Successful isolation and cultivation of Cylindrospermopsis raciborskii strains isolated from finished drinking water samples

This work presents the successful establishment of Cylindrospermosis raciborskii cultures isolated from water samples collected at the exit point of Water Treatment Plant (WTP). An intense bloom dominated by filamentous cyanobacteria (Aphanizomenon spp., Planktothrix spp., Cylindrospermosis raciborskii, Anabaena spp.) occurred in the summer of 2015 in Roxo reservoir (south Portugal). Several cyanotoxins (microcystins, saxitoxins, cylindrospermopsin) were detected in raw and treated water, although at levels below the corresponding regulatory and/or guideline values. Nevertheless, this bloom caused intense unpleasant odour and taste in the water supplied to the populations and cyanobacterial cells (up to 1000 cells.mL-1) were detected in finished water samples collected at the exit point of WTP. Treated water samples collected at the WTP and at the city water deposit were inoculated in Z8 culture medium and cyanobacterial growth was followed by optical microscopy. After 30 days, cyanobacterial growth was observed showing resistance to the treatment processes and maintenance of reprodution capacity. Interestingly, morphometric and molecular analysis revealed the presence of C. raciborskii. Three isolates of this species were obtained and none were cylindrospermopsin- or microcystins-producers, as confirmed by Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assays (ELISA) and by amplification of genes (PS, PKS, mcyA-cd, mcyAB, mcyB) involved in those cyanotoxin synthesis. However, the ELISA for saxitoxins was positive for the 3 isolates and confirmation of this toxin production is in progress. To our knowledge, this is the first report on the establishment of successful cultures of C. raciborskii that survived to conventional water treatment processes.N/

Enfermagem avançada em perioperatório: mais enfermagem na enfermagem – scoping review

Enquadramento: A EA é uma prática autónoma, especializada, expandida, relacional e do Cuidar, com uma relação simbiótica com a Disciplina e assente na prática baseada na evidência, com domínio da ontologia, na qual o enfermeiro avançado assume a tomada de decisão e liderança e traz contributos para o ensino, gestão, investigação e políticas públicas, traduzidos em visibilidade e desenvolvimento da Profissão. A Enfermagem Avançada tem permitido a obtenção de ganhos em saúde, maior satisfação das pessoas e dos profissionais de saúde e diminuição de custos. Objetivos: Mapear a evidência existente sobre a prática de enfermagem avançada em contexto perioperatório e identificar as mais-valias desta prática para as pessoas em situação perioperatória, famílias e sistemas de saúde, através das suas organizações, produzindo contributos para a sua implementação e disseminação Metodologia: Revisão scoping com metodologia do The Joanna Briggs Institute, versão de 2020. A pesquisa foi realizada nas bases de dados abertas, com texto completo e literatura cinzenta: Scientific Electronic Library Online (Scielo), Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde, BVSalud, PubMed, MEDLINE Complete (via EBSCOhost) e CINHAL Complete (via EBSCOhost), Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (RCAAP) e Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE). Definem-se como critérios de inclusão artigos científicos ou estudos académicos, editoriais, análises reflexivas ou outros formatos, disponíveis em texto integral, gratuitos e escritos em língua portuguesa, inglesa ou espanhola. Resultados: Foram incluídos 36 artigos. Os conceitos emergentes que traduzem ganhos em saúde são a diminuição de custos, qualidade de cuidados, os resultados em saúde (outcomes) e prática baseada na evidência. Os domínios da prática de enfermagem avançada em contexto perioperatório são educação, coordenação, investigação e inovação. Conclusão: O exercício de enfermagem avançada em contexto perioperatório desenvolve-se sobretudo nos domínios da educação (de pessoas em situação perioperatória e outros profissionais), coordenação de cuidados, processos, equipas e sistemas, investigação e inovação.info:eu-repo/semantics/draf

Flora aromática e medicinal do nordeste português: espécies, usos e saberes da Terra-Fria Transmontana

Um inventário florístico, realizado ao longo de cinco anos (2000-2005) nos termos de várias aldeias dos concelhos do Nordeste Transmontano, permitiu identificar cerca de 180 taxa de plantas vasculares, silvestres e cultivadas, tradicionalmente utilizados com fins aromáticos e medicinais e organizar um catálogo etnobotânico, onde para além da descrição das espécies mais usadas e citadas, se referem as indicações medicinais e os modos de emprego (Carvalho, 2005).Programa PRODEP, Medida 5. Acção 5.3 - Formação Avançada de Docentes. Projecto POCI/ANT/59395/2004, Etnobotânica do Nordeste Português:saberes, plantas e usos

Conocimientos acerca de plantas en la nueva ruralidad. Cambio social y agro ecología en el Parque Natural de Montesinho (Portugal)

