Physical disability prevalence in leprosy assisted in Teresina city (PI) reference center from 2005 to 2010

Objective: To review scientific literature regarding the factors that trigger stress in nurses in the hospital environment. Method: This is a qualitative study, a literature review, in the databases, BVS in its sub-bases LILACS and BDENF, and in SCOPUS database. The articles were investigated in their entirety, in Portuguese, published between the years 2009 and 2013. Results: It was revealed that the most prevalent stressors in the hospital for nursing professionals are lack of professionalism, dissatisfaction with the profession, poor working conditions, lack of materials, scarce human resources and personal untrained, the division of labor, content of the task, the relations of power, hierarchy, and liability issues. Conclusion: To understand and analyze the factors that trigger stress is of great value to practitioners and institutions are essential for promoting worker health and improving the care provided by them

Delinquency in Portugal - numbers, explanations and challenges to intervention

Introdução: A delinquência juvenil em Portugal constitui um fenómeno com uma expressão social global moderada, suscitando, contudo, preocupações relevantes do ponto de vista psicossocial, jurídico-legal e de segurança. A monitorização da sua prevalência e manifestações, a compreensão das condições em que ocorre, a eficácia da sua prevenção e a adequação das formas de intervenção são questões de debate entre as entidades competentes. Metodologia: Este painel reúne diferentes especialistas, com experiência na investigação e avaliação do fenómeno, junto da população jovem em contexto escolar, de grupos de risco e dos jovens com medidas tutelares educativas aplicadas, nomeadamente a medida de internamento. Resultados: Fazendo-se uma breve caraterização do fenómeno nos três grupos populacionais referidos, são apresentadas e discutidas as medidas atualmente aplicadas e a sua adequação ao perfil de necessidades destes jovens. Conclusões: A elevada prevalência de jovens em risco ou em situação de desproteção entre aqueles que cometem crimes permite constatar a sobreposição e continuidade dos fatores de risco e a necessidade de intervenção nos mesmos, assim como de adequação das medidas de proteção e de promoção dos direitos para correção das trajetórias desviantes, a montante do cometimento do crime, e de acompanhamento psicossocial, a jusante.introduction: Juvenile delinquency in Portugal is, generally speaking, a phenomenon with a moderate social expression, arousing, however, relevant concerns both from psychosocial and legal points of view, as well as from a security perspective. Monitoring its prevalence and manifestations, understanding the conditions in which it occurs and the effectiveness of intervention are issues of debate between the competent authorities. methodology: This panel brings together experts with experience in research and evaluation of this phenomenon, among young people in schools, risk groups and young people subject to juvenile court proceedings, particularly, internment measures. results: After a brief characterization of the phenomenon in these three population groups, we discuss legal and psychosocial intervention and their appropriateness to the profile of needs of these youngsters. conclusions: The high prevalence of young people at risk between those who commit crimes allows us to verify the overlap and continuity of the same risk factors and the need to effectively intervene early in the life course, as well as the need for appropriate protective measures to correct deviant paths before the commission of crime and, after having been committed, the need for psychosocial supportCIEC - Centro de Investigação em Estudos da Criança, IE, UMinho (UI 317 da FCT), Portugal; Fundos Nacionais através da FCT (Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia) e cofinanciado pelo Fundo Europeu de Desenvolvimento Regional (FEDER) através do COMPETE 2020 – Programa Operacional Competitividade e Internacionalização (POCI) com a referência POCI-01-0145-FEDER-007562info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Effects of transcranial direct current stimulation in dysphagic patients: Efeitos da estimulação transcraniana por corrente contínua em pacientes disfágicos

To determine the effects and effectiveness of transcranial direct current electrical stimulation in patients with complaints of gluttony. RESEARCH STRATEGIES: This is a systematic review and meta-analysis, qualitative and quantitative article. PubMed, ScienceDirect, and BVS Regional Portal were used as databases. They were only clinically controlled and/or randomized clinical trials from 2011 to 2020. SELECTION CRITERIA: Descriptors were used in a combined way: [(dysphagia AND tDCS) OR (dysphagia AND "transcranial stimulation") OR (tDCS AND swallowing)]. DATA ANALYSIS: Meta-analysis was performed using R statistical software version 4.0.2. When grouping effect sizes in Meta-analysis, two approaches were used: the Fixed Effects Model and the Random Effects model. RESULTS: After applying the selection criteria, 5 articles met the requirements for qualitative analysis and 3 for quantitative analysis (meta-analysis). The studies included had a mean of 5.2 years ± 2.38 years of publication and population obtained from patients with changes in gluttony after stroke. A stimulation modality chosen for intervention was the anodic type (n = 5; 100%), prioritizing a representation of the pharynx in the cortex engine, ranging from 4 to 30 combined tDCS. CONCLUSION: There was clinical improvement in the patients, with therapeutic advances being important in the medium term. It is noteworthy that the importance of conducting clinical studies with a greater number of participants is to carry out possible greater sedimentation of the technique in rehabilitating motor, sensory, and/or mixed swallowing genesis disorders

