Respons Pertumbuhan Bibit Jeruk JC Terhadap Pemberian CaCO3 Dan Pupuk P Pada Ultisol

Penelitian responss pertumbuhan bibit jeruk Japansche Citroen, terhadap pemberian CaCO3 dan pupuk P pada ultisoltelah dilakukan di rumah kaca Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Gadjah Mada dari bulan Mei hingga Sep tem ber 2001.Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui respons pertumbuhan bibit jeruk JC pada ultisol yang diberi CaCO3 dan pupukP. Hipotesis penelitian adalah pemberian CaCO3 dan pupuk P pada ultisol meningkatkan pertumbuhan bibit jeruk JCPenelitian disusun dalam rancangan acak lengkap faktorial. Faktor pertama adalah dosis CaCO3 dalam empat taraf(0,00; 7,31; 14,62; dan 21,93 g/kg tanah setara dengan 0; 6,25; 12,50; dan 18,75 ton/ha CaCO3) dan faktor keduaadalah dosis pupuk P dalam empat taraf (0,00; 0,052; 0,104; dan 0,156 g/kg P2O5 setara dengan 0; 100; 200; dan 300kg/ha P2O5). Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa pemberian CaCO3 hingga dosis 14,62 g/kg setara 12,50 ton/haCaCO3 jika dikombinasikan dengan dengan P2O5 meningkatkan pertumbuhan bibit jeruk secara nyata. Pertumbuhanterbaik diperoleh pada kombinasi 14,62 g/kg CaCO3 dengan 0,052 g/kg P2O5 setara 100 kg/ha. Pemberian CaCO3>14,62 g/kg berakibat menurunnya pertumbuhan tanaman meskipun diberi pupuk P. Hasil penelitian ini diharapkandapat mendukung penelitian dan pengembangan jeruk pada ultisol.The responsse of cit rus seed ling growth of Japansche Citroen to CaCO3 and P fer -til izer, to which were added on ultisol, has been stud ied. This study was con ducted from May un til Sep tem ber2001,and held at green house of Ag ri cul ture Fac ulty of Gadjah Mada Uni ver sity. The ob jec tive of the study was to findout the cit rus seed ling of JC grown on ultisol and added by sev eral dos ages of CaCO3 and P fer til izer. The hypotesis ofthe study was that there was an in crease of cit rus seed ling growth by sup ply ing of CaCO3 and P fer til izer. The de sign ofthe was com pletely ran dom ized fac to rial. The first fac tor was the dos age of CaCO3 which was given at four lev els (0;7,31; 14,62; and 21,93 g/kg soil were equiv a lent to 0; 6,25; 12,50; and 18,75 ton/ha CaCO3). The sec ond fac tor was Pfer til izer which con sisted of four lev els (0; 0,052; 0,104; and 0,156 g/kg soil corresponsd to 0; 100; 200; dan 300 kg/haP2O5). The re sult showed that the ap pli ca tion of 14,62 gkg-1 CaCO3 (12,50 ton/ha CaCO3) com bined with 0,052 g/kgP2O5 (100 kg/ha P2O5) gave the best growth while the ap pli ca tion of more than 14,62 g/kg CaCO3 de creased plantgrowth. This pre lim i nary study was hoped to be a ref er ence for fur ther re search and de vel op ment of cit rus in ultisol

Upaya Menurunkan Emisi NOx Engine Diesel dengan Pengaplikasian Sistem Injeksi Bertingkat

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menurunkan kadar emisi gas buang NOx dari hasil pembakaran campuran bahn bakar dan udara pada engine diesel diamond di-800 dengan menggunakan bahan bakar biodiesel B20. Penelitian ini dilakukan secara eksperimental dengan melakukan modivikasi pada engine diesel Diamond di-800 sitem injeksi konvensional menjadi injeksi bertingkat atau split injection yang dikontrol secara elektronik. Pengujian dilakukan dengan kecepatan konstan 1500 rpm dan menggunakan beban elektris lampu variasi beban dengan 200 watt sampai dengan 2000 watt dengan interval 200 watt. Variasi pada sistim penginjeksian bahan bakar ke ruang bakar dengan variasi injeksi 100%-0%, injeksi 75%-25%, injeksi 50%-50%, dan injeksi 25%-75%. Hasil yang didapat dari penelitian ini adalah pengaplikasian injeksi bertingkat pada engine diesel diamond di-800 efektif untuk menurunkan emisi gas buang NOx berturut-turut injeksi 75%-25%, injeksi 50%-50%, dan injeksi 25%-75% sebesar 46%, 56% dan 45% jika dibandingkan dengan injeksi tunggal atau single injection (variasi 100%)

Hubungan Antara Ketersediaan Hara Tanah Dengan Cemaran Getah Kuning Pada Buah Manggis

. Martias, Poerwanto, R, Anwar, S, and Hidayati, R 2012. Relationship between Nutrient Availability of Soil with Yellow Sap Contamination on Mangosteen Fruits. Yellow sap contamination on mangosteen fruits is a major problem that causes poor quality on mangosteen fruits for export. Soil nutrients availability would be expected influence directly and indirectly in eliminating or inducing yellow sap contamination. Research relationship between nutrients availability with yellow sap contamination on mangosteen fruits was done in some mangosteen production center areas in the Village Karacak, Barengkok, Garogek, and Pusaka Mulia (West Java), Koto Lua, Baringin, Pakandangan, Padang Laweh, and Lalan (West Sumatera), and Sukarame (Lampung), from December 2009 to July 2011. Research sites at the village level were determined by interviewing traders at district and village levels using purposive sampling technique. At each location of 10 from center production that was selected, determined 10 plants representative to observe, each plant taken 100 fruits sample. Mangosteen fruits were observed for all sites reach 10 thousand pieces (1,000 pieces for each location). Soil samples were taken at the root zone of each tree and analyzed the chemical properties and soil nutrient availability. The results showed that the yellow sap contamination of mangosteen fruits was directly controlled by the availability of Ca and Mn in the soil. The availability of K, P, Mg, Cu, Zn, and B in the soil indirectly affected yellow sap contamination. Calcium played to eliminate and Mn contributed to induces yellow sap contamination, either aryl and the skin of mangosteen fruits. The results of this study can be used as the basis for the study contaminat control yellow sap of the mangosteen fruits

PEMBUATAN ROBOT MENGGUNAKAN SENSOR ULTRASONIC HC-SR04 BERBASIS MIKROKONTOROLER ATMEGA 328

Tingkat kecelakaan seperti pembersihan limbah beracun, penjelajahan bawah air dan luar angkasa, pertambangan,dan untuk pencariantambang,akanmempunyai resiko kecelakaan kerja yang cukup tinggi kejadian tersebut muncul inovasi yang mana dibuat sebuah robot yang berfungsi untuk menghindari halangan sebagaimana robot tersebut akan berhenti secara perlahan dan akan berhenti dengan jarak yang sudah ditentukan, sehinngga dapat mengurangi tingkat kecelakaan kerja. Belakangan ini robot mulai memasuki pasaran konsumen di bidang hiburan, dan alat pembantu rumah tangga, seperti penyedot debu,  pemotong rumput, dan sebagainya. Untuk merancang suatu robot yang bekerja menggunakan pergerakan otomatis dengan perpaduan antara hardware (sensor-sensor) dan software. Hal ini difungsikan agar alat dapat berjalan sesuai yang di inginkan. Dalam proses robot berjalan dengan menggunakan sensor sebagai navigasi. Sensor ultrasonic pada robot tersebut berfungsi membaca pergerakan, jadi robot dapat terus berjalan sesuai perintah program yang penulis buat. Sensor yang bekerja sebagai navigasi adalah sensor ultrasonