A RESEARCH OF PROVISIONS OF THE LITHUANIAN YOUTH MIGRATION / LIETUVOS JAUNIMO MIGRACINIŲ NUOSTATŲ TYRIMAS

Young people are a very important part of society, on whom the country and people’s welfare depends. Unfortunately, emigration of young people is notable every year because of the present economic, social and financial situations. In the year 2013 because of emigration Lithuania has lost 17.6 thousand of young people of the country‘s population between ages of 14–29 years. Because of youth emigration Lithuania has confronted with social, demographic problems. Our homeland is losing population yearly, rapid aging of the populations noticeable, age structure of the deformations going also birth rates are decreasing because of youth migration, brain drains noticeable. Number of well educated, diligent young people is decreasing, as a result Lithuania often lacks good specialists and there is nobody to replace them. Purpose of this article is to find out what are the reasons for the emigration of young people and to answer the question why young people are emigrating from Lithuania and what would encourage them to stay in their homeland. This article consists of three parts. The first part has dealt with the theoretical aspects of migration, in the second part the article examines the concept of migration of the population, its causes, factors and consequences. The third part of the article carried out the provisions of Lithuanian youth migration study using literature and statistical data. The article ends with conclusions and recommendations. Santrauka  Jaunimas yra labai svarbi visuomenės dalis, nuo kurios priklauso šalies ateitis, tačiau dėl susiklosčiusios ekonominės, socialinės, finansinės padėties kiekvienais metais pastebima jaunimo emigracija. Jau 2013 metais Lietuva neteko17,6 tūkst. jaunų, 14–29 metų amžiaus, šalies gyventojų. Lietuva dėl jaunimo emigracijos susiduria su socialinėmis, demografinėmis problemomis. Tėvynėje kiekvienais metais mažėja gyventojų skaičius, pastebimas spartus gyventojų senėjimas, vyksta amžiaus struktūros deformacija, dėl jaunų žmonių emigracijos mažėja gimstamumas, pastebimas protų nutekėjimas, mažėja jaunų išsilavinusių darbingo amžiaus žmonių, neretai trūksta gerų specialistų. Šio straipsnio tikslas yra išsiaiškinti, kokios yra jaunimo emigracijos priežastys, ir atsakyti į klausimą, kodėl jaunimas emigruoja iš Lietuvos ir kas skatintų juos pasilikti tėvynėje. Šis straipsnis susideda iš trijų dalių: pirmoje straipsnio dalyje nagrinėjami teoriniai migracijos aspektai, antroje dalyje analizuojamos gyventojų migracijos priežastys, veiksniai ir pasekmės. Trečioje dalyje pristatomi Lietuvos jaunimo migracinių nuostatų tyrimai, atlikti remiantis moksliniais literatūros šaltiniais ir statistiniais duomenimis. Straipsnio pabaigoje pateikiamos išvados ir pasiūlymai. Raktiniai žodžiai: jaunimas, migracija, emigracija, gyventojų migracija, jaunimo emigracija, jaunimo nedarbas

Individual and contextual determinants of male suicide in the post‐communist region: The case of Lithuania

Article no. e2372Over the three last decades, Lithuania has reported some of the highest male suicide rates in the world. This paper relies on longitudinal census-linked data for Lithuania covering the entire male population aged 30–64 years during the 2011–2017 period. The study uses multilevel modelling to examine the importance of the selected individual and area-level contextual characteristics. One of the key findings is the persistence of a suicide disadvantage among males living in rural areas. This disadvantage could not be explained by major sociodemographic characteristics and remained statistically significant for those individuals who migrated to urban areas. Unlike some other studies, we found that socio-economic area-level characteristics retained their significance after controlling for the major individual-level characteristics. This evidence highlights the potential for policies aimed at improving area-level conditionsLietuvos demografų asociacijaLietuvos socialinių tyrimų centrasSocialinių tyrimų centrasVytauto Didžiojo universiteta

Contextualising Personal Networks Across Birth Cohorts and Countries

info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Paternal psychological well-being after union dissolution: does involved fatherhood have a protective effect?

Although the attention scholars have paid to the question of how the involvement of fathers affects the well-being of their children in post-separation families has increased tremendously in recent years, the question of how fathers’ involvement affects their own well-being has been hardly examined. Using data from the cross-sectional survey “Fathering after Union Dissolution,” which was conducted in Lithuania in 2016 (N = 1225), we looked at the extent to which the involvement of fathers with their non-resident children (contact frequency, relationship quality, payment of child support, and the quality of the co-parenting relationship with the mother) was associated with their psychological well-being (depressive feelings and general life satisfaction). Our multiple regression results indicated that the self-assessed quality of the father’s relationship with the child was the most important factor contributing to paternal psychological well-being: i.e., the better the relationship quality, the less likely a father was to report having depressive feelings, and the more likely he was to report having a high level of general life satisfaction. However, while making regular child support payments was found to be associated with a lower likelihood of having depressive feelings, it was not shown to be associated with having a high level of general life satisfaction. Contrary to our expectations, we found that the frequency of contact with the non-resident child and the quality of the co-parenting relationship with the mother did not affect paternal psychological well-being. Accordingly, we concluded that the protection provided by involved fatherhood after union dissolution is not universal, but instead depends on the nature of the involvementSocialinių tyrimų centrasVytauto Didžiojo universiteta

What would your parents say? : the impact of cohabitation among young people on their relationships with their parents

Most European countries have seen a retreat from marriage, which is increasingly preceded or replaced by cohabitation. A question that arises in light of this trend is how the diffusion of non-marital cohabitation may affect the quality of family relations. This article investigates how cohabitation among young people affects their level of satisfaction with their relationship with their parents. We analyse data from the recently released Generation and Gender Survey for Poland, a country with a limited degree of social acceptance of cohabitation, a high degree of attachment to the institution of marriage, and a familialistic culture. Since young adults who choose to cohabit are a rather specific group, we use statistical methods that allow us to control for both the observed and the unobserved characteristics of cohabiters. We find that young people who cohabited in their first union rated their level of satisfaction with their parental relationship lower than their peers who were married. Thus, at least in the context of a country where informal partnerships are not yet fully socially accepted or institutionally supported, the role of cohabitation in intergenerational relations may not be neutral

Quality of non-resident father-child relationships: between “caring for” and “caring about”

The book series “European Studies of Population” (ESPO), ISSN 1381-3579Using the cross-sectional Fathering after Union Dissolution in Lithuania survey data (2016), this chapter analyzes the quality of non-resident father-child relationships after a parental union dissolution. We assess the relationship quality perceived by fathers and focus on both positive elements such as intimacy and approval and negative ones such as conflict and child’s dominance in relationships. The influence of fathers’ resources such as their personal well-being, socio-economic resources, parenting practices and a family situation on relationship quality is also examined in the chapter. Following Smart (J Law Soc 18(4):485–500, 1991) we use the concepts of “caring for” and “caring about” specifically developed to describe the post-divorce father-child relationship quality. We make the hypotheses that fathers’ higher personal, socio-economic resources and involved parenting practices contribute positively to the “caring for” type of relationship, while limited resources contribute to the “caring about” type of relationships. Our findings demonstrate that the father-child relationship quality is associated with personal and parenting resources, while the effect of men’s socio-economic resources is not relevant if child-related characteristics are controlled. We also find the positive association between fathers’ re-partnering and new children and the quality of the relationships (less conflict and more paternal authority) with non-resident childrenSociologijos katedraVytauto Didžiojo universiteta