188 research outputs found
Novel Solution- and Solid-Phase Strategies for the Parallel and Combinatorial Synthesis of Small-Molecular-Weight Compound Libraries
In this account dedicated to '100 years Roche' in CHIMIA, we present some of our strategies towards the synthesis of interesting novel amino-acid-derived building blocks; multigeneration synthesis of thiazole libraries in solution; a novel solid-phase approach towards highly substituted pyrimidines using a novel safety-catch linker principle and a multidirectional cleavage procedure; a versatile solid-phase synthesis of quinazolones taking advantage of the Staudinger phosphorylimine chemistry combined with a novel cyclization and cleavage strategy, and finally a novel solid-phase diketopiperazine synthesis combining the Ugi four-component reaction with a final ring-forming cleavage step
MAPPING OF CHROMITE OCCURRENCE IN A META-ULTRAMAFIC COMPLEX BY MAGNETOMETRIC PROSPECTING, SUL-RIOGRANDENSE SHIELD (SOUTHERN BRAZIL): Mapeamento de ocorrência de cromita em complexo metaultramáfico por meio de prospecção magnetométrica, Escudo Sul-Riograndense (Sul do Brasil)
This study presents the use of terrestrial magnetometry method in the characterization of a metamorphic and chromium-mineralized ultramafic body in the São Sepé region (RS). Several serpentinite exposures were recognized in the study area, characterized by a very evident schistosity marked by amphiboles and micas. The most preserved rocks are gray to dark green in color, silky to the touch and with folds and variable fracturing. The chromite present in serpentinites is associated with magnetite, and occurs in the form of small lenses. 1677 reading lines were made perpendicular to the main direction of the meta-ultramafic body, with 25m spacing between measurement points. The magnetometric maps revealed high-intensity anomalies related to meta-ultramafic rocks. 1677 reading lines were made perpendicular to the main direction of the meta-ultramafic body, with 25m spacing between measurement points. The magnetometric maps revealed high-intensity anomalies related to meta-ultramafic rocks. The results revealed the existence of highly magnetic individualized lenses orientated according to NE / SW, related to regional deformation events, with remobilization and mineral reconcentration. The direct relationship between high magnetization and chromite/ferro-chromite concentrations allows relatively detailed mapping of potentially mineralized areas, revealing dimensions more significant than the limits of the meta-ultramafic sequence defined in the geological map. The results indicate that the analytical signal amplitude map is a highly recommended product for planning sampling actions and reserve quantification, improving classical geological mapping.ABSTRACT - This study presents the use of terrestrial magnetometry method in the characterization of a metamorphic and chromium-mineralized ultramafic rocks in the São Sepé region (RS). The most preserved rocks are gray to dark green serpentinites and occasionally magnesian schists with folds and variable fracturing that occur as a lenticular body enclosed within the host meta-volcano-sedimentary rocks. The chromite present in serpentinites is associated with magnetite and occurs in the form of small lenses. 1677 reading lines were made perpendicular to the main direction of the meta-ultramafic rock, with 25m spacing between measurement points. The magnetometric maps revealed high-intensity anomalies related to meta-ultramafic rocks. The results revealed the existence of highly magnetic individualized lenses orientated according to NE/SW. The direct relationship between high magnetization and chromite/ferro-chromite concentrations allows relatively detailed mapping of potentially mineralized areas, revealing dimensions more significant than the limits of the meta-ultramafic sequence defined in the geological map. The results indicate that the analytical signal amplitude map is a highly recommended product for planning sampling actions and reserve quantification, improving classical geological mapping.
Keywords: Mineral research. Chrome. Meta-ultramafic. Magnetometry. Analytical signal amplitude.
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RESUMO - Este estudo apresenta a utilização do método de magnetometria terrestre na caracterização de rochas ultramáficas metamórficas e mineralizadas com cromo na região de São Sepé (RS). As rochas mais preservadas são serpentinitos cinzentos a verde-escuros e ocasionalmente xistos magnesianos com dobras e fraturamento variável, que ocorrem como um corpo lenticular contido em rochas meta-vulcano sedimentares hospedeiras. A cromita presente nas serpentinitas está associada à magnetita e ocorre na forma de pequenas lentes. Foram feitas 1.677 linhas de leitura perpendiculares à direção principal da rocha meta-ultramáfica, com espaçamento de 25m entre os pontos de medição. Os mapas magnetométricos revelaram anomalias de alta intensidade relacionadas à s rochas meta-ultramáficas. Os resultados revelaram a existência de lentes individualizadas altamente magnéticas orientadas conforme NE/SW. A relação direta entre a elevada magnetização e as concentrações de cromita/ferrocromita permite um mapeamento relativamente detalhado de áreas potencialmente mineralizadas, revelando dimensões mais significativas que os limites da sequência meta-ultramáfica definida no mapa geológico. Os resultados indicam que o mapa analÃtico de amplitude de sinal é um produto altamente recomendado para planejamento de ações de amostragem e quantificação de reservas, melhorando o mapeamento geológico clássico.
