Classroom Use of Critical Thinking Skills : Student and Teacher Surveys

本稿は,亜細亜大学のフレッシュマン・イングリッシュを受講している1年生351名を対象に,バードと松田によって実施された英語と日本語による授業でのクリティカル・シンキング(CT)の使用に関する調査結果について検討している,アンケートの結果から,学生は日本語の授業よりも英語の授業においてより積極的にCTを使用していることがわかった.ブルームの分類のより高度なレベルのCT活動を行うことについては,学生の反応は消極的になっている.また,単に知識を問う活動よりも内容の理解を問う活動により高い満足度を示している.留学生は,日本人学生よりも頻繁に意見,気持ち,考えを授業で率先して述べたり,教師の期待よりも高いレベルのCT活動に対して積極的な姿勢を示している.これに関しては,留学生の動機付けや本国での教育環境などさまざまな要因が考えられるが,留学生と一緒の授業が,日本人学生にとって異なる文化的価値感や意見を考える機会を与えており,CTを促進する学習環境を提供しているようである

The Human Phenotype Ontology in 2024: phenotypes around the world.

The Human Phenotype Ontology (HPO) is a widely used resource that comprehensively organizes and defines the phenotypic features of human disease, enabling computational inference and supporting genomic and phenotypic analyses through semantic similarity and machine learning algorithms. The HPO has widespread applications in clinical diagnostics and translational research, including genomic diagnostics, gene-disease discovery, and cohort analytics. In recent years, groups around the world have developed translations of the HPO from English to other languages, and the HPO browser has been internationalized, allowing users to view HPO term labels and in many cases synonyms and definitions in ten languages in addition to English. Since our last report, a total of 2239 new HPO terms and 49235 new HPO annotations were developed, many in collaboration with external groups in the fields of psychiatry, arthrogryposis, immunology and cardiology. The Medical Action Ontology (MAxO) is a new effort to model treatments and other measures taken for clinical management. Finally, the HPO consortium is contributing to efforts to integrate the HPO and the GA4GH Phenopacket Schema into electronic health records (EHRs) with the goal of more standardized and computable integration of rare disease data in EHRs

X-ray Crystallographic Studies of a Bimetallic \u3cem\u3ecis-\u3c/em\u3eMo(CO)\u3csub\u3e4\u3c/sub\u3e(PPh\u3csub\u3e2\u3c/sub\u3eNH\u3csub\u3e2\u3c/sub\u3eCH\u3csub\u3e2\u3c/sub\u3eCH\u3csub\u3e2\u3c/sub\u3eN=CHC\u3csub\u3e6\u3c/sub\u3eH\u3csub\u3e4\u3c/sub\u3e-o-O)\u3csub\u3e2\u3c/sub\u3eCu Complex, the Starting Material, \u3cem\u3ecis-\u3c/em\u3eMo(CO)\u3csub\u3e4\u3c/sub\u3e(PPh\u3csub\u3e2\u3c/sub\u3eCl)\u3csub\u3e2\u3c/sub\u3e, and the Reaction Intermediates \u3cem\u3ecis-\u3c/em\u3eMo(CO)\u3csub\u3e4\u3c/sub\u3e(PPh\u3csub\u3e2\u3c/sub\u3eNH\u3csub\u3e2\u3c/sub\u3eCH\u3csub\u3e2\u3c/sub\u3eCH\u3csub\u3e2\u3c/sub\u3eNH\u3csub\u3e2\u3c/sub\u3e2) \u3csub\u3e2\u3c/sub\u3e and \u3cem\u3ecis-\u3c/em\u3eMo(CO)\u3csub\u3e4\u3c/sub\u3e (PPh\u3csub\u3e2\u3c/sub\u3eNH\u3csub\u3e2\u3c/sub\u3eCH\u3csub\u3e2\u3c/sub\u3eCH\u3csub\u3e2\u3c/sub\u3eN=CHC\u3csub\u3e6\u3c/sub\u3eH\u3csub\u3e4\u3c/sub\u3e\u3cem\u3e-o-\u3c/em\u3eOH)\u3csub\u3e2\u3c/sub\u3e

In this paper, we report the crystal structures of a bimetallic trans-[cis-Mo(CO)4(PPh2NHCH2CH2N=CH(o-C6H4O)]]Cu Complex (monoclinic space group P2/c), the cis-Mo(CO)4(PPh2Cl)2 starting material, (monoclinic space group C2/c) and the two reaction intermediates cis-Mo(CO)4(PPh2NHCH2CH2N=CH(o-C6H4OH)2 (orthorhombic space group P2(1)2(1)2). The dihedral angle between the o-salicylaldiminato groups in the bimetallic complex (36.32(18)°) is considerable large than that in the previously reported trans-[cis-Mo(CO)4-[PPh2NHCH2CH2N=CH(o-C6H4O)]2]Ni complex (12.6°) demonstrating that the coordination preferences of the metal dications have significant effects on the conformations of the bimetallic complexes. The orientations of the phosphinamide ligands bimetallic complex are quite different than are those in the intermediates due to the steric restraints imposed by chelation to the Cu2+

HLA-haploidentical bone marrow transplantation for hematologic malignancies using nonmyeloablative conditioning and high-dose, posttransplantation cyclophosphamide.

We evaluated the safety and efficacy of high-dose, posttransplantation cyclophosphamide (Cy) to prevent graft rejection and graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) after outpatient nonmyeloablative conditioning and T cell-replete bone marrow transplantation from partially HLA-mismatched (haploidentical) related donors. Patients with advanced hematologic malignancies (n = 67) or paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (n = 1) received Cy 50 mg/kg i.v. on day 3 (n = 28) or on days 3 and 4 (n = 40) after transplantation. The median times to neutrophil (>500/microL) and platelet recovery (>20,000/microL) were 15 and 24 days, respectively. Graft failure occurred in 9 of 66 (13%) evaluable patients, and was fatal in 1. The cumulative incidences of grades II-IV and grades III-IV acute (aGVHD) by day 200 were 34% and 6%, respectively. There was a trend toward a lower risk of extensive chronic GVHD (cGVHD) among recipients of 2 versus 1 dose of posttransplantation Cy (P = .05), the only difference between these groups. The cumulative incidences of nonrelapse mortality (NRM) and relapse at 1 year were 15% and 51%, respectively. Actuarial overall survival (OS) and event-free survival (EFS) at 2 years after transplantation were 36% and 26%, respectively. Patients with lymphoid malignancies had an improved EFS compared to those with myelogenous malignancies (P = .02). Nonmyeloablative HLA-haploidentical BMT with posttransplantation Cy is associated with acceptable rates of fatal graft failure and severe aGVHD or cGVHD