The ISIS Project: Indications for Future Near-Earth Plasma Studies through Future Galileo Satellites

The Earth’s plasmasphere variability is a consequence of the Sun’s forcing, determining our planet’s space weather. Plasmaspheric dynamics could be entirely caught only by studying together global and local proxies of the state of this extended system. The ISIS project (Inter-Satellite & In Situ plasmaspheric monitoring and modelling) aimed to design a system for the continuous monitoring of the Earth’s plasmasphere based on the future Galileo satellites. The efforts and expertise of ISC-CNR (Institute for Complex Systems of the National Research Council of Italy), INGV (Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia) and TAS-I (Thales Alenia Space - Italy) were put together in this work of assessment. ISIS Team proposed new experimental facilities of the Galileo satellites, designed to realize inter-satellite and in situ measurements to monitor global and local quantities; in particular, a scalable system of Langmuir probes was suggested, while the TEC along all possible inter-satellite ray paths throughout the plasmasphere could be monitored via phase- and group-delay analysis of inter-satellite radio signals

The ISIS Project: Indications for Future Near-Earth Plasma Studies through Future Galileo Satellites

The Earth’s plasmasphere variability is a consequence of the Sun’s forcing, determining our planet’s space weather. Plasmaspheric dynamics could be entirely caught only by studying together global and local proxies of the state of this extended system. The ISIS project (Inter-Satellite & In Situ plasmaspheric monitoring and modelling) aimed to design a system for the continuous monitoring of the Earth’s plasmasphere based on the future Galileo satellites. The efforts and expertise of ISC-CNR (Institute for Complex Systems of the National Research Council of Italy), INGV (Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia) and TAS-I (Thales Alenia Space - Italy) were put together in this work of assessment. ISIS Team proposed new experimental facilities of the Galileo satellites, designed to realize inter-satellite and in situ measurements to monitor global and local quantities; in particular, a scalable system of Langmuir probes was suggested, while the TEC along all possible inter-satellite ray paths throughout the plasmasphere could be monitored via phase- and group-delay analysis of inter-satellite radio signals.Published1A. Geomagnetismo e Paleomagnetismo2A. Fisica dell'alta atmosferaN/A or not JCRope

The ISIS Project: Indications for Future Near-Earth Plasma Studies through Future Galileo Satellites

The Earth’s plasmasphere variability is a consequence of the Sun’s forcing, determining our planet’s space weather. Plasmaspheric dynamics could be entirely caught only by studying together global and local proxies of the state of this extended system. The ISIS project (Inter-Satellite & In Situ plasmaspheric monitoring and modelling) aimed to design a system for the continuous monitoring of the Earth’s plasmasphere based on the future Galileo satellites. The efforts and expertise of ISC-CNR (Institute for Complex Systems of the National Research Council of Italy), INGV (Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia) and TAS-I (Thales Alenia Space - Italy) were put together in this work of assessment. ISIS Team proposed new experimental facilities of the Galileo satellites, designed to realize inter-satellite and in situ measurements to monitor global and local quantities; in particular, a scalable system of Langmuir probes was suggested, while the TEC along all possible inter-satellite ray paths throughout the plasmasphere could be monitored via phase- and group-delay analysis of inter-satellite radio signals

Updated Italian recommendations for the diagnosis, treatment and follow-up of the first febrile urinary tract infection in young children

Aim: Our aim was to update the recommendations for the diagnosis, treatment and follow-up of the first febrile urinary tract infection in young children, which were endorsed in 2012 by the Italian Society of Pediatric Nephrology. Methods: The Italian recommendations were revised on the basis of a review of the literature published from 2012 to October 2018. We also carried out an ad hoc evaluation of the risk factors to identify children with high-grade vesicoureteral reflux or renal scarring, which were published in the previous recommendations. When evidence was not available, the working group held extensive discussions, during various meetings and through email exchanges. Results: Four major modifications have been introduced. The method for collecting urine for culture and its interpretation has been re-evaluated. We have reformulated the algorithm that guides clinical decisions to proceed with voiding cystourethrography. The suggested antibiotics have been revised, and we have recommended further restrictions of the use of antibiotic prophylaxis. Conclusion: These updated recommendations have now been endorsed by the Italian Society of Pediatric Nephrology and the Italian Society for Pediatric Infectivology. They can also be used to compare other recommendations that are available, as a worldwide consensus in this area is still lacking

Ionospheric scintillation monitoring and modelling

This paper presents a review of the ionospheric scintillation monitoring and modelling by the European groups involved in COST 296. Several of these groups have organized scintillation measurement campaigns at low and high latitudes. Some characteristic results obtained from the measured data are presented. The paper also addresses the modeling activities: four models, based on phase screen techniques, with different options and application domains are detailed. Finally some new trends for research topics are given. This includes the wavelet analysis, the high latitudes analysis, the construction of scintillation maps and the mitigation techniques