Palavras-chave: Pesquisa mineral. Cromo. Meta-ultramáfica. Magnetometria. Amplitude do sinal analÃtico
Titaniferous magnetite and barite from the san gregorio de polanco dike swarm, paraná magmatic province, uruguay
The San Gregorio de Polanco Dike Swarm (Tacuarembó Department, Uruguay) is the southernmost set of dikes in the Paraná Magmatic Province of Uruguay. Five major dikes have been identified with two main structural trends: N140º–N170º and N50º–N80º. The dikes have tholeiitic affinities and are composed of plagioclase (An55), augite and augite-pigeonite, relicts of olivine and opaque minerals. These rocks have high contents of Fe–Ti oxides (titanomagnetites), the mineralogical and textural characteristics of which have been studied using scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive spectrometry techniques (SEM – EDS). These features, along with other mineralogical and textural relationships, have been used to propose the following crystallization sequence for the dikes: (i) crystallization of olivine, plagioclase and Ca-rich pyroxene phenocrysts; (ii) precipitation of the first population of Ti-magnetite; (iii) crystallization of plagioclase and pyroxene in the groundmass; (iv) partial dissolution of Ti-magnetite by reaction with magmatic fluids; (v) crystallization of the second population of Ti-magnetite and finally, (vi) crystallization of interstitial barite. ResumenEl Haz de Diques de San Gregorio de Polanco (Departamento de Tacuarembó, Uruguay) es la ocurrencia más meridional de diques pertenecientes a la Provincia Magmática Paraná en Uruguay. Fueron identificados cinco 5 diques principales con dos direcciones estructurales principales: N140º - N170º y N50º - N80º, respectivamente. Son diques de afinidad tholeÃtica compuestos por plagioclasa (An55), augita y augita-pigeonita, relictos de olivina y minerales opacos. Estos diques se caracterizan por el alto contenido de óxidos de Fe y Ti (titanomagnetitas), cuyas caracterÃsticas mineralógicas y texturales fueron estudiadas con microscopio electrónico de barrido y espectrometrÃa de energÃa dispersiva (SEM-EDS), incluyendo mapeos composicionales. Estas caracterÃsticas junto con otras relaciones mineralógico-texturales presentes en estas rocas permitieron proponer la siguiente secuencia de cristalización: (i) cristalización de fenocristales de olivina, plagioclasa y piroxenos cálcicos; (ii) precipitación de una primera población de titanomagnetita, (iii) cristalización de plagioclasa y piroxenos conformando la matriz; (iv) disolución parcial de la primera población de titanomagnetitas por reacción con fluidos magmáticos; (v) cristalización de la segunda población de titanomagnetitas y finalmente, (vi) cristalización de barita intersticial
Historia de la geologÃa precámbrica del Uruguay: Revisión de las divisiones estructurales, tectoestratigráficas sus lÃmites y nomenclaturas
En este trabajo presentamos una revisión histórica de la evolución del conocimiento geológico en Uruguay, y particularmente, de las divisiones estructurales precámbricas del territorio nacional. Mostramos su relación contextualizada para cada etapa de la evolución de las teorÃas y técnicas experimentales regionales y globales. Las divisiones del precámbrico uruguayo comenzaron siendo litológicas según el grado de metamorfismo al que se asociaban. En la década de 1970, la caracterización de las unidades de la región siguió un esquema geocronológico en base a ciclos orogénicos y macizos cristalinos en el marco de la TeorÃa Geosinclinal. Sólo más tarde, en la década de l980, con el establecimiento y refinamiento de la TeorÃa de la Tectónica de Placas, comenzaron a dividirse las unidades siguiendo el concepto de cratón y posteriormente, en los 90, según el concepto tectónico de terreno. AsÃ, se establecieron nuevas subdivisiones estructurales que son, de Oeste a Este: el Terreno Piedra Alta, el Terreno Nico Pérez y el Cinturón Dom Feliciano o Cinturón Cuchilla Dionisio y las unidades antagónicas: Terreno Cuchilla Dionisio y Terreno Punta del Este. Sin embargo, cada una de estas unidades presenta sus controversias y divergencias, ya sea en su definición, su nomenclatura o sus lÃmites y se encuentra en constante evolución en la actualidad, entorpeciendo a veces la comprensión de la evolución geológica regional y la ubicación de yacimientos energéticos y minerales. En este trabajo buscamos presentar una revisión bibliográfica sólida para el fundamental entendimiento de los esquemas estructurales y dilucidar las controversias y divergencias de los modelos de evolución geológica del Uruguay actual.Fil: Núñez Demarco, Pablo Andrés. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientÃficas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Ciudad Universitaria. Instituto de Geociencias Básicas, Aplicadas y Ambientales de Buenos Aires. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Geociencias Básicas, Aplicadas y Ambientales de Buenos Aires; Argentina. Universidad de la República. Facultad de Ciencias; Uruguay. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Departamento de Ciencias Geológicas; ArgentinaFil: Masquelin, Henri. Universidad de la República. Facultad de Ciencias; UruguayFil: Bettucci Sanchez, Leda. Universidad de la República. Facultad de Ciencias; Urugua
