Living fossil

Living Fossil is a series of still lifes and portraits exploring the language of photography with curiosity and play, formal vision and descriptive candor. It looks at the speculative of materiality and spectacle in image making. This series prescribes new functionality to familiar subjects, challenging a viewer\u27s perceptions of scale, time, significance and artfulness. The photographs document improvised temporal combinations in the construction of narrative and visual puns. Depicting the ordinary in an unfamiliar way, this series looks for beauty in indeterminacy and moments of personal catharsis in the absurd

Thule

Numerous place names in Greenland are beset with some confusion, and Thule is possibly the most nonspecific of them all. An attempt has been made in the following paper, therefore, to set out some of the various meanings which have been attached to the word

Investigation of the use of complementary and alternative veterinary medicine for horses in Sweden

Behandlingsmetoder som ligger utanför den etablerade veterinära skolmedicinen kallas ofta för komplementär och alternativ veterinärmedicin (KAVM). Metoderna är många och en del befinner sig långt från skolmedicinen medan andra är på gränsen till att vara skolmedicinska. Internationella studier har visat att KAVM används i stor utsträckning vid behandling av hästar, främst vid behandling av ryggproblem. I många fall är en KAVM-terapeut den initiala kontakten för behandling när djurägaren misstänker ryggproblem hos sin häst. Det kan anses problematiskt då hästar med ryggproblem i många fall även är halta och tiden innan hältan behandlas förlängs om behandlaren endast tar itu med ryggproblemet. På humansidan används komplementär och alternativ medicin (KAM) av många i förebyggande syfte. De som söker sig till KAM vill få ett helhetstänk vid behandlingen och minimera användandet av konventionell medicin. Syftet med detta arbete är att kartlägga användandet av KAVM för hästar i Sverige. Via en enkätstudie undersöktes vilka metoder som används av hästägare, veterinärer och de terapeuter som utför behandlingarna. Även samarbetet mellan veterinärer och terapeuterna undersöktes. Resultatet visar att så många som 90% av de svarande hästägarna använder sig av KAVM i förebyggande syfte och 85 % i rehabiliterande syfte efter skada (n=204). En KAVM-terapeut är den initiala kontakten för behandling vid misstanke om ryggproblem hos hästen för 52% av de svarande och vid misstanke om hälta för 15 % av de svarande (n=204). De vanligaste metoderna som används är massage, stretching och kiropraktik. En del av de svarande veterinärerna har vidareutbildat sig inom KAVM efter veterinärexamen. Dessa personer träffar fler patienter med problem i rörelseapparaten per vecka än de svarande som inte är vidareutbildade inom området. Även bland veterinärerna är det flest som använder massage, stretching och kiropraktik, både i yrket och privat på sin egen häst. Mer än hälften (58 %) av de svarande veterinärerna remitterar patienter till KAVM-terapeuter och flertalet skriver att de har goda samarbeten tillsammans (n=85) men många efterfrågar hårdare krav på lagstiftning och utbildning inom KAVM. Bland de svarande terapeuterna arbetar många med flera olika djurslag och flest jobbar med hästar. Många utför mer än en behandlingsmetod och flest utför massage, stretching och akupressur. De flesta har något slags samarbete med veterinär där de antingen rekommenderar sina patienter att uppsöka veterinärvård eller får en remiss från veterinär angående en patient. Majoriteten av de svarande terapeuterna var positiva till enkäten då de anser att ämnet är viktigt. Många efterfrågar högre krav och mer kontroll på utbildning och efterföljande certifiering.Treatment methods that are outside the established veterinary modern medicine are often called complementary and alternative veterinary medicine (CAVM). There are multiple methods, some are far from allopathy while others are close to be counted as modern medicine. International studies have shown that CAVM is widely used in the treatment of horses, mainly in the treatment of back problems. In many cases, a CAVM therapist is the initial contact for treatment when the pet owner suspects back problems in their horse. This could be considered problematic since horses with back problems in many cases also are lame and the time before the lameness is treated is prolonged if the therapist only deals with the back problem. In human healthcare, complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) is used by many for preventive purposes. Those who apply to CAM wants a holistic approach to treatment and minimize the use of conventional medicine. The purpose of this work is to map the use of CAVM for horses in Sweden. Answers from a questionnaire, filled in by horse owners, veterinarians and therapists of CAVM methods, were compiled and investigated. The collaborations between veterinarians and therapists were also issued. The results show that as many as 90% of the responding horse owners use CAVM for preventive purposes and 85% for rehabilitative purposes after injury (n = 204). A CAVM therapist is the initial contact for treatment in case of suspicion of back problems in the horse for 52% of the respondents and in case of suspicion of lameness for 15% of the respondents (n = 204). The most common methods used are massage, stretching and chiropractic. Some of the responding veterinarians have furthered their education within CAVM after their veterinary degree. These veterinarians meet more patients with musculoskeletal problems per week than the respondents who are not further trained in CAVM. Among the responding veterinarians who use CAVM, massage, stretching and chiropractic are the most frequently used methods. More than half (58%) of the responding veterinarians refer patients to CAVM therapists and the majority write that they collaborate well toghether (n = 85), but many demand stricter requirements for legislation and training within CAVM. Among the responding therapists, the majority work with various animal species and most work with horses. Many perform more than one treatment method and most practice massage, stretching and acupressure. Most have some kind of collaboration with a veterinarian where they either recommend their patients to seek veterinary care or get a referral from a veterinarian regarding a patient. The majority of the responding therapists were positive to the survey as they consider the subject to be important. Many demand stricter regulations and more control over education and subsequent certification

