1,318 research outputs found
Diaspora, Développement et Citoyenneté: Les Migrants Originaires du Bassin du Fleuve Sénégal
The author analyses the contribution of the diaspora on the development of their locality
Gated networks: an inventory
Gated networks are networks that contain gating connections, in which the
outputs of at least two neurons are multiplied. Initially, gated networks were
used to learn relationships between two input sources, such as pixels from two
images. More recently, they have been applied to learning activity recognition
or multi-modal representations. The aims of this paper are threefold: 1) to
explain the basic computations in gated networks to the non-expert, while
adopting a standpoint that insists on their symmetric nature. 2) to serve as a
quick reference guide to the recent literature, by providing an inventory of
applications of these networks, as well as recent extensions to the basic
architecture. 3) to suggest future research directions and applications.Comment: Unpublished manuscript, 17 page
Aerosol deposition and origin in French mountains estimated with soil inventories of 210Pb and artificial radionuclides
Radionuclide inventories were measured in soils from different French mountainous areas: ChaĂźne des Puys (Massif Central), Eastern Corsica, Jura, Montagne Noire, Savoie, Vosges and Rhine Valley. 210Pb soil inventories were used to estimate long-term (>75 yr) deposition of submicron aerosols. Whereas 210Pb total deposition is explained partly by wet deposition, as demonstrated by increase of 210Pb inventory with annual rainfall; a part of 210Pb in the soils of higher altitude is caused by orographic depositions. Using measurements of radionuclides coming from nuclear aerial weapon tests (137Cs and Pu isotopes), we were able to estimate the origin of aerosols deposited in high-altitude sites and to confirm the importance of occult deposition and feederâseeder mechanism. Using a simple mass balance model, we estimate that occult deposition and feederâseeder mechanisms account to more than 50% of total deposition of 210Pb and associated submicron aerosols in French altitude sites
Logement et politique publique en Belgique
En Belgique, grĂące Ă un financement fĂ©dĂ©ral, un programme dâintervention â axĂ© sur les villes confrontĂ©es aux problĂšmes des quartiers en difficultĂ© â sâest mis en place. Entre 2005 et 2008, des contrats de ville et des contrats logement ont Ă©tĂ© conclus afin de permettre aux villes et communes de dĂ©finir un ensemble de projets contractualisĂ©s. AprĂšs avoir analysĂ© les orientations majeures des contrats logement, lâĂ©valuation cherche Ă en mesurer les effets tant au niveau de la visibilitĂ© quâĂ celui des difficultĂ©s rencontrĂ©es par le pilotage du programme. En conclusion, les auteurs soulignent les limites inhĂ©rentes Ă une politique qui reste sectorisĂ©e et qui, au-delĂ des appels Ă une politique de proximitĂ©, est rĂ©vĂ©latrice des dĂ©ficits organisationnels et dĂ©mocratiques dans la gestion urbaine.In Belgium, a development program to assist cities struggling with disadvantaged neighbourhoods was set up with the help of federal funding. Between 2005 and 2008, city contracts and housing contracts were entered into to allow cities and communes to define a range of projects that could be formalized by contract. After analysing the major policy orientations of the housing contracts, this assessment seeks to gauge their effects with respect to both visibility and the problems encountered by program management. In conclusion, we underscore the limits inherent in a policy that remains segmented by sector and that, besides prompting calls for a proximity policy, reveals organizational and democratic shortcomings in urban management
Experimental study of the turbulent structure of a boundary layer developing over a rough surface
National audienceNous avons analysĂ© les caractĂ©ristiques turbulentes de la couche limite neutre se dĂ©veloppant sur une surface rugueuse. Des expĂ©riences ont Ă©tĂ© rĂ©alisĂ©es dans un canal hydraulique pour mesurer les champs bidimensionnels de vitesse via la technique de Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV). Ces donnĂ©es expĂ©rimentales dĂ©crivent cette couche limite en termes de quantitĂ©s moyennes et turbulentes avec un haut niveau de prĂ©cision. Les termes des budgets d'Ă©nergie ont ainsi pu ĂȘtre estimĂ©s. Il apparait que le dĂ©veloppement de la couche limite rugueuse ne modifie pas significativement la rĂ©partition entre les termes constitutifs des diffĂ©rents bilans. Les Ă©chelles de longueurs intĂ©grales ont Ă©tĂ© estimĂ©es, de maniĂšre directe, Ă partir des corrĂ©lations spatiales. Ces Ă©chelles de longueurs verticales permettent alors de paramĂ©trer les longueurs de mĂ©lange et de dissipation, utilisĂ©es dans des modĂšles 1D de prĂ©diction. / We analysed the turbulent characteristics of the neutral boundary-layer developing over rough surfaces. A set of hydraulic flume experiments were carried out in order to measure two-dimensional velocity fields via a particle image velocimetry (PIV) technique. The resulting experimental data describe this boundary layer in terms of the mean and turbulent quantities with a high level of accuracy. These results enabled the terms of the energy budgets to be estimated and show that the development of the rough neutral boundary layer does not significantly modify the repartition between the constitutive terms of the different budget. Spatial correlation analysis permitted the longitudinal and vertical integral length also to be estimated directly. Theses vertical length scales are then used to parametrize the mixing and dissipative lengths, used in 1D prediction models
Feasibility algorithms for two pickup and delivery problems with transfers
International audienceThis presentation follows the PhD thesis of Renaud Masson [1] on the Pickup and Delivery Problem with Transfers (PDPT). The motivating application is a dial-a-ride problem in which a passenger may be transferred from the vehicle that picked him/her up to another vehicle at some predetermined location, called transfer point. Both the PDPT and the Dial-A-Ride Problem with Transfers (DARPT) were investigated. An adaptive large neighborhood search has been developed to solve the PDPT [2] and also adapted to the DARPT [3]. In both algorithms, multiple insertions of requests in routes are tested. E ciently evaluating their feasibility with respect to the temporal constraints of the problem is a key issue
Parallelization of a relaxation scheme modelling the bedload transport of sediments in shallow water flow
In this work we are interested in numerical simulations for bedload erosion
processes. We present a relaxation solver that we apply to moving dunes test
cases in one and two dimensions. In particular we retrieve the so-called
anti-dune process that is well described in the experiments. In order to be
able to run 2D test cases with reasonable CPU time, we also describe and apply
a parallelization procedure by using domain decomposition based on the
classical MPI library.Comment: 19 page
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