Formación Polanco: PetrografÃa, estructura y metamorfismo en la región de Polanco-manguera azul
La zona de Polanco-Manguera Azul, abarcada dentro de la faja de esquistos del Cinturón Dom Feliciano posee una asociación litológica conformada cominantemente por mármoles calciticos, subordinadamente dolomÃticos, e intercalaciones de calcoesquistos, metaconglomerados, cuarcitas, BIF y micaesquistos. Al estudiarse en detalle los mármoles y particularmente los calcoesquistos, se encuentra que los mismos poseen una asociación mineral dada por Cal+Qtz+Ab+Tr+Phl+Ep+Op, coherente con la facies esquisto verde superior (450-500 °C y 200-600 MPa), asà como microestructuras coherentes con ese grado. La estructura de la región, con rumbos dominantemente E-O de la superficie principal (S1), junto con las relaciones de esta con los cuerpos granÃticos y las trasnscurrencias de la zona, señalan que dicha área se encontraba operando como un dominio de baja deformación durante el Brasiliano.The Polanco-Manguera Azul region, comprised within the schist belt of the Dom Feliciano Belt, has a lithological association mainly composed of calcitic and dolomitic marbles, with intercalations of calc-schists, metaconglomerates, quartzites, BIF and micaschists. Studying in detail the marbles and particularly the calc-schists, it is found that they have a mineral association given by Cal+Qtz+Ab+Tr+Phl+Ep+Op, consistent with the upper green schist facies (450-500 °C and 200-600 MPa), as well as coherent microstructures. The structure of the region, with main EW strikes of S1, together with the relationships with the granitic bodies and the shear zones of the region, indicate that this area was operating as a low strain domain during the Brasiliano orogeny.Fil: Silva Lara, Hernan. Universidad de la República. Facultad de Ciencias; UruguayFil: Masquelin, H.. Universidad de la República. Facultad de Ciencias; UruguayFil: Núñez Demarco, Pablo Andrés. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientÃficas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Ciudad Universitaria. Instituto de Geociencias Básicas, Aplicadas y Ambientales de Buenos Aires. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Geociencias Básicas, Aplicadas y Ambientales de Buenos Aires; Argentina. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Departamento de Ciencias Geológicas; Argentina. Universidad de la República. Facultad de Ciencias; Urugua
Historia de la GeologÃa Precámbrica de Uruguay: Unidades del Cinturón Dom Feliciano y su basamento
La existencia de dos modelos tectonoestratigráficos para el Uruguay hagenerado múltiples confusiones estratigráficas en las interpretaciones regionales. Ambos modelos implican interpretaciones estratigráficas diferentes e incluso interpretaciones geológicas diferentes. Más aún, cada unidad incluida en el Cinturón Dom Feliciano en Uruguay no solo presenta controversias en su definición, su nomenclatura o sus lÃmites, sino que presenta múltiples versiones alternativas. Esto ha dado lugar a las más diversas propuestas estratigráficas y ha entorpecido, la comprensión de la evolución geológica regional, asà como la ubicación de recursos minerales de interés económico.En este trabajo se busca realizar una revisión de las distintas unidadeslitoestratigráficas que componen al Cinturón Dom Feliciano y sus modelos alternativos, detallando su historia, y las controversias a las que están sujetas, de forma de lograr un entendimiento más cabal de las diversas propuestas estratigráficas del Uruguay.Fil: Núñez Demarco, Pablo Andrés. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientÃficas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Ciudad Universitaria. Instituto de Geociencias Básicas, Aplicadas y Ambientales de Buenos Aires. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Geociencias Básicas, Aplicadas y Ambientales de Buenos Aires; Argentina. Universidad de la República; UruguayFil: Masquelin, Henri. Universidad de la República; UruguayFil: Loureiro, Judith. Dirección Nacional de MinerÃa y GeologÃa; UruguayFil: Prezzi, Claudia Beatriz. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientÃficas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Ciudad Universitaria. Instituto de Geociencias Básicas, Aplicadas y Ambientales de Buenos Aires. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Geociencias Básicas, Aplicadas y Ambientales de Buenos Aires; ArgentinaFil: Sánchez Bettucci, Leda. Dirección Nacional de MinerÃa y GeologÃa, Montevideo; Uruguay. Universidad de la República; Urugua
2-((1 E
In the title compound, C22H19N4S+·Br−·H2O, the dihedral angles between the phenyl groups and the mean plane of the thiazolylidene ring are 34.69 (13) and 64.27 (13)°, respectively, while that between the thiazolylidene and pyridinium rings is 14.73 (13)°. In the crystal, zigzag chains of alternating bromide ions and water molecules associate through O—H...Br interactions run in channels approximately parallel to the b axis. These chains help form parallel chains of cations through N—H...O, C—H...N and C—H...Br hydrogen bonds
Identification of Morpholino Thiophenes as Novel Mycobacterium tuberculosis Inhibitors, Targeting QcrB
With
the emergence of multidrug-resistant strains of <i>Mycobacterium
tuberculosis</i> there is a pressing need for new oral drugs
with novel mechanisms of action. Herein, we describe the identification
of a novel morpholino–thiophenes (MOT) series following phenotypic
screening of the Eli Lilly corporate library against <i>M. tuberculosis</i> strain H37Rv. The design, synthesis, and structure–activity
relationships of a range of analogues around the confirmed actives
are described. Optimized leads with potent whole cell activity against
H37Rv, no cytotoxicity flags, and in vivo efficacy in an acute murine
model of infection are described. Mode-of-action studies suggest that
the novel scaffold targets QcrB, a subunit of the menaquinol cytochrome <i>c</i> oxidoreductase, part of the bc1-aa3-type cytochrome <i>c</i> oxidase complex that is responsible for driving oxygen-dependent
respiration
A high-throughput screen against pantothenate synthetase (PanC) identifies 3-biphenyl-4-cyanopyrrole-2-carboxylic acids as a new class of inhibitor with activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis
The enzyme pantothenate synthetase, PanC, is an attractive drug target in Mycobacterium tuberculosis . It is essential for the in vitro growth of M. tuberculosis and for survival of the bacteria in the mouse model of infection. PanC is absent from mammals. We developed an enzyme-based assay to identify inhibitors of PanC, optimized it for high-throughput screening, and tested a large and diverse library of compounds for activity. Two compounds belonging to the same chemical class of 3-biphenyl-4- cyanopyrrole-2-carboxylic acids had activity against the purified recombinant protein, and also inhibited growth of live M. tuberculosis in manner consistent with PanC inhibition. Thus we have identified a new class of PanC inhibitors with whole cell activity that can be further developed
Provenance of metasedimentary rocks of the western Dom Feliciano Belt in Uruguay: Insights from U–Pb detrital zircon geochronology, Hf and Nd model ages, and geochemical data
New isotopic and geochemical data for the Paleo- Meso- and Neoproterozoic metasedimentary cover of the southern Dom Feliciano Belt (Brasiliano/Pan-African) are presented and evaluated combined with published information. Whole-rock major and trace element geochemistry indicates that the dominant source for all the units had a composition similar to average upper continental crust. The geochemistry is similar even for late Ediacaran successions with a source component from slightly older Ediacaran granites, due to the crustal origin of these granites. Age constraints based on detrital zircon, fossil content, interbedded volcanic rocks and isotope geochemistry confirm Paleo-, Meso-, and Neoproterozoic successions, despite uncertainties remain in some cases. Detrital zircon data show the dominance of Archean (3.3–2.8 Ga) to Paleoproterozoic (2.2–1.9 Ga), and subordinated Mesoproterozoic (1.5–1.3 and 1.1 Ga) and Neoproterozoic (0.5–0.6 Ga) ages. Lu–Hf zircon and Sm–Nd whole-rock model ages confirm that the Archean and the Paleoproterozoic were the major crustal growth periods for the source areas. U–Pb detrital zircon age distributions and model ages demonstrate that the Nico Pérez Terrane and not the RÃo de la Plata Craton was the source for most metasedimentary rocks of the western Dom Feliciano Belt. Likewise, comparison of Archean, Paleo-, Meso- and Neoproterozoic events supports that the Nico Pérez Terrane could represent a fragment of the Congo Craton
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