Competitividad local de la agricultura ornamental en México

Se muestran las características socioeconómicas y técnicas de la agricultura ornamental en las localidades de San Felipe y Buenavista, en el Estado de México, bajo un escenario de competencia y de libre mercado, además de analizar las cualidades y la influencia de esta actividad en el desarrollo local de la región.La floricultura es considerada como una actividad competitiva y vinculada con la economía global. Su práctica se limita a ciertas regiones, entre ellas el municipio de Villa Guerrero, Estado de México, cuyo potencial florícola radica en las características de los recursos naturales, así como en las condiciones sociales. Estas cualidades han favorecido la participación de las unidades de producción familiar en el mercado nacional y la ampliación de la oferta de empleo local y regional, así como el mejoramiento de los ingresos. Este trabajo muestra las características socioeconómicas y técnicas de la agricultura ornamental en las localidades de San Felipe y Buenavista, en el escenario económico de la competencia y del libre mercado

First approach to review Badlands landscape evolution in Quaternary

Badlands are defined with different criteria: lithological conditions, weathering processes, landform features, agriculture potentiality, and even the difficulty of being crossed by humans. “Badlands” refers to regions that have soft and poorly consolidated material outcrops, limited vegetation, reduced or no human activity, and a wide range of geomorphic processes, such as weathering, erosion, landslides, and piping. These features interact at different spatial and temporal scales to shape these distinct landforms. Three general initiation patterns can be distinguished: first two patterns correspond to the expansion of hillslope gullies initiated at mid-slope sections, caused by within-slope conditions, or at the slope bottom, through a combination of within-slope and basal conditions; the third one to the disruption of a non-channelized hillslope by mass movements that open a bare soil or rock scar to weathering and water erosion. The analysis of these phenomena is particularly relevant in subhumid and humid badlands, where these landforms are relatively small and young, which means that their initiation can be physically examined. Conversely, in semi-arid and arid areas, badlands are usually very extensive and relatively old, so that their initiation factors are frequently obscured by the action of other drivers that control the long-term evolution of these systems. This study makes a first approach to review already published studies focussed on the Quaternary and landscape evolution in regions with Badlands. A list of publications in these topics was compiled using Scopus, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar. In total, the results showed 67, 52, 79, 99, and 0. The database is analysed with the purpose of shedding light to the question ‘how and why badlands appear and evolve?’ in order to better understand how the current Global Change can influence their future evolution, and their on and off-site effects in the eco-geomorphological system and human activities.Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech

Perception of neighborhood crime and drugs Increases cardiometabolic risk in Chilean adolescents

PURPOSE: Studies report an association between neighborhood risk and both obesity and cardiometabolic risk factors (CMR) among adolescents. Here we describe the effect of perceived neighborhood risk on adiposity and CMR among Chilean adolescents. METHODS: Participants were 523 low- to middle-income Chilean adolescents. We assessed neighborhood risk in early adolescence, adiposity in childhood and in early and later adolescence, and blood pressure and fasting glucose in later adolescence. Neighborhood risk profiles were estimated using latent profile analysis (LPA) and based on reported perceptions of crime and drug sales/use. Using linear and logistic regression, we examined the effect of neighborhood risk on adiposity and CMR. RESULTS: Mean age in early and later adolescence was 14 and 17 years, respectively. Participants were 52% male, with a mean BMI z-score of .67, and 8% met criteria for metabolic syndrome. LPA identified two neighborhood profiles: 61% low risk and 39% high risk. In later adolescence, being in the high risk profile predicted a higher BMI z-score, waist-to-height ratio, and fat mass index (p < .05). Adolescents in the high risk profile had three times greater odds of meeting criteria for metabolic syndrome (OR = 3.1, 95% CI: 1.5, 5.8) compared with those in the low risk profile. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest that there are physiological responses to living in a neighborhood perceived as "risky," which may contribute to obesity and CMR even in adolescence. For Chilean neighborhoods with high crime and drugs, targeted public health interventions and policies for youth could be beneficial.This research was funded by R01HL088530 (NIH-NHLBI, PI: Gahagan); R01HD33487 (NIH-NICHD, PIs: Lozoff and Gahagan); R01DA021181 (NIH-NIDA, PI: Delva). The first author acknowledges D. Eastern Kang Sim for his support. All authors would like to thank the study participants for their on-going commitment to the project. (R01HL088530 - NIH-NHLBI; R01HD33487 - NIH-NICHD; R01DA021181 - NIH-NIDA