Knowledge and professional practice on conservation of vaccines

Objective: To assess knowledge and practices for the conservation of biological products for professional rooms vaccine in Piauí. Method: Study developed in 23 rooms vaccine in 14 counties. Data were collected through interviews, observation and document analysis. Univariate analyzes were performed. Results: In the 23 rooms vaccines visits, 86,2% were technical professionals/nursing assistant, 93,1% received training in vaccination, 62,1% were under five years of work in vaccine. The majority (69%) had knowledge "Regular" and practice "Inadequate" (65,5%). Knowledge "Inappropriate" was observed in those with longer formed (17,4 years) and a longer duration of vaccine units (7 years). However the practice classified as "Regular" was observed among those who had more time working in vaccine (8,3 years). Conclusion: It is important to invest in the training of these professionals, since the knowledge and practice were not considered satisfactory

Effectiveness of gallium and aluminum Arsenide laser in bone repair/Efetividade do laser de Arseneto de gálio e alumínio no reparo ósseo

Introdução - O conhecimento de métodos que estimulem a consolidação óssea vem adquirindo considerável importância atualmente. Dentre eles, estudos experimentais com laserterapia mostraram-se promissores. Objetivo -  avaliar o efeito de diferentes doses de Laser de baixa potência (LBP) sobre o processo de consolidação óssea em Rattus norvegicus. Métodos - Utilizaram-se 45 ratos da espécie rattus norvegicus, divididos em quatro grupos, um controle e três terapêuticos (4J, 6J, 10J) com aplicação de LBP em lesões nas tíbias esquerdas. Após o sacrifício, analisaram-se as dosagens bioquímicas de cálcio, fósforo, fosfatase alcalina e a densidade mineral óssea média. Quanto aos níveis séricos de fósforo, observou-se maior concentração nos grupos terapêuticos. Resultados - Verificaram-se resultados distintos entre os grupos de animais irradiados, sendo encontrada maior concentração de fosfatase alcalina no de 6J, e conforme a medição da densidade mineral óssea, o de 4J apresentou maior valor, e o de 10J, o menor. Conclusão - o laser favorece a remodelação óssea, porém conforme a análise radiográfica, os melhores resultados foram obtidos com dosagem de 4J, apesar da análise bioquímica, evidenciar altos níveis de fosfatase alcalina sérica no grupo de 6J

Quality of life of elderly people attended by the Family Health Strategy

Objective: To assess the quality of life of elderly people assisted by the Family Health Strategy. Method: Cross-sectional, descriptive-exploratory and quantitative study conducted at the homes of elderly people in the urban area of Floriano - PI. The sample was composed of 671 elderly people. Data were collected by using WHOQOL-Bref and a questionnaire for social-demographic information. The data were processed with the Chi-square test and analysis of hierarchy grouping. Results: The majority of the study was composed of females (65,3%). Most of the elderly people surveyed lived without a spouse, with monthly income ranging between 1 and 3 minimum salaries and had very good quality of life (66,2%). Most of the latter were males (69,5%), with significant difference between genres (p=0.021). Conclusion: The majority of the elderly people surveyed had good quality of life according to scores from the dominions evaluated by WHOQOL-Bref, showing higher scores in the dominion of social relationships and lower scores in the dominion of environment

