Distribution pattern and population structure of Calanus australis Brodsky, 1959 over the southern Patagonian Shelf off Argentina in summer

In the southwest Atlantic Ocean, Calanus australis is widely distributed in waters of the inner and middle shelf off Argentina. Along the coast of southern Patagonia it is the most abundant large copepod through all seasons, typically occurring at higher densities over the inner shelf < 100 m deep. Its concentration decreases offshore as it is replaced by Calanus simillimus and Neocalanus tonsus. The abundance, vertical distribution, and population structure of Calanus australis off Patagonia were examined during a summer survey (March 1998) in order to study the ecological response of the copepod to hydrographic conditions. Differences in population densities were related to geographical difference in water-column stability. Higher numbers were recorded inshore at 51°S in strongly stratified coastal waters, where a well developed thermocline was present at 50 m. A sharp decline in abundance was evident southwards, coinciding with the occurrence of highly mixed, coastal, isothermal, and isohaline waters. Very low concentrations were also found at the most offshore, thermally stratified stations influenced by transitional waters between shelf and Malvinas waters. The population consisted mainly of stage 5 copepodites and fewer adult females. The scarcity or absence of younger stages cannot be attributed to the mesh size employed (150μm). The population dynamics of Calanus australis are discussed and compared with other Calanus species. © 2000 International Council For the Exploration of the Sea.Fil: Sabatini, Marina Elena. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Mar del Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras. Subsede Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Desarrollo Pesquero; ArgentinaFil: Ramírez, F. Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones y Desarrollo Pesquero; ArgentinaFil: Martos, Patricia. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Departamento de Ciencias Marinas; Argentin

Effect of nursery ground variability on condition of age 0+ year Merluccius hubbsi

This study examined the southern or Patagonian (41°–55° S) stock of Argentine hake Merluccius hubbsi, the more abundant of the two stocks on the Argentinean continental shelf. Pre-recruits (age 0+ year individuals) of this stock settle and grow in the San Jorge Gulf (45°–47° S, 65° 30′ W), a complex habitat with large spatial variability in environmental features. Relative condition factor, hepatosomatic index, lipid content and fatty-acid composition of muscle and liver, and diet information were combined with physical and biological data to evaluate: how nutritional status of age 0+ year hake varies spatially within the nursery ground; whether changes in condition are related to environmental factors and feeding; whether the indices are interchangeable metrics of condition. Both morphometric and biochemical indices showed dissimilar spatial trends; enhanced liver-based condition coincided with low salinity nutrient rich waters, higher chlorophyll-a values and abundances of Euphausia spp., the preferred prey at most stations, suggesting a bottom-up effect on age 0+ year hake condition. Diminished condition at stations where Thermisto gaudichaudii was the main prey could derive from lower prey quality in terms of energy density and essential fatty acids content. Coastal waters of the gulf would be essential habitats for M. hubbsi pre-recruits. Future monitoring of condition with liver-based indices is encouraged in the gulf, where interannual increasing trends of satellite-derived chlorophyll-a values have been observed, which could have implications for recruitment of the species.Fil: Temperoni, Brenda. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mar del Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Mar del Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras. Subsede Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Desarrollo Pesquero; ArgentinaFil: Massa, Agueda Elena. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Mar del Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras. Subsede Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Desarrollo Pesquero; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mar del Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras; ArgentinaFil: Derisio, Carla María. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Mar del Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras. Subsede Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Desarrollo Pesquero; ArgentinaFil: Martos, Patricia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Mar del Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras. Subsede Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Desarrollo Pesquero; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Departamento de Ciencias Marinas; ArgentinaFil: Berghoff, Carla Florencia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Mar del Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras. Subsede Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Desarrollo Pesquero; ArgentinaFil: Viñas, Maria Delia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Mar del Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras. Subsede Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Desarrollo Pesquero; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mar del Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras; Argentin

Health conditions in adults with HIV compared with the general population:A population-based cross-sectional analysis

