179 research outputs found
On the Kinematic Reconstruction of Deep Inelastic Scattering at HERA: the Method
We review and compare the reconstruction methods of the inclusive deep
inelastic scattering variables used at HERA. We introduce a new prescription,
the method, which allows to measure the structure function of the
proton in a large kinematic domain, and in particular in the low
x-low region, with small systematic errors and small radiative
corrections. A detailed comparison between the method and the other
methods is shown. Extensions of the method are presented. The effect
of QED radiation on the kinematic reconstruction and on the structure function
measurement is discussed.Comment: 18 pages, latex, 5 uuencoded figure
The synthetic antimicrobial peptide 19-2.5 attenuates septic cardiomyopathy and prevents down-regulation of SERCA2 in polymicrobial sepsis
LM has received grants by the Faculty of Medicine at the RWTH Aachen University (START 15/14 and
START 46/16) and the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG, MA 7082/1–1). This work was supported by
the Immunohistochemistry and Confocal Microscopy Unit, a core facility of the Interdisciplinary Centre for
Clinical Research (IZKF) Aachen, within the Faculty of Medicine at the RWTH Aachen University and the
RWTH centralized Biomaterial Database (RWTH cBMB) of the University Hospital RWTH Aachen. We are
very grateful to Antons Martincuks M.Sc. and Professor Gerhard Müller-Newen for live-cell imaging. This work
was supported, in part, by the University of Turin (ex-60% 2015A and B) and by the William Harvey Research
Foundation and forms part of the research themes contributing to the translational research portfolio of Barts
and the London Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit that is supported and funded by the National Institute
for Health Research. This work also contributes to the Organ Protection research theme of the Barts Centre for
Trauma Sciences supported by the Barts and The London Charity (Award 753/1722)
Energy Flow in the Hadronic Final State of Diffractive and Non-Diffractive Deep-Inelastic Scattering at HERA
An investigation of the hadronic final state in diffractive and
non--diffractive deep--inelastic electron--proton scattering at HERA is
presented, where diffractive data are selected experimentally by demanding a
large gap in pseudo --rapidity around the proton remnant direction. The
transverse energy flow in the hadronic final state is evaluated using a set of
estimators which quantify topological properties. Using available Monte Carlo
QCD calculations, it is demonstrated that the final state in diffractive DIS
exhibits the features expected if the interaction is interpreted as the
scattering of an electron off a current quark with associated effects of
perturbative QCD. A model in which deep--inelastic diffraction is taken to be
the exchange of a pomeron with partonic structure is found to reproduce the
measurements well. Models for deep--inelastic scattering, in which a
sizeable diffractive contribution is present because of non--perturbative
effects in the production of the hadronic final state, reproduce the general
tendencies of the data but in all give a worse description.Comment: 22 pages, latex, 6 Figures appended as uuencoded fil
A Search for Selectrons and Squarks at HERA
Data from electron-proton collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 300 GeV
are used for a search for selectrons and squarks within the framework of the
minimal supersymmetric model. The decays of selectrons and squarks into the
lightest supersymmetric particle lead to final states with an electron and
hadrons accompanied by large missing energy and transverse momentum. No signal
is found and new bounds on the existence of these particles are derived. At 95%
confidence level the excluded region extends to 65 GeV for selectron and squark
masses, and to 40 GeV for the mass of the lightest supersymmetric particle.Comment: 13 pages, latex, 6 Figure
Treatment of active lupus nephritis with the novel immunosuppressant 15-deoxyspergualin: an open-label dose escalation study
Introduction: As the immunosuppressive potency of 15-deoxyspergualin (DSG) has been shown in the therapy of renal transplant rejection and Wegener's granulomatosis, the intention of this study was to evaluate the safety of DSG in the therapy of lupus nephritis (LN). Methods: Patients with histologically proven active LN after prior treatment with at least one immunosuppressant were treated with 0.5 mg/kg normal body weight/day DSG, injected subcutaneously for 14 days, followed by a break of one week. These cycles were repeated to a maximum of 9 times. Doses of oral corticosteroids were gradually reduced to 7.5 mg/day or lower by cycle 4. Response was measured according to a predefined decision pattern. The dose of DSG was adjusted depending on the efficacy and side effects. Results: 21 patients were included in this phase-I/II study. After the first DSG injection, one patient was excluded from the study due to renal failure. 5 patients dropped out due to adverse events or serious adverse events including fever, leukopenia, oral candidiasis, herpes zoster or pneumonia. 11/20 patients achieved partial (4) or complete responses (7), 8 were judged as treatment failures and one patient was not assessable. 12 patients completed all 9 cycles; in those patients, proteinuria decreased from 5.88g/day to 3.37g/day (P = 0.028), Selena-SLEDAI decreased from 17.6 to 11.7. In 13/20 patients, proteinuria decreased by at least 50%; in 7 patients to less than 1g/day. Conclusions: Although the number of patients was small, we could demonstrate that DSG provides a tolerably safe treatment for LN. The improvement in proteinuria encourages larger controlled trials