En las últimas décadas, las regiones montañosas de Portugal han sufrido transformaciones económicas y una intensa disminución de la población que conllevaran modificaciones visibles de los agroecosistemas y en consecuencia del paisaje. Un estudio de caso, conducido en un espacio natural protegido de la provincia portuguesa de Trás-os-Montes (2006-2007) - el Parque Natural de Montesinho - y del ámbito del proyecto de investigación "Etnobotânica do Nordeste Português: saberes, plantas e usos", pretende comprobar que los conocimientos sobre plantas, sus usos y correspondiente manejo son la expresión de cambios culturales inherentes a estas dinámicas sociales y ecológicas.En un contexto social enmarcado por una "nueva ruralidad" (es decir, un modo diferente de encarar y vivir el mundo rural), coexisten conocimientos y usos tradicionales de plantas, muchos de raíz ancestral, y saberes adquiridos más recientemente e incorporados en la cultura local. El análisis de los conocimientos por género, edad, grado de escolaridad, experiencia migratoria de los informantes, permite enfocar y evaluar la pérdida de la memoria social y cultural. Los resultados que se presentan remiten aún para la discusión conceptual de los conocimientos ecológicos y tradicionales. Además, conllevan a una reflexión acerca de la preservación de estos saberes/prácticas y de la conservación de la naturaleza en el contexto de espacios naturales protegidos.For decades, the Northeastern Portugal, a mountainous territory along the Spanish border, has suffered from critical economic changes and a slow steady decline of the population that have had a degrading effect on the agroecosystems and rural landscape. A study case has been carried out inside a protected area from Trás-os-Montes (2006-2007), the Natural Park of Montesinho supported by the research project "Ethnobotany of the Northeastern Region of Portugal: local knowledge, plants and uses". How these changes are affecting the system of local knowledge of plant resources and the maintenance of traditional plant use practices are some of the questions that we address. Within a new social context, different rural life-ways have been designed. Traditional ecological knowledge (TEK) coexists with modern trends in plants knowledge and use, recently introduced in local culture by present-day media and popular books, for instance. People's knowledge, local perceptions and classifications of the natural environment have been confirmed and compared by gender, age, educational background, occupation and other personal data in order to analyse erosion of TEK and partial or total loss of social and cultural memory. Collected data focus on a conceptual discussion of TEK and provide some clues to the understanding of how important are TEK preservation, and the careful management of the environment and of natural resources for the conservation status of protected areas

The use of concept maps in teaching neurology in a physiotherapy course

A teaching and learning strategy that has recently emerged in higher education is the use of concept maps, which seems to allow the fostering of a environment of involvement of the students. The objectives of this study are to describe the use of concept maps (CM) as a teaching tool of Neurology to 2nd year Physiotherapy Students and to understand the satisfaction of these students with the elaboration of the CM and the perception of learning. Initially, an elementary CM about the pathophysiology of neurological diseases was created by the teachers, which was presented and explained to students. At the end of each week of classes, 3 clinical cases were provided to the students and they were asked to perform a group CM of these cases, based on the elementary CM and the contents covered that week. The CMs were conducted with the guidance of a 3rd grader who was trained in the structuring of the CMs. The students delivered the CM weekly and were evaluated. At the end of the course a written test was elaborated in which students had to individually elaborate a CM about 2 clinical cases. At the end of the course a questionnaire was distributed to evaluate the students' opinion about the use of CM as a teaching tool, which aimed to assess the degree of satisfaction and the perception of learning with this tool. It was feasible to organize this course based on the use of CM as a teaching tool. Of the 52 students enrolled in the course, 46 answered the questionnaire. All interviewed students (100%) agree that the use of CM is an effective strategy in teaching these themes and that this strategy allows them to better relate the contents covered throughout the course. This study showed that concept maps can be a valid teaching strategy in the training of physiotherapists.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Bringing neuroscience to education: using an innovative method: the “BRAIN” Method - for teaching human motor control in higher education students

The past decade has seen a tremendous interest in the potential of applying insights from neuroscience to educational settings. Some refer to this emerging field of translational research as ‘neuroeducation’, others call it: ‘mind, brain and education’ or ‘educational neuroscience’. After a review of the literature on neuroeducation we created a method based on and combined the most cited principles: Priming; Constructivism; Feedback; Motivation; Reward; Cooperative work and Self-assessment. So we created the method BRAIN, wich means – BRing what you know / Acquire new knowledge / Inquiring about what you have learned / aNalyze what you have learned. We use this method in the motor control course of the physiotherapy course of our school. The themes were distributed by modules of 2 classes (one theoretical and one practical) and each module was planned taking into account the BRAIN model. For the lectures, small preparatory activities were built to activate students' prior knowledge and prepare them for the class. During the classes the contents were presented by the teacher through a combination of expository method with interactive methods. For practical classes, activities were performed in small groups. For all modules the learning objectives were divided into 3 levels, basic, advanced and advanced +. Out of class students performed consolidation activities that gave them bonus points. During the course 2 written tests and an oral test were applied. We applied a satisfaction questionnaire and made a focus group to know the opinion of the students on the subject. After analyzing the questionnaire and the focal group we can conclude that the students were very satisfied with the implemented methodology. Regarding the grades, the performance of the class reached a very good level.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Medicinal plants: Past and present uses in several communities from the North-eastern Portugal