Workaholism e burnout entre docentes de pós-graduação stricto sensu

OBJECTIVE To analyze the association of excessive work and compulsive work with the dimensions of the burnout syndrome in masters and doctoral professors of Languages, Literature, and Linguistics in Brazil. METHODS Cross-sectional study carried out with 585 permanent professors of stricto sensu graduate studies in Languages, Literature, and Linguistics in Brazil. Data collection took place between February and August 2019, by an online questionnaire. The outcomes of this study were the compulsive work and excessive work dimensions of the Dutch Work Addiction Scale, the Maslach Burnout Inventory TM dimensions and their associated factors, identified by multiple logistic regression models. RESULTS Professors with a high level of excessive work (29.40%) had 2.75 times the chance of high emotional exhaustion and 2.08 times the chance of high depersonalization. Regarding professors with a high level of compulsive work (8.03%), they had 4.88 times the chance of high emotional exhaustion and 2.97 times the chance of high depersonalization. No association of excessive work and compulsive work with low professional fulfillment was identified. CONCLUSION The results showed a statistically significant association of excessive work and compulsive work with high emotional exhaustion and high depersonalization, allowing managers and professors to reflect the criteria that guide their work processes, to adopt management models, institutional regulatory policies, and strategies to improve the working conditions and health of professors.OBJETIVO Analisar a associação entre trabalho excessivo e trabalho compulsivo com as dimensões da síndrome de burnout em docentes de mestrado e doutorado em Letras e Linguística do Brasil. MÉTODOS Estudo transversal realizado com 585 docentes permanentes de pós-graduação stricto sensu em Letras e Linguística do Brasil. A obtenção dos dados ocorreu entre fevereiro e agosto de 2019, por meio de um questionário online. Os desfechos deste estudo foram as dimensões trabalho compulsivo e trabalho excessivo da escala Dutch Work Addiction Scale, as dimensões da Maslach Burnout Inventory TM e seus fatores associados, identificados por modelos múltiplos de regressão logística. RESULTADOS Docentes com alto nível de trabalho excessivo (29,40%) apresentaram 2,75 vezes a chance de exaustão emocional alta e 2,08 vezes a chance de despersonalização alta. Quanto aos docentes com alto nível de trabalho compulsivo (8,03%), apresentaram 4,88 vezes a chance de exaustão emocional alta e 2,97 vezes a chance de despersonalização alta. Não foi identificado associação entre trabalho excessivo e trabalho compulsivo com a baixa realização profissional. CONCLUSÃO Os resultados mostraram que existe uma associação estatisticamente significativa entre trabalho excessivo e trabalho compulsivo com exaustão emocional alta e despersonalização alta, possibilitando aos gestores e docentes refletirem os critérios que norteiam seus processos laborais, a fim de adotarem modelos de gestão, políticas reguladoras institucionais e estratégias adequadas para melhorar as condições de trabalho e saúde dos docentes

Adaptação aos impactos das mudanças climáticas na perspectiva do plano diretor da cidade do Recife

Defining measures for climate change adaptation is a complex task given the existence of social, environmental, and economic demands, particularly in cities with poor urban infrastructure. As a result of analyzing the revision process of the Recife Master Plan, it is possible to observe that a reduction in the social and environmental vulnerabilities has implied carrying out more consistent studies, which may entail the implementation of structuring measures, and that environmental sustainability requires multilevel governance, with policy reforms on a global, regional and local scale, difficult to implement in the short term, although necessary for refocusing climate policies and for overcoming the inability to provide resources for a tailored adaptation infrastructure. The path to building a resilient city that provides a safer environment for the future depends on an inclusive development model, which enables the population to improve urban conditions and minimize the impacts brought about by extreme weather events.É complexa a tarefa de definir medidas de adaptação às mudanças climáticas diante da existência de demandas sociais, ambientais e econômicas, sobretudo em cidades que apresentam infraestrutura urbana deficiente. Como resultado da análise do processo de revisão do Plano Diretor do Recife (PDDR), vê-se que a redução das vulnerabilidades socioambientais implica a realização de estudos mais consistentes, que possam acarretar a implementação de medidas estruturadoras, e que a sustentabilidade ambiental demanda uma governança multinível, com reformas políticas em escala global, regional e local, de difícil aplicação no curto prazo, mas necessárias para reorientar as políticas do clima e superar a inabilidade de prover os recursos para uma infraestrutura adequada à adaptação. O caminho para construir uma cidade resiliente, que proporcione um ambiente mais seguro para as futuras gerações, depende de um modelo de desenvolvimento inclusivo, que permita melhorar as condições urbanas para a população e minimizar os impactos ocasionados pelos eventos climáticos extremos