BACKGROUND: Life expectancy in adults with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) has increased and managing other health conditions is increasingly important for patients and healthcare planning. The aim of this study was to examine the prevalence and association between different health conditions and HIV status. METHODS: We performed a cross-sectional analysis of adult UK Clinical Practice Research Datalink primary care electronic medical records linked to hospital admissions as of Nov 30, 2015. We examined 47 health condition groups and 304 physical and mental health conditions by HIV status, after adjustment for age, sex, social deprivation status using logistic regression. FINDINGS: There were 964 patients with HIV (61.7% male; 92.8% aged <65 years) and 941,113 non-HIV patients (49.4% male; 75.2% aged <65 years). Condition groups with the greatest prevalence in HIV that were also highly prevalent in adults without HIV included: lipid disorder (41.4% vs 40.2%), and hypertension (19.1% vs 24.6%). Following adjustment, 18 (37.5%) condition groups were more likely in adults with HIV and ten (20.8%) were less likely. Individual conditions that were less likely in adults with HIV included: atrial fibrillation (odds ratio [OR] 0.37 [95% CI 0.20–0.64]) and hypertension (OR_0.78 [0.65–0.94]); rheumatoid arthritis (OR 0.27 [0.05–0.84]); asthma (OR_0.65 (0.53–0.80]); and certain eye diseases such as macular degeneration (OR_0.30 [0.09–0.70]). Meanwhile individual conditions that were more likely included: liver fibrosis, sclerosis, and cirrhosis (OR_3.23 [1.85–5.20]); pulmonary embolism (OR_2.06 [1.15–3.36]); male infertility (OR_2.23 [1.50–3.16]) and female infertility (OR_2.01 [1.34–2.88]); bipolar disorder (OR_2.93 [1.52–5.05]) and depression (OR_1.49 [1.28–1.71]); cervical malignancy (OR_4.64 [1.15–12.15]); and infections. INTERPRETATION: Comorbidity is common in adults with HIV, with physical and mental health conditions spanning a wide spectrum. HIV management should consider multidisciplinary care models to provide optimal patient care. FUNDING: The project was funded by the Bart’s Charity; DRM was funded by a Wellcome Trust Clinical Research Career Development Fellowship; DRM and DMM received funding from the HDR-UK Precision therapeutics programme

Dynamical analysis of the oceanic circulation in the Gulf of San Jorge, Argentina

This study identifies the dynamical mechanisms driving seasonal variations in oceanic circulation and water mass characteristics of the Gulf of San Jorge (GSJ) and its exchanges with the Patagonian Shelf (PS). A suite of process-oriented numerical experiments indicates that GSJ circulation is mainly driven by tidal forcing and modulated by wind forcing and intrusions from the PS. During late spring and summer, stratification decouples the upper and deeper layers of the gulf, leading to a shallow, wind-forced surface circulation and a deeper, density driven, cyclonic geostrophic flow. The subsurface circulation is induced by differential tidal mixing in coastal and deep areas and its intensity is strongly affected by the temporal variability of the atmospheric heat flux, which increases from spring to summer and fades from fall to winter. As stratification weakens, circulation patterns are replaced by wind-driven anticyclonic gyres in the south and an open cyclonic loop in the north. Passive tracer diagnostics show that in summer, surface and subsurface waters from the GSJ northern coast are exported and replaced by waters from the coastal portion of PS currents. The renewal of bottom waters is slower: A small portion upwells in the southwestern coast but most are ventilated by winter convection in the southern region and by intrusions of PS waters in the northern region.Fil: Palma, Elbio Daniel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Bahía Blanca. Instituto Argentino de Oceanografía. Universidad Nacional del Sur. Instituto Argentino de Oceanografía; Argentina. Universidad Nacional del Sur. Departamento de Física; ArgentinaFil: Matano, Ricardo. State University of Oregon; Estados UnidosFil: Tonini, Mariano Hernan. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Centro Nacional Patagónico. Centro para el Estudio de Sistemas Marinos; ArgentinaFil: Martos, Patricia. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata; Argentina. Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones y Desarrollo Pesquero; ArgentinaFil: Combes, Vincent. State University of Oregon; Estados Unido

Fish abundance and distribution patterns related to environmental factors in a choked temperate coastal lagoon (Argentina)

The aim of this study was to assess the influence of environmental factors on the fish distribution and abundance in Mar Chiquita coastal lagoon. Seasonal fish sampling stations were distributed along the lagoon and grouped in three zones from a mixo-oligohaline waters zone with high contribution of freshwater to a mixo-eurihaline waters zone with high marine water influence. A mixo-mesohaline waters zone characterized the middle part of the lagoon. The results showed that the fish composition was dominated by marine estuarine dependent (ED) species in all three zones and in all seasons: Odontesthes argentinensis, Brevoortia aurea, Mugil liza and Micropogonias furnieri were the most representative species. The following important ecological category was freshwater fishes (FW), with Platanichthys platana and Jenynsia multidentata being the most representative species. According to the best model selected, by fitting generalized linear models, abundance of ED increased as water temperature increased during summer and autumn in all three zones. The highest abundance was recorded in the mixo-eurihaline waters zone. On the other hand, FW abundance increased with high rainfall and also when easterly winds blew. In conclusion, a differential habitat use by the species that occur in the Mar Chiquita coastal lagoon was observed. A few ED species dominated the fish composition but FW species also made use of the lagoon during periods of heavy rainfall.O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a influência de fatores ambientais sobre a distribuição e abundância de peixes na lagoa costeira Mar Chiquita. Estações sazonais de amostragem de peixes foram distribuídas ao longo da lagoa e agrupadas em três zonas de uma zona de águas Mixo-oligohalino com elevado aporte de água doce para uma zona de águas Mixo-eurihaline com alta influência da água do mar. Uma zona de águas Mixo-mesohalino caracteriza a parte do meio da lagoa. Os resultados mostraram que a composição dos peixes foi dominada por espécies marinhos estuarinos dependentes (ED) em todas as três zonas e em todas as estações: Odontesthes argentinensis, Brevoortia aurea, Mugil liza e Micropogonias furnieri foram as espécies mais representativas. A categoria seguinte mais importante foi peixes de água doce (FW), com Platanichthys platana e Jenynsia multidentata sendo as espécies mais representativas. De acordo com o melhor modelo selecionado pelo ajuste de modelos lineares generalizados, a abundância de ED aumentou de acordo com a temperatura da água durante o verão e outono, em todas as três zonas. A maior abundância foi registrada na zona de águas mixo-eurihalinas. Por outro lado, a abundância de FW aumentou com o aumento da pluviosidade e também quando os ventos de direção leste sopraram. Em conclusão, a utilização diferencial do habitat pelas espécies que ocorrem na lagoa costeira Mar Chiquita foi observada. Poucas espécies ED dominaram a composição de espécies de peixes, enquanto FW fizeram uso da lagoa quando as condições de alta pluviosidade foram observados

Vehículo a escala dirigido a distancia de mapeo en zona de desastres

RESUMEN El modelo de utilidad se refiere a un vehiculo de mapeo en zona de desastres. Dicho vehiculo se caracteriza porque contiene modulos distribuidos de comunicacion, distribucion de energia, control, locomocion y un conjunto de sensores que permiten obtener datos clave sobre entornos sometidos a desastres naturales. Cuando esta en uso, los datos son recolectados por los sensores y enviados por el modulo de comunicacion a un operador que dispone de un control PnP y equipo con capacidad de visualizacion de una interfaz grafica y puede observar en tiempo real distintos factores presentes como gases, fuego, sonidos, obstaculos, movimiento, temperatura, humedad y vision por video mientras se mueve en el entorno gracias a la locomocion dada por una serie de motores y llantas modificadas

Potenciales presas zooplanctónicas (Copepoda y Appendicularia) para Engraulis anchoita en relación con las distribuciones de larvas tempranas y de desove en la región frontal patagónica (océano Atlántico sudoccidental)

We investigated the spatial distribution of the abundance, biomass and size of zooplankton (nauplii, calanoids, cyclopoids and appendicularians) in relation to the distribution of first-feeding larvae and eggs of Engraulis anchoita across the frontal system of Peninsula Valdés. Twelve samples of zooplankton and ichthyoplankton were taken with small Bongo (67 μm) and Pairovet (200 μm) nets during the spring of 2004 along two transects. The total abundance of zooplankton and the chlorophyll a concentration were higher in homogeneous waters, while total biomasses were higher in stratified waters. Temperature was negatively correlated with biological variables and was the main factor affecting the zooplankton distribution. In both transects, abundance peaks of first-feeding larvae were detected at coastal stations along with the smallest fraction of zooplankton ( < 500 μm), while the largest fraction was dominant at the external stations, coinciding with the highest egg abundance. The physical structure of this front generates different levels of food availability for first-feeding larvae. Calanoids (southern transect) and cyclopoids (northern transect) are predominant followed by nauplii and appendicularians. The biomass of zooplankton preys contributes to the carbon transfer to the upper trophic levels and is probably important for the survival and growth of anchovy larvae in this frontal system.Se investigó la distribución espacial de la abundancia, biomasa y las tallas del zooplancton (nauplii, calanoideos, ciclopoideos y apendicularias) en relación con la distribución de las larvas en estadio de primera alimentación y los huevos de Engraulis anchoita en el sistema frontal de Península Valdés. Se tomaron 12 muestras de zooplancton e ictioplancton durante la primavera de 2004 a lo largo de dos transectos, mediante una red Minibongo (67 μm) y una Pairovet (200 μm) respectivamente. La abundancia total del zooplancton y la concentración de clorofila fue mayor en aguas homogéneas, mientras que la biomasa fue mayor en aguas estratificadas. La temperatura se correlacionó negativamente con las variables biológicas siendo ésta el principal factor que afectó la distribución del zooplancton. En las estaciones costeras de ambos transectos, se encontró la mayor abundancia de larvas en coincidencia con la fracción más pequeña de zooplancton ( < 500 μm), mientras que la fracción más grande fue dominante en las estaciones externas, en coincidencia con la mayor abundancia de huevos. La estructura física de este frente genera diferente disponibilidad de alimento para las larvas siendo los calanoideos (transecto sur) y los ciclopoideos (transecto norte) predominantes, seguidos por nauplii y apendicularias. La biomasa de dicho alimento zooplanctónico podría contribuir a la transferencia de carbono a los niveles tróficos superiores y esto sería importante para la supervivencia y crecimiento de la anchoita en este sistema frontal