XX Symposium of Brazilian Medicinal Plants & X International Congress of Ethnopharmacology. S. Paulo, Brasil.Medicinal plants, past and present related uses emerged from broader studies conducted during several years inside 36 rural communities in Trás-os-Montes. This region, as other areas in the interior of Portugal, has seen socio-economic transformations since the 1960s that have altered landscape management and plant use. The surveys aimed to report traditional plant knowledge and uses (TK). In addition focused on the system of local knowledge on plant resources and prevalent traditional plant use and practices

Movement patterns during the process of standing up in children with spastic diplegia

A análise dos padrões de movimento de crianças com diplegia espástica (DE) durante o movimento de levantar pode contribuir para uma melhor compreensão do controle postural. O objetivo do estudo foi descrever os padrões de movimento durante esta tarefa em crianças com DE e com desenvolvimento típico e analisar as diferenças de acordo com a idade. Participaram 40 crianças (38-154 meses), 20 crianças com DE e 20 crianças com desenvolvimento típico. Os participantes foram instruídos para se deitarem em posição de decúbito dorsal e levantarem-se rapidamente (10 tentativas). As sessões foram gravadas e analisadas posteriormente. As crianças com DE apresentaram padrões de movimentos mais assimétricos e menos eficientes nos Membros Superiores (MS), Região Axial (RA) e Membros Inferiores (MI). As crianças mais velhas com DE não apresentaram padrões de movimento mais maduros e eficientes, e as mais velhas com desenvolvimento típico apresentaram padrões movimentos mais eficientes e maduros nos MS e RA

Local ecological knowledge also ‘comes from books’: cultural change, landscape transformation and conservation of biodiversity in two protected areas in Portugal

Artigo resultante de uma comunicação oral apresentada na 10th European Association of Social Anthropologists (EASA) Conference em Agosto de 2008, na Eslovénia. Tema central: Experiencing diversity and mutuality. Painel Societies and protected areasIndexado ao SSCI (Social Sciences Citation Index ®)The study of social and economic change and the consequent landscape transformation in the Parque Natural de Montesinho and theParque Natural de Douro Internacional (two protected areas of the Northeastern Portugal) allows us to discuss the ambivalent relation between the political aims of biodiversity preservation and the social reality in protected rural areas. Ethnographic research on plant use and nature discourses, together with an analysis of social differentiation (in terms of age, gender and schooling) of ethnobotanical knowledge show us how local people dynamically combine traditional and orally-transmitted knowledge with popular or then scientific exogenous ecological knowledge, especially that learned from the media and books. These data also makes possible a reflection on what way local culture is transformed into heritage within the context of protected areas.FCT - Fundação Ciência e Tecnologia (Portugal) e CIMO - Centro de Investigação de Montanha (Bragança, Portugal

Relatório de estágio [de] mestrado em optometria em ciências da visão

O objectivo deste trabalho centra-se na apresentação de patologias de casos clínicos que foram diagnosticados utilizando o método de angiografia fluoresceiníca e posterior discussão acerca da resolução dos casos clínicos. A estrutura do trabalho incide primeiro na história da angiografia, onde é feita uma descrição cronológica da evolução da angiografia, o seu significado e importância na área da medicina. Posteriormente é explicado quais as tentativas e experiências realizadas até chegar ao método da angiografia fluoresceiníca utilizada actualmente. É apresentada uma barra cronológica da evolução. Após isso é dada uma breve explicação da fluoresceína sódica, indicando os seus efeitos colaterais e as reacções adversas que podem advir da sua utilização. O procedimento na preparação do paciente para a realização da angiografia fluoresceiníca é também descrito, sendo esta acompanhada da explicação da técnica para a realização do exame. É ilustrado e explicado algumas patologias da coroide que podem ser detectadas aquando da realização da angiografia fluoresceiníca, bem como fenómenos de fluorescência, nomeadamente hiperfluorescência e hipofluorescência. De seguida é apresentado um caso clínico onde é apresentada a história clínica, a fundamentação teórica do caso, o seu diagnóstico e tratamento. Finalmente é feita a discussão sobre o caso clínico apresentado