Urban Morphology, Environmental Performances & Energy Use: A Holistic Transformation Approach Applied to Block 39 in Belgrade (Serbia) Via IMM.

Cities are responsible up to 75% of energy consumptions and 80% of CO2 emissions and due to the fact that the correlation between urban morphology and environmental stewardship has become crystal clear.In this scenario is framed the case study of block 39 in Belgrade in which an innovative methodology, IMM (Integrated Modification Methodology), has been applied in order to transform an existing urban context into a more efficient and sustainable one. The presented case study in Belgrade aims to became a more general paradigm for similar condition in East Europe, defining integrated new strategies based on IMM methodology to retrofit and transform the energy dissipative existing neighborhood in more efficient, liveable and integrated urban system.The city is considered as a single complex entity composed by heterogeneous components connected each other. A strictly sectorial approach could result in neglecting mutual dependencies of these demands. Conversely, an integrated approach can help to sharpen a better comprehension of the different performances of different urban assessment. IMM methodology through Phasing Process shows how incorporating a wide range of issues makes it possible to improve the metabolism of the city as well as its energy performance

Sustainable urban morphology emergence via complexadaptive system analysis: Sustainable design in existing context

open2How to plan and design new elements in the city context in a way that the new elements improve the entire neighborhood energy performance and its sustainability is the main question to be discussed in this paper. In order to achieve this goal, I will investigate different urban morphological factors which have great influence on energy consumption of the city as a single entity and this investigation will be based on complexity analysis. In this analysis, the urban morphology is considered as the microscopic emergence of the city element’s transformation in time. Much research has been carried out regarding sustainable buildings and the energy performance of single edifices; however there are few studies which have been carried out with consideration of the cities as a single unit. Ultimately, the aim of this paper is to elucidate a novel method to design a new urban element, architectural project for instance, towards achieving a sustainable urban form.openM.Tadi; S. Vahabzadeh ManeshTadi, Massimo; VAHABZADEH MANESH, Shahroo

TRANSFORMATION OF AN URBAN COMPLEX SYSTEM INTO A MORE SUSTAINABLE FORM VIA INTEGRATED MODIFICATION METHODOLOGY (IMM)

Cities are energy-using systems in their own right; they consume energy in varying level of efficiency. A city’s form can have a tremendous effect on its energy consumption, as well as its environmental performance. There has been much research and discussion regarding which urban form is sustainable, but lack of constructive methods to improve upon their existing environmental performance. This paper explicates a possible method of sustainable urban transformation design principles. The methodology aims to reform an existing urban assessment into a more sustainable form, regardless to its present form and performance. The research demonstrates how one can transform a city into a lower energy consumption system, using the Integrated Modification Methodology (IMM). In this approach, the city is considered as a single entity, a Complex Adaptive System; accordingly, the sustainable urban form emerges through modification of its elements and integration of its subsystems over time

Integrated sustainable urban design: neighbourhood design proceeded by sustainable urban morphology emergence

More than three-fourths of the world’s population lives and works within cities, where up to 80% of all available energy is consumed and over half of greenhouse gas emissions are created. In this complex condition, sustainable urban development could deal with both urban growth demands as well as environmental concerns. Regarding awareness of the population distribution as it affects energy consumption, this paper sketches out the relationships between urban morphology and energy consumption, providing some new basic design principles to re-shape urban assessment, as well as to design new sustainable neighborhoods as an integrated part of the city. Our research applies a specific as well as an innovative approach based on a holistic methodology with the consideration of the city as a complex adaptive system with the ability to learn from past encountered conditions. Hence, considering that the energy consumption of the city is not the sum of all its buildings’ consumption, and the final emergence of the system is completely different than the individual element’s performance, is the main premise of the research. Accordingly, the paper illustrates a simulative method, based on mentioned methodology of complexity, for one whom deals with the sustainable neighborhood designs and urban transformations. The research is not suggesting a unique solution for different contexts, but rather investigating how to control the urban transformation process to achieve a sustainable form

Towards a knowledge‑hub destination: analysis and recommendation for implementing TOD for Qatar national library metro station

During the past two decades, Qatar, a developing country, has invested heavily in infrastructure development to address several challenges caused by the rapid urbanization. Qatar has made a significant step toward its urban sustainability vision through the construction of the Doha Metro system. By adopting Transit-Oriented Development (TOD), Qatar is overcoming some urban challenges. TOD promotes compact, walkable, and mixed-use development around the transit nodes, which enhances the public realm through providing pedestrian-oriented and active spaces. Additionally, Qatar aims to transfer to a knowledge-based economy through developing an environment that will attract knowledge and creative human power. Qatar Foundation is taking the lead toward implementing a Knowledge-Based Urban Development (KBUD) through its flagship project: Education City (EC). This study aims therefore to evaluate the integration of TOD and KBUD strategies to leverage the potential of TOD in attracting knowledge and creative economy industries. The selected case study is Qatar National Library (QNL) metro station at the EC in Doha. The study examines the potential of QNL as a destination TOD to enhance the area’s mission as a driver for a knowledge-based economy. The methodological approach is based on the analytical concepts obtained from the Integrated Modification Methodology as a sustainable urban design process. The study’s results revealed that void and function, followed by volume, are the weakest layers of the study area’s Complex Adaptive System which require morphological modification to achieve sustainability and a knowledge-hub TOD. The study offers recommendations to assist planners and designers in making better decisions toward regenerating urban areas through a knowledge-hub TOD contributing to the spill out of knowledge and creativity into the public realm creating a human-centric vibrant public space adjacent to metro stations

Urban Morphology, Environmental Performances & Energy Use: A Holistic Transformation Approach Applied to Block 39 in Belgrade (Serbia) Via IMM

Cities are responsible up to 75% of energy consumptions and 80% of CO2 emissions and due to the fact that the correlation between urban morphology and environmental stewardship has become crystal clear.In this scenario is framed the case study of block 39 in Belgrade in which an innovative methodology, IMM (Integrated Modification Methodology), has been applied in order to transform an existing urban context into a more efficient and sustainable one. The presented case study in Belgrade aims to became a more general paradigm for similar condition in East Europe, defining integrated new strategies based on IMM methodology to retrofit and transform the energy dissipative existing neighborhood in more efficient, liveable and integrated urban system.The city is considered as a single complex entity composed by heterogeneous components connected each other. A strictly sectorial approach could result in neglecting mutual dependencies of these demands. Conversely, an integrated approach can help to sharpen a better comprehension of the different performances of different urban assessment. IMM methodology through Phasing Process shows how incorporating a wide range of issues makes it possible to improve the metabolism of the city as well as its energy performance

Urban Morphology, Environmental Performances, and Energy Use: Neighborhood transformation in Rio de Janeiro via IMM.

Nowadays the environmental ramifications of urban development have become crystal clear. Subsequently, the main headline is how one should implement practical methods to tackle urban growth and environmental issues simultaneously. How should one integrate urbanization and the issue of saving natural resources? How design strategies could contribute to climate mitigation and emission reduction? Is urban morphology correlated with these issues? And eventually, how can the urban transformation be performed, retrofitted and monitored in order to achieve a more sustainable result? A strictly sectorial approach could result in neglecting mutual dependencies of these demands. Conversely, an integrated approach can help to sharpen a better comprehension of the different performances of different urban assessment. IMM, Integrated Modification Methodology, is a multi-stage, iterative process, applied to urban complex systems, for improving the metabolism of the city as well as its energy performance. The method has been depicted through prior publications by the authors; hence, the current paper solely focuses on one stage of the multi-stage IMM method. Due to the fact that the majority of predicted urban growth will occur in megacities of developing countries, totalling 5% of the earth population, the article presents a case study Janeiro using the IMM method to propose urban improvements on the megacity of Rio de Janeiro

Open Data Addressing Challenges Associated with Informal Settlements in the Global South

The United Nations estimates that 3 billion people living in urban contexts will need adequate and affordable housing by 2030. We urgently need alternative perspectives and methodologies for urban development that are environmentally sustainable and inclusive of the local community. This chapter illustrates the design and results of projects carried out by YouthMappers in Rwanda, Italy, and Kenya, focused on informal settlements in the Global South and the value of geospatial data for addressing SDG 1 No Poverty and SDG 11 Sustainable Cities and Communities

Environmental Performance and Social Inclusion: a Project for the Rocinha Favela in Rio de Janeiro

Rocinha, located in the city of Rio de Janeiro, is one the largest favela of Latin-America. Founded in the early 1930’s it is now home of more than 160000 inhabitants, and it is characterized by low water quality, poor housing, lack of drainage and sanitation systems, and of green and public spaces. This paper presents the preliminary results of a joint research project between the Politecnico di Milano and the Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ) for the improvement of the urban quality, health, livability and inclusiveness of Rocinha, that moves from an upgrading process of the environmental performance of the existing built environment. The project, in the frame the social responsibility program of Politecnico di Milano (Polisocial), is based on a multidisciplinary and integrated design methodology named IMM (Integrated Modification Methodology). The research aims to demonstrate that in a planet where the informal settlements are exponentially growing, strategies to improve the quality of life of their inhabitants are possible, and preliminary results, mostly achieved in the diagnostic phase of the process, are presented. Rocinha is seen as a complex system that has been investigated in its own morphological structure and the related environmental performance, focusing on: climate and energy, ecosystem services, waste management and their relation with urban morphology. This phase opens up to the next phases, specifically the intervention and retrofitting, that intend to select intervention areas and priorities and then to objectively size the implementation in Rocinha

Prediction of early recurrent thromboembolic event and major bleeding in patients with acute stroke and atrial fibrillation by a risk stratification schema: the ALESSA score study

Background and Purposes—This study was designed to derive and validate a score to predict early ischemic events and major bleedings after an acute ischemic stroke in patients with atrial fibrillation. Methods—The derivation cohort consisted of 854 patients with acute ischemic stroke and atrial fibrillation included in prospective series between January 2012 and March 2014. Older age (hazard ratio 1.06 for each additional year; 95% confidence interval, 1.00–1.11) and severe atrial enlargement (hazard ratio, 2.05; 95% confidence interval, 1.08–2.87) were predictors for ischemic outcome events (stroke, transient ischemic attack, and systemic embolism) at 90 days from acute stroke. Small lesions (≤1.5 cm) were inversely correlated with both major bleeding (hazard ratio, 0.39; P=0.03) and ischemic outcome events (hazard ratio, 0.55; 95% confidence interval, 0.30–1.00). We assigned to age ≥80 years 2 points and between 70 and 79 years 1 point; ischemic index lesion >1.5 cm, 1 point; severe atrial enlargement, 1 point (ALESSA score). A logistic regression with the receiver-operating characteristic graph procedure (C statistic) showed an area under the curve of 0.697 (0.632–0.763; P=0.0001) for ischemic outcome events and 0.585 (0.493–0.678; P=0.10) for major bleedings. Results—The validation cohort consisted of 994 patients included in prospective series between April 2014 and June 2016. Logistic regression with the receiver-operating characteristic graph procedure showed an area under the curve of 0.646 (0.529–0.763; P=0.009) for ischemic outcome events and 0.407 (0.275–0.540; P=0.14) for hemorrhagic outcome events. Conclusions—In acute stroke patients with atrial fibrillation, high ALESSA scores were associated with a high risk of ischemic events but not of major bleedings