Prediction of lowest nocturnal blood glucose level based on self-monitoring of blood glucose in Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes

Available online 13 September 2018Aims: Continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) is not available for all patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) at risk of nocturnal hypoglycemia (NH).This study was performed to predict the lowest nocturnal blood glucose (LNBG) levels. Methods: An LNBG prediction formula was developed by multivariate analysis using the data including self-monitoring of blood glucose from a formula making (FM) group of 29 insulin-treated T2D patients with CGM. The validity of the formula was assessed by nonparametric regression analysis of actual and predicted values in a formula validation group consisting of 21 other insulin-treated patients. The clinical impact on prediction was evaluated using a Parkes error grid. Results: In the FM group with a median age of 64.0, the following formula was established: Predicted LNBG (mg/dL) = 127.4-0.836 x Age (y) + 0.119 x Self-monitored fasting blood glucose (mg/dL) + 0.717 x Basal insulin dose (U/day) (standard error of calibration 17.2 mg/dL). Based on the validation results, standard error of prediction was 31.0 mg/dL All predicted values fell within zones A (no effect on clinical action) and B (little or no effect on clinical outcome) on the grid. Conclusions: LNBG could be predicted, and may be helpful for NH prevention. (C) 2018 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.ArticleJOURNAL OF DIABETES AND ITS COMPLICATIONS. 32(12):1118-1123 (2018)journal articl

Estimation of genetic and phenotypic parameters and environmental trends of pre-weaning growth traits of Japanese Black calves using animal model

Data collected on 1739 records of Japanese Black calves during the period from 1937 to 2002 were analysed. The herd belongs to the Department of Livestock and Grassland Science, National Agricultural Research Center for Western Region, Oda City, Shimane Prefecture. The objectives were to estimate heritability, maternal effect and genetic and phenotypic correlations between birth weight, weaning weight and average daily gain from birth to weaning, to estimate calf breeding values and to evaluate genetic and phenotypic trends for these traits. Heritability estimates of birth weight, weaning and average daily gain were 0.39, 0.17 and 0. 26, respectively. The corresponding maternal components were 0.10, 0.10 and 0.11, respectively. Genetic correlations between birth weight and weaning, birth weight and average daily gain and weaning weight and average daily gain were 0.30, -0.17 and 0.86 , respectively. The corresponding phenotypic correlations were 0.19, -0.33 and 0.90, respectively. Calf breeding values ranged between -17.93 and 2.83, between -4.72 and 18.08 and between -0.070 and 0.182 kg for birth weight, weaning weight and average daily gain, respectively. Regression coefficients of breeding values of birth weight, weaning weight and average daily gain on year of calving were not significant and accounted for 0.011±0.012, -0.02±0.02 and -0.0002±0.0002, respectively. The corresponding regression coefficients of the phenotypic values of weaning weight and average daily gain of year of calving were significant and accounted for 2.16±0.31 and 0.013±0.002, respectively, however, that of birth weight was not significant (0.18±0.10). Breeding values fluctuated across years of study with no certain trend. Similar trend was observed for phenotypic values. It is concluded that environment may have higher influence on calf performance than genetics. Selection has never been practiced in this herd

Simulations of Wide-Field Weak Lensing Surveys II: Covariance Matrix of Real Space Correlation Functions

Using 1000 ray-tracing simulations for a {\Lambda}-dominated cold dark model in Sato et al. (2009), we study the covariance matrix of cosmic shear correlation functions, which is the standard statistics used in the previous measurements. The shear correlation function of a particular separation angle is affected by Fourier modes over a wide range of multipoles, even beyond a survey area, which complicates the analysis of the covariance matrix. To overcome such obstacles we first construct Gaussian shear simulations from the 1000 realizations, and then use the Gaussian simulations to disentangle the Gaussian covariance contribution to the covariance matrix we measured from the original simulations. We found that an analytical formula of Gaussian covariance overestimates the covariance amplitudes due to an effect of finite survey area. Furthermore, the clean separation of the Gaussian covariance allows to examine the non-Gaussian covariance contributions as a function of separation angles and source redshifts. For upcoming surveys with typical source redshifts of z_s=0.6 and 1.0, the non-Gaussian contribution to the diagonal covariance components at 1 arcminute scales is greater than the Gaussian contribution by a factor of 20 and 10, respectively. Predictions based on the halo model qualitatively well reproduce the simulation results, however show a sizable disagreement in the covariance amplitudes. By combining these simulation results we develop a fitting formula to the covariance matrix for a survey with arbitrary area coverage, taking into account effects of the finiteness of survey area on the Gaussian covariance.Comment: 12 pages, 12 figures, accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journal. Simulation data (1000 convergence power spectra and cosmic shear correlation functions for {\xi}+({\theta}) and {\xi}-({\theta})) are available upon request (contact [email protected]

Endobronchial Argon Plasma Coagulation for the Palliation of Recurrent Tracheobronchial Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma

This is a non-final version of an article published in final form in Journal of Bronchology, 14(4):278-280, October 2007.The standard treatment of adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) of the airway is surgery, if possible, because survival rate is better than other treatments including radiotherapy. Although ACC shows frequent recurrence during the long-term follow-up unless there has been a complete resection (negative surgical margin), no further treatments are recommended. This report describes how argon plasma coagulation using flexible bronchoscopy has been successfully employed in the treatment of ACC after conventional therapy in 1 case of recurrence after surgery and 2 cases of inoperable patients. All of the patients are alive and healthy more than 6 years after diagnosis.ArticleJournal of Bronchology. 14(4):278-280 (2007)journal articl

Aldosterone to Potassium Ratio after Adrenocorticotropin Stimulation in Unilateral Primary Aldosteronism Diagnosis

Article信州医学雑誌 68(3): 159-168(2020)journal articl

Increased Interleukin-8 in Epithelial Lining Fluid of Collapsed Lungs During One-Lung Ventilation for Thoracotomy

The present study was designed to evaluate inflammatory changes in collapsed lungs during one-lung ventilation using the assistance of a bronchoscopic microsampling probe. Serial albumin and interleukin (IL)-8 concentrations in epithelial lining fluid (ELF) were measured in seven patients undergoing resection of lung tumors. The samples were taken after induction of anesthesia (baseline), 30 min after one-lung ventilation was started (point 2), just before resuming two-lung ventilation (point 3), and 30 min after two-lung ventilation was restarted (point 4). The albumin and IL-8 concentrations in ELF were significantly increased at point 2 and point 3, respectively, and remained to be high, compared to the baseline. The increase in IL-8 at point 3 was correlated with the interval of one-lung ventilation; however, none developed specific acute lung injury. These findings suggest that inflammatory changes can occur on the epithelium of a collapsed lung even in patients who underwent successful and standard thoracic surgery.ArticleINFLAMMATION. 35(6):1844-1850 (2012)journal articl

Relationship between mitochondrial DNA polymorphism and postnatal growth of Japanese beef cattle

Correlation coefficients (r) between mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) haplotypes, maternal lineage (ML), birth weight (BWT), preweaning average daily gain (PREADG), weaning weight (WT6), post weaning average daily gain (POSTADG) and yearling weight (WT12) were computed in Japanese Black beef cattle within the same herd and management. The objective was to study the relationship between maternal and postnatal growth traits and to investigate if postnatal growth of calves to yearling age could be accurately predicted from mtDNA genotype at an early age. Blood samples and phenotypic records from 129 cattle which were part of a QTL mapping herd were utilized. mtDNA from the displacement-loop (D-loop) region (496 bp) was genotyped and classified into sub-groups 2 and 3 haplotypes and sequenced. General linear models procedure was utilized to adjust for genetic and non-genetic effects on postnatal growth traits. Simple and multiple linear regressions were fitted to predict postnatal growth traits from mtDNA haplotypes and the coefficients of determination (R2 ) were computed. Results revealed 19 maternal lineages and four mtDNA types (1, 11, 73 and a new hitherto unreported one). There were strong, positive and highly significant (P0.05) ranging from -0.05 to 0.1. Prediction of postnatal growth from mtDNA yielded very low R2 values ranging from 0.002 for BWT to 0.019 for WT6. The addition of ML, sub-group 2 and sub-group 3 haplotype information did not lead to any appreciable improvement in prediction accuracy. It was concluded that mtDNA polymorphism has no significant association with postnatal growth from birth to yearling age, and by implication, nuclear rather than cytoplasmic DNA, is most likely responsible for genetic variation observed in postnatal growth of Japanese Black cattle. Therefore, mtDNA genotyping at an early age has no bearing on future growth performance of calves

Statistics of 207 Lya Emitters at a Redshift Near 7: Constraints on Reionization and Galaxy Formation Models

We present Lya luminosity function (LF), clustering measurements, and Lya line profiles based on the largest sample, to date, of 207 Lya emitters (LAEs) at z=6.6 on the 1-deg^2 sky of Subaru/XMM-Newton Deep Survey (SXDS) field. Our z=6.6 Lya LF including cosmic variance estimates yields the best-fit Schechter parameters of phi*=8.5 +3.0/-2.2 x10^(-4) Mpc^(-3) and L*(Lya)=4.4 +/-0.6 x10^42 erg s^(-1) with a fixed alpha=-1.5, and indicates a decrease from z=5.7 at the >~90% confidence level. However, this decrease is not large, only =~30% in Lya luminosity, which is too small to be identified in the previous studies. A clustering signal of z=6.6 LAEs is detected for the first time. We obtain the correlation length of r_0=2-5 h^(-1) Mpc and bias of b=3-6, and find no significant boost of clustering amplitude by reionization at z=6.6. The average hosting dark halo mass inferred from clustering is 10^10-10^11 Mo, and duty cycle of LAE population is roughly ~1% albeit with large uncertainties. The average of our high-quality Keck/DEIMOS spectra shows an FWHM velocity width of 251 +/-16 km s^(-1). We find no large evolution of Lya line profile from z=5.7 to 6.6, and no anti-correlation between Lya luminosity and line width at z=6.6. The combination of various reionization models and our observational results about the LF, clustering, and line profile indicates that there would exist a small decrease of IGM's Lya transmission owing to reionization, but that the hydrogen IGM is not highly neutral at z=6.6. Our neutral-hydrogen fraction constraint implies that the major reionization process took place at z>~7.Comment: 28 pages, 23 figures. Accepted for publication in Ap