevancia que el terapeuta fomente la creación de un contexto de soporte mutuo entre la pareja para que ésta trabaje en la terapia de un modo colaborativo. Finalmente, se discutesobre la importancia de la alianza terapéutica en terapia de pareja para la depresión, con unamención a las implicaciones que tiene este estudio en la investigación y en la práctica clínica

Constructing the therapeutic alliance in couple therapy: An illustrative case study with therapeutic management difficulties

Este estudio tiene como objetivo conocer cómo se construye y modula la alianza terapéutica en un caso de terapia de pareja que presentaba desde el inicio varios indicadores de dificultad de manejo terapéutico. A través del Sistema de Observación de la Alianza Terapéutica en Intervención Familiar (SOATIF-o) se analizó la evolución de cuatro dimensiones de la alianza terapéutica (Enganche en el Proceso Terapéutico, Conexión Emocional con el terapeuta, Seguridad en el Sistema Terapéutico y Sentido de Compartir el Propósito de la Terapia en la Familia) en la primera, tercera, y sexta sesión. Los resultados hallados muestran como de las cuatro dimensiones que mide el SOATIF-o, las dimensiones Seguridad en el Sistema Terapéutico y Sentido de Compartir el Propósito de la Terapia en la Familia fueron las que expresaron mejor las dificultades de construir una buena alianza terapéutica en las fases iniciales del tratamiento y resultaron ser las dos dimensiones más discriminativas para valorar la viabilidad y el pronóstico del tratamiento. En conclusión, este estudio permite conocer en profundidad cómo se construye la alianza terapéutica en un caso de terapia de pareja a lo largo del proceso psicoterapéutico.The purpose of this study is to learn how the therapeutic alliance is constructed and modulated in a case of couple therapy that presented different indicators of difficulties in the therapeutic management. With the support of the System for Observing Family Therapy Alliances (SOFTA-o) the evolution of four dimensions of the therapeutic alliance was analyzed (Engagement in the Therapeutic Process, Emotional Connection with the Therapist, Safety within the Therapeutic System, and Shared Sense of purpose within the Family) in the first, third and sixth sessions. The results showed how out of the four dimensions that the SOFTA-o measures, the Safety within the Therapeutic System, and Shared Sense of Purpose within the Family dimensions were the ones that better expressed the difficulties of building a satisfactory therapeutic alliance in the initial phases of treatment and resulted to be the two most discriminative dimensions to consider viability and prognosis of the treatment. In conclusion, this study has allowed analyzing in detail how the therapeutic alliance is built in a couple therapy case throughout the psychotherapeutic process

Long-term antibiotic therapy in patients with surgery-indicated not undergoing surgery infective endocarditis

Edocarditis infecciosa; Tractament antibiòtic supressiu; CirurgiaEndocarditis infecciosa; Tratamiento antibiótico supresor: CirugíaInfective endocarditis; Suppressive antibiotic treatment; SurgeryBackground: To date, there is little information regarding management of patients with infective endocarditis (IE) that did not undergo an indicated surgery. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate prognosis of these patients treated with a long-term antibiotic treatment strategy, including oral long term suppressive antibiotic treatment in five referral centres with a multidisciplinary endocarditis team. Methods: This retrospective, multicenter study retrieved individual patient-level data from five referral centres in Spain. Among a total of 1797, 32 consecutive patients with IE were examined (median age 72 years; 78% males) who had not undergone an indicated surgery, but received long-term antibiotic treatment (LTAT) and were followed by a multidisciplinary endocarditis team, between 2011 and 2019. Primary outcomes were infection relapse and mortality during follow-up. Results: Among 32 patients, 21 had IE associated with prostheses. Of the latter, 8 had an ascending aorta prosthetic graft. In 24 patients, a switch to long-term oral suppressive antibiotic treatment (LOSAT) was considered. The median duration of LOSAT was 277 days. Four patients experienced a relapse during follow-up. One patient died within 60 days, and 12 patients died between 60 days and 3 years. However, only 4 deaths were related to IE. Conclusions: The present study results suggest that a LTAT strategy, including LOSAT, might be considered for patients with IE that cannot undergo an indicated surgery. After hospitalization, they should be followed by a multidisciplinary endocarditis team.Antoni Bayes-Genis was supported by grants from the Ministerio de Educación y Ciencia (SAF2014–59892), Fundació La MARATÓ de TV3 (201502, 201516), CIBER Cardiovascular (CB16/11/00403), and AdvanceCat 2014. María Hernández Pérez is supported by a Juan Rodes research contract (JR17/00006) from Instituto de Salud Carlos III

Meningitis aguda bacteriana por Streptococcus agalactiae en un varón con otitis de repetición

Presentamos el caso de un paciente que desarrolló una meningitis aguda causada por Streptococcus agalactiae, microorganismo que es un habitual colonizador del tractogenitourinario y raramente está implicado en casos de meningitis.Palabra clave: meningitisDOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.17268/rmt.2019.v14i04.0

The impact of pipeline changes and temperature increase in a hospital historically colonised with Legionella

Healthcare-related Legionnaires' disease has a devastating impact on high risk patients, with a case fatality rate of 30-50%. Legionella prevention and control in hospitals is therefore crucial. To control Legionella water colonisation in a hospital setting we evaluated the effect of pipeline improvements and temperature increase, analysing 237 samples over a 2-year period (first year: 129, second year: 108). In the first year, 25.58% of samples were positive for Legionella and 16.67% for amoeba. Assessing the distance of the points analysed from the hot water tank, the most distal points presented higher proportion of Legionella colonisation and lower temperatures (nearest points: 6.4% colonised, and temperature 61.4 °C; most distal points: 50% and temperature 59.1 °C). After the first year, the hot water system was repaired and the temperature stabilised. This led to a dramatic reduction in Legionella colonisation, which was negative in all the samples analysed; however, amoeba colonisation remained stable. This study shows the importance of keeping the temperature stable throughout the circuit, at around 60 °C. Special attention should be paid to the most distal points of the circuit; a fall in temperature at these weak points would favour the colonisation and spread of Legionella, because amoeba (the main Legionella reservoir) are not affected by temperature

The burden of long COVID: a multinational cohort analysis of Spanish and UK data including SARS-CoV-2 infections, reinfections, and matched contemporaneous test negative controls

As limited data was available on the effect of persisting COVID-19 symptoms, we characterised long COVID and identified key symptoms associated with persistent disease. Using primary care data from Spain and UK, we estimated incidence rates of long COVID in the population and among COVID-19 patients over time. Subsequently, we investigated which WHO-listed symptoms were particularly differential for long COVID by comparing their frequency in COVID-19 patients vs matched test-negative controls. Lastly, we compared persistent symptoms after first infections vs. reinfections. Fortunately, the proportion of COVID-19 cases resulting in long COVID declined over the study period. Risk for altered smell/taste, dyspnoea, and fatigue were consistently higher in long COVID patient vs controls [RR between 5.97-1.09]. All persistent symptoms were less common after reinfection than first infection. More research is needed into the definition of long COVID, and the effect of interventions to minimise the risk and impact of persistent symptoms