Proton Decay in the Semi-Simple Unification

Semi-simple unification is one of a model which naturally solves two difficulties in the supersymmetric grand unification theory: doublet-triplet splitting problem and suppression of dimension 5 proton decay. We analyzed the dimension 6 proton decay of this model using perturbative analysis at the next-to-leading order. The life time of proton is 3 \times 10^{34} - 10^{35} years for wide range of SUSY breaking parameters, and there is an intriguing possibility of observing proton decay signals in the next-generation water Cherenkov detectors such as Hyper-Kamiokande and TITAND. Several uncertainties in this prediction are also discussed.Comment: 16 pages, including 2 tables and 3 figures, UT-97

Novel 1,8-Naphthalimide derivative with an open space for an anion: Unique fluorescence behaviour depending on the binding anion’s electrophilic property

We have designed a novel 1,8-naphthalimide derivative with an open space for an anion. Computational calculation has predicted that the space could trap various anion species and photo-induced charge transfer depending on the anion's electrophilic properties. Indeed, the fluorescence behaviour of the 1,8-naphthalimide derivative complexes with each anion is consistent with the computational prediction

Baryogenesis and Gravitino Dark Matter in Gauge-Mediated Supersymmetry-Breaking Models

We discuss two cosmological issues in a generic gauge-mediated supersymmetry (SUSY)-breaking model, namely the Universe's baryon asymmetry and the gravitino dark-matter density. We show that both problems can be simultaneously solved if there exist extra matter multiplets of a SUSY-invariant mass of the order of the ``$\mu$-term'', as suggested in several realistic SUSY grand-unified theories. We propose an attractive scenario in which the observed baryon asymmetry is produced in a way totally independent of the reheating temperature of inflation without causing any cosmological gravitino problem. Furthermore, in a relatively wide parameter space, we can also explain the present mass density of cold dark matter by the thermal relics of the gravitinos without an adjustment of the reheating temperature of inflation. We point out that there is an interesting relation between the baryon asymmetry and the dark-matter density.Comment: 20 pages, 2 figure

Habitat Utilization of Nonhuman Primates in a Forest of the Western Pando, Bolivia

Reports by Grant-in-Aid for Overseas Scientific Survey1980 Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (Grant-in-Aid for Overseas Scientific Survey) Reports of Research Project (Number of Project: 504331)Head Investigator: Kyoto University, Primate Research Institute, Professor, Shiro KONDO南米大陸における広鼻猿類の系統・進化に関する研究 = Phylogenetical and Evolutionary Studies of New World Monkeys in South AmericaThe authors carried out surveys on nine species of primates inhabiting the study area (338 ha), western Pando, Bolivia. They investigated how each of the primate species utilized four types of forest as its habitat. As a result, it was found that each species displayed its own manner of habitat utilization, and species specificities existed in the utilization of the forest

Improvement in the beam lifetime by means of an rf phase modulation at the KEK Photon Factory storage ring

In the 2.5-GeV Photon Factory storage ring at KEK, we have found that the beam lifetime can be improved by modulating the phase of an rf accelerating voltage at a frequency of 2 times the synchrotron oscillation frequency. By applying this phase modulation with a peak-to-peak amplitude of 3.2°, the beam lifetime could be improved, typically, from 22 to 36 h under a beam current of about 360 mA. At the same time, the longitudinal coupled-bunch instability could be considerably suppressed. The improvement in the beam lifetime can be explained as an improved Touschek lifetime, which was caused by a quadrupole-mode longitudinal oscillation of the stored bunches

Synthesis and Structure of Sterically Crowded Triarylphosphine Bearing 4-Bromo-2,6-Bis(4-<i>tert</i>-Butylphenyl)Phenyl Group

<div><p></p><p>A novel sterically crowded triarylphosphine bearing a 2,6-diaryl-4-bromophenyl group, [4-bromo-2,6-bis(4-<i>tert</i>-butylphenyl)phenyl]bis(2,4,6-triisopropylphenyl)phosphine (<b>1</b>), was synthesized. The X-ray crystallography revealed that the bond angles and lengths around the phosphorus atom (110.9°, 1.846 Å) are comparable to those of tris(2,4,6-triisopropylphenyl)phosphine and its derivatives. Triarylphosphine <b>1</b> is reversibly oxidized to the radical cation at the potential close to that of the typical sterically crowded (bromoaryl)phosphine, (4-bromo-2,6-diisopropylphenyl)bis(2,4,6-triisopropylphenyl)phosphine, and exhibits the UV absorption at long wavelength (<i>λ</i>_max 332 nm) characteristic of the sterically crowded triarylphosphines. Thus, triarylphosphine <b>1</b> can be regarded to be a promising candidate for the key synthetic intermediate or building block to the functional molecules bearing sterically crowded triarylphosphine moieties.</p></div

Report on DELP 1988 Cruises in the Okinawa Trough : Part 7. Geologic Investigation of the Central Rift in the Middle to Southern Okinawa Trough

It has been suggested that the spreading of the sea-floor is expected only in a limited area along the central rift in the southern part of the Okinawa Trough if it occurs. Therefore, the active extensional features and the mode of occurrence of igneous rocks in the central rift were studied in detail by means of the analysis of 3.5 KHz sonic, profiling records and rock samples dredged up during the DELP 1988 Cruises along the middle to southern Okinawa Trough. In addition to these data, research findings from various other organizations were supplementally used. The result revealed that in trending E-W to ENE-WSE five segments (grabens) of the central rift are distributed in echelon along the trough axis, which has been active since early Pleistocene time. The length of the central grabens is 50-100km and the width is 10-20km. The present central graben formation is represented by the topographic, central valley first shaped in late Pleistocene time. Transform faults connecting segments of the central graben were not found. Calc-alkaline and tholeiitic rocks showing typical island arc nature were dredged from the Yaeyama Central Graben, which is the deepest in the Okinawa Trough. The rocks are younger than 1 Ma., and the oxygen fugasity of the rock rather indicates initial stage of a rifting environment shown in mid-oceanic ridges. A black smoker indicating an active rifting environment was discovered at the eastern end of the Aguni Central Graben in 1989. The geologic evidence of the central grabens strongly supports the finding that the middle to southern Okinawa Trough does not yet reach to sea-floor spreading but represents the back-arc rifting stage. The evidence is consistent with other geophysical one such as seismic refraction and magnetic measurements during the Cruises. Moreover, the whole Okinawa Trough is identified as being in a back-arc rifting stage in the continental crust, judging from previous data in addition to the present results.沖縄トラフでもし海底拡大が行なわれているとすれば,それは南部の中央地溝付近に限定されるだろうとの指摘がされている.そこで,中-南部沖縄トラフ域で行なわれたDELP1988年度航海の際得られた, 3.5KHz音波探査資料およびドレッジ試料を中心に他の試・資料を補い,トラフ中央地溝の活動的伸張構造およびリフティングに関連する火成岩の産状等を詳しく調べた.その結果,同トラフの中軸に沿って,前期更新世以降活動している東-西から東北東-西南西方向の長さ50-100kmの5つのグラーベンが雁行状に発達し,それらがすべて地形的に中軸谷を形成していることが明らかになった.それらグラーベンは火山フロントより後背に形成され,現在沖縄トラフの伸張運動はこれらのグラーベンを中心として行われている.しかし,これらのグラーベンをつなぐトランスフォーム断層の存在は認められない.沖縄トラフ最深部の八重山中央地溝内より採取された岩石は, 100万年より若い島弧に典型的なcalc-alkali rockとtheleiitic rockであった.しかし,それらのoxygen fugacityは,大洋中央海嶺域で認められるように還元的な環境を示し.背弧のリフティングとの密接な関係が示唆された.活動的なリフトで認められるブラック・スモーカーが粟国中央地溝の東端で1989年に発見された.以上により,沖縄トラフ中-南部は背弧におけるリフティングが行なわれている段階であり,海底拡大に至っていないとみなされる.これは同時に行われた屈折法地震探査や地磁気探査等の地球物理学的な調査結果とも矛盾しない.また,従来の調査結果と合わせると,沖縄トラフ全域が大陸地殻内でのリフティングの段階とみなせ

Enantioseparation of Doubly Functionalized Polar Norbornenes by HPLC and Their Ruthenium-Catalyzed Ring-Opening Metathesis Polymerization

Esta tesis aborda las representaciones de los maestros sobre internet mediante la identificación y análisis de las metáforas construidas para definirlo. Prestamos especial atención a la presencia de emociones en las metáforas -verbales y visuales- elicitadas en el marco de esta investigación. Argumentamos a favor del tratamiento de las metáforas como un recurso de gran utilidad para comprender cómo se piensa -y cómo se siente- sobre las tecnologías digitales, qué expectativas se depositan en ellas y qué acciones se habilitan con ellas. Esta investigación es un aporte teórico y metodológico al ámbito de la investigación y formación en educación mediática.This thesis addresses the teachers’ representations of the internet through the identification and analysis of the metaphors they use to define it. This research pays special attention to the emotions present in the elicited metaphors -verbal and visual-. The analysis advocates for the use of metaphors as very useful resources to understand how people think -and feel- about digital technologies, the expectations they raise and the actions they enable. This research aims at contributing, theoretically and methodologically, to the field of media education