Backtesting Value-at-Risk: A GMM Duration-based Test

This paper proposes a new duration-based backtesting procedure for VaR forecasts. The GMM test framework proposed by Bontemps (2006) to test for the distributional assumption (i.e., the geometric distribution) is applied to the case of VaR forecast validity. Using simple J-statistics based on the moments defined by the orthonormal polynomials associated with the geometric distribution, this new approach tackles most of the drawbacks usually associated with duration based backtesting procedures. In particular, it is among the first to take into account problems induced by the estimation risk in duration-based backtesting tests and to other a sub-sampling approach for robust inference derived from Escanciano and Olmo (2009). An empirical application of the method to Nasdaq returns confirms that using the GMM test has major consequences for the ex-post evaluation of risk by regulation regulatory authorities.Economics ;

A Theoretical Model for Captive Columns in Bending

A theoretical model for the determination of the beam stiffness of a captive column loaded as a simple-supported beam with a concentrated midspan load is described. A captive column is a high strength, light-weight composite structural member. Due to the composite nature of a captive column, the deflection due to shear forces, which is neglected in typical beam applications, must be included in the determination of the lateral deflection. The total deflection is obtained by setting the elastic strain energy stored in the captive column equal to the work that is applied to the column. The effects of changes in individual design parameters are investigated using the theoretical model. Experimental data was obtained to verify the theoretical model and the effects of changes in individual design parameters. Comparisons are also made between beam stiffness values obtained from the theoretical model and a finite element computer model. Comparisons between beam stiffness values obtained from the theoretical model, experimental testing, and the finite element model indicate that the theoretical model can be used to determine captive column beam stiffness or to predict the effect of a change in an individual design parameter. Sources of error in the experimental results and possible areas of improvement in the theoretical model are identified and discussed

Regulation of New Financial Instruments Under the Federal Securities and Commodities Laws

In the last few years, an endless stream of exotic financial instruments conjured by Wall Street wizards literally has taken the financial community by storm, fundamentally altering market trading practices and pitting institutions against each other in an intense competition for development of still more innovative instruments. These products--which include various types of swaps, options, forward contracts, and price guarantees--now are being offered to and traded by every major financial institution and multinational corporation in the world, as well as by governments and individuals, and nothing indicates that the unprecedented growth of the markets for such instruments is likely to sub-side any time soon. To the contrary, the trend clearly is toward increased product proliferation and the addition of still more arcane and complex trading vehicles to the already dizzying array now available. The speed with which these products have reached the markets plainly has outstripped the ability of accountants, lawyers,and regulators to keep pace with their development and to deter-mine their status under prevailing law and practices. In particular,although these products to some extent parallel existing instruments within the traditional regulatory jurisdiction of the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) and the Commodity Futures Trading Commission (CFTC), their new and varied features have created substantial uncertainty as to the proper locus of regulatory jurisdiction over their trading. Whether the SEC, CFTC, or other agencies have exclusive or concurrent jurisdiction with respect to these new instruments, or whether they even have jurisdiction at all, often is unclear. This Article first will discuss the general scope of the commodities and securities industries and the respective regulatory spheres of the CFTC and SEC. This background is essential to any under-standing of the nature and regulatory status of new financial instruments, many of which are derived from more traditional types of investment and trading vehicles within the jurisdiction of these agencies, and all of which have been structured to minimize the likelihood of being encompassed within such jurisdiction. Indeed,it is virtually impossible to appreciate the potential regulatory problems associated with the offer and sale of such instruments