Amaranth sprouts: A potential health promoting and nutritive natural food

Amaranth sprouts are an edible food with good nutritional qualities and potential biological activities of their proteins. The chemical composition, angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitory activity and antioxidant activity of the sprouts were determined. Sprouts showed a protein content similar to the seeds on a dry basis (16%) and a high fiber content (17%). Amaranth sprout proteins presented a capacity to inhibit angiotensin converting enzyme activity similar to other plant proteins (IC50 = 0.9 ± 0.6 mg/mL). This capacity increased after in vitro gastrointestinal digestion (IC50 = 0.26 ± 0.07 mg/mL). Besides other non protein molecules, the amaranth sprout proteins also presented ABTS+. scavenging activity (TEAC = 0.32 ± 0.05 mol/mg) that increased after in vitro gastrointestinal digestion (TEAC = 0.72 ± 0.08 mol/mg) and oxygen radical antioxidant capacity. According to these results amaranth sprouts are a nutritive food with potential health promoting properties.Fil: Aphalo, Paula. Provincia de Buenos Aires. Gobernación. Comisión de Investigaciones Científicas. Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Criotecnología de Alimentos. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Criotecnología de Alimentos. Universidad Nacional de la Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas. Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Criotecnología de Alimentos; ArgentinaFil: Martinez, Estela Nora. Provincia de Buenos Aires. Gobernación. Comisión de Investigaciones Científicas. Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Criotecnología de Alimentos. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Criotecnología de Alimentos. Universidad Nacional de la Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas. Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Criotecnología de Alimentos; ArgentinaFil: Añon, Maria Cristina. Provincia de Buenos Aires. Gobernación. Comisión de Investigaciones Científicas. Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Criotecnología de Alimentos. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Criotecnología de Alimentos. Universidad Nacional de la Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas. Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Criotecnología de Alimentos; Argentin

Desarrollo rural y deterioro del bosque. Región interestatal del Alto Lerma

Esta investigación analiza las condiciones naturales y socioeconómicas de la región interestatal Alto Lerma, mediante una evaluación diagnóstica de las fortalezas, oportunidades, debilidades y amenazas que afectan la utilización de las áreas que corresponden a bosques templados. Se aportan elementos para repensar las formas de intervención y apropiación de los recursos forestales y se proponen estrategias para la atención social y ambiental de las comunidades rurales. Se analizó información cartográfica, estadística y documental, así como la obtenida por medio de entrevistas proporcionadas por funcionarios públicos

Mechanisms linking childhood weight status to metabolic risk in adolescence

BackgroundObesity is a risk factor for insulin resistance (IR) and metabolic disease.ObjectiveTo examine potential metabolic pathways linking childhood weight status to adolescent IR and metabolic risk.MethodsParticipants were 600 low‐ to middle‐income Chilean adolescents from a cohort studied since infancy as part of an iron deficiency anemia preventive trial and follow‐up study. We examined body mass index z‐score at 10 y (BMIz‐10y) and blood pressure, total fat, and fasting glucose, adiponectin to leptin ratio (A:L), ghrelin, and HOMA‐IR at 16 y. A total count for metabolic risk factors (MRF) was calculated using the International Diabetes Federation criteria. We used path analysis to estimate pathways and model indirect effects from BMIz‐10y, controlling for child age and sex and maternal body mass index (BMI).ResultsParticipants were 54% male; mean BMIz‐10y of 0.53 (SD = 1.02); mean MRF of 1.3 (SD = 0.9); mean HOMA‐IR of 1.8 (SD = 1.3). Path analysis showed that BMIz‐10y directly and indirectly related to increased MRF via A:L and HOMA‐IR. Ghrelin was not in the metabolic pathway from BMIz‐10y to MRF but was related to MRF via HOMA‐IR.ConclusionThese results elucidate metabolic pathways involving child weight status, IR and metabolic risk in adolescents. Childhood BMI was an indirect risk factor for adolescent cardiometabolic risk via several pathways that involved BMI, appetite hormones, markers of inflammation, and insulin resistance during adolescence. Findings illustrate the adverse effect that childhood obesity has on adolescent health outcomes, which sets precedence for health outcomes over the life course.Peer Reviewedhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/154250/1/pedi12972_am.pdfhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/154250/2/pedi12972.pd

Low bone mineral density in a cohort of normal, overweight and obese Chilean adolescents

Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/88121/1/j.1365-2702.2011.03959.x.pd

Green sample preparation strategies for organic/inorganic compounds in environmental samples

A rigorous evaluation of environmental contamination requires constant innovation in analytical approaches to gain early identification and accurate quantification of every substance able to compromise health and well-being. Particularly, when trace analysis of organic and inorganic contaminants, and their species, in complex environmental samples is required. The analytical process comprises several steps, above all sample treatment, involving isolation of analytes, purification of extracts and preconcentration, often constitute the most time and labor consuming part. This review provides an overview in sample-treatment procedures applied for the analysis of organic and inorganic compoundsin environmental samples in recent years. The current state of the art is emphasized on those techniques and approaches that have already demonstrated their sufficient analytical performance.Fil: Cerutti, Estela Soledad. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - San Luis. Instituto de Química de San Luis. Universidad Nacional de San Luis. Facultad de Química, Bioquímica y Farmacia. Instituto de Química de San Luis; ArgentinaFil: Pacheco, Pablo Hugo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - San Luis. Instituto de Química de San Luis. Universidad Nacional de San Luis. Facultad de Química, Bioquímica y Farmacia. Instituto de Química de San Luis; ArgentinaFil: Gil, Raul Andres. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - San Luis. Instituto de Química de San Luis. Universidad Nacional de San Luis. Facultad de Química, Bioquímica y Farmacia. Instituto de Química de San Luis; ArgentinaFil: Martinez, Luis Dante. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - San Luis. Instituto de Química de San Luis. Universidad Nacional de San Luis. Facultad de Química, Bioquímica y Farmacia. Instituto de Química de San Luis; Argentin