Propranolol in the treatment of infantile haemangiomas:lessons from the European Propranolol In the Treatment of Complicated Haemangiomas (PITCH) Taskforce survey
Oral propranolol is widely prescribed as first line treatment for infantile haemangiomas (IHs) and anecdotally prescribing practice differs widely between centres
Working Group Report on the Structure of the Proton
We summarize the developments on the structure of the proton that were
studied at the Workshop on "HERA Physics" that was held in Durham in September
1995. We survey the latest structure function data; we overview the QCD
interpretations of the measurements of the structure functions and of final
state processes; we discuss charm production and the spin properties of the
proton.Comment: 45 pages, latex file using epsfig and ioplppt macros. Figures
included, but full resolution figure files and postscript file of the whole
paper are available via anonymous ftp at
ftp://cpt1.dur.ac.uk/pub/preprints/dtp96/dtp962
State of the Art Review: Emerging Therapies: The Use of Insulin Sensitizers in the Treatment of Adolescents with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS)
PCOS, a heterogeneous disorder characterized by cystic ovarian morphology, androgen excess, and/or irregular periods, emerges during or shortly after puberty. Peri- and post-pubertal obesity, insulin resistance and consequent hyperinsulinemia are highly prevalent co-morbidities of PCOS and promote an ongoing state of excess androgen. Given the relationship of insulin to androgen excess, reduction of insulin secretion and/or improvement of its action at target tissues offer the possibility of improving the physical stigmata of androgen excess by correction of the reproductive dysfunction and preventing metabolic derangements from becoming entrenched. While lifestyle changes that concentrate on behavioral, dietary and exercise regimens should be considered as first line therapy for weight reduction and normalization of insulin levels in adolescents with PCOS, several therapeutic options are available and in wide use, including oral contraceptives, metformin, thiazolidenediones and spironolactone. Overwhelmingly, the data on the safety and efficacy of these medications derive from the adult PCOS literature. Despite the paucity of randomized control trials to adequately evaluate these modalities in adolescents, their use, particularly that of metformin, has gained popularity in the pediatric endocrine community. In this article, we present an overview of the use of insulin sensitizing medications in PCOS and review both the adult and (where available) adolescent literature, focusing specifically on the use of metformin in both mono- and combination therapy
Perinatal asphyxia: current status and approaches towards neuroprotective strategies, with focus on sentinel proteins
Delivery is a stressful and risky event menacing the newborn. The mother-dependent respiration has to be replaced by autonomous pulmonary breathing immediately after delivery. If delayed, it may lead to deficient oxygen supply compromising survival and development of the central nervous system. Lack of oxygen availability gives rise to depletion of NAD+ tissue stores, decrease of ATP formation, weakening of the electron transport pump and anaerobic metabolism and acidosis, leading necessarily to death if oxygenation is not promptly re-established. Re-oxygenation triggers a cascade of compensatory biochemical events to restore function, which may be accompanied by improper homeostasis and oxidative stress. Consequences may be incomplete recovery, or excess reactions that worsen the biological outcome by disturbed metabolism and/or imbalance produced by over-expression of alternative metabolic pathways. Perinatal asphyxia has been associated with severe neurological and psychiatric sequelae with delayed clinical onset. No specific treatments have yet been established. In the clinical setting, after resuscitation of an infant with birth asphyxia, the emphasis is on supportive therapy. Several interventions have been proposed to attenuate secondary neuronal injuries elicited by asphyxia, including hypothermia. Although promising, the clinical efficacy of hypothermia has not been fully demonstrated. It is evident that new approaches are warranted. The purpose of this review is to discuss the concept of sentinel proteins as targets for neuroprotection. Several sentinel proteins have been described to protect the integrity of the genome (e.g. PARP-1; XRCC1; DNA ligase IIIα; DNA polymerase β, ERCC2, DNA-dependent protein kinases). They act by eliciting metabolic cascades leading to (i) activation of cell survival and neurotrophic pathways; (ii) early and delayed programmed cell death, and (iii) promotion of cell proliferation, differentiation, neuritogenesis and synaptogenesis. It is proposed that sentinel proteins can be used as markers for characterising long-term effects of perinatal asphyxia, and as targets for novel therapeutic development and innovative strategies for neonatal care
A Measurement of the Proton Structure Function
A measurement of the proton structure function is reported
for momentum transfer squared between 4.5 and 1600 and
for Bjorken between and 0.13 using data collected by the
HERA experiment H1 in 1993. It is observed that increases
significantly with decreasing , confirming our previous measurement made
with one tenth of the data available in this analysis. The dependence is
approximately logarithmic over the full kinematic range covered. The subsample
of deep inelastic events with a large pseudo-rapidity gap in the hadronic
energy flow close to the proton remnant is used to measure the "diffractive"
contribution to .Comment: 32 pages, ps, appended as compressed, uuencoded fil
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