Plan de mejora para la gestión del proceso de prácticas preprofesionales en la carrera de Derecho de una universidad privada de Cajamarca, 2017

RESUMEN El plan de mejora para la gestión del proceso de prácticas preprofesionales en la carrera de Derecho de una Universidad Privada de Cajamarca 2017, se desarrolló no solo por una exigencia prevista en el Plan de Estudios sino también por lo previsto en el modelo de calidad para la acreditación de Carreras, exigible por las autoridades de educación superior del país. Para el plan de mejora utilizamos una guía de gestión del conocimiento alineado al modelo de Nonaka y Takeuchi, complementado con procesos de control y auditoría. Se implementaron herramientas de Office 365 que permitieron reducir limitantes temporales, espaciales y jerárquico sociales para la gestión adecuada del conocimiento. Se logró mejorar los niveles de desarrollo de las 7 competencias específicas de la carrera, impactando favorablemente en mayor grado en: análisis y razonamiento jurídico, argumentación jurídica, producción de planes y solución de conflictos y conformación de equipos multidisciplinarios

Composition, density, and biomass of salpidae and chaetognatha in the southwestern Atlantic Ocean (34.5°S-39°S)

Salps and chaetognaths constitute an important fraction of the macrozooplankton and have a prominent role in the marine food web. In our study, we analyzed the species composition, density, and biomass in an area of the southern Atlantic Ocean during the austral winters of 1999, 2000, and 2001. The most abundant and frequent species were the salpids Ihlea magalhanica (Apstein, 1894) and Iasis zonaria (Pallas, 1774), and the chaetognaths Parasagitta friderici (Ritter-Zahony, 1911) and Serratosagitta tasmanica (Thomson, 1947). Chaetognaths were found in over 80% of the stations throughout the three winters, reaching up to 67 individuals (ind) m -3. Salps were found surviving at low population densities in 2000 and 2001, but in 1999, there were mass occurrences of I. zonaria and I. magalhanica, reaching densities of 301 and 123 ind m -3, respectively. To estimate biomass in C units, the relationship between dry weight and size was calculated for S. tasmanica and for solitaries and aggregates of I. zonaria and I, magalhanica. The biomass of salps and chaetognaths (as mg C m -3) over the shelf during the three consecutive winters was strongly related to prevailing physical and biological conditions. In 1999, the greatest contribution to macrozooplankton biomass corresponded to salps, while in 2000 and 2001, chaetognaths dominated the biomass. In swarm conditions, like in 1999, I. zonaria and I. magalhanica widely dominated over copepods and chaetognaths, producing an increase in the quantity of available C of up to 60 times in relation to the periods with very low population densities.Fil: Daponte, María Cristina. Universidad de Buenos Aires; ArgentinaFil: Calcagno, Javier Angel. Universidad de Buenos Aires; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Acevedo Luque, María José de Jesús. Universidad de Buenos Aires; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Martos, Patricia. Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones y Desarrollo Pesquero; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata; ArgentinaFil: Machinandiarena, Laura. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata; ArgentinaFil: Esnal, Graciela Beatriz. Universidad de Buenos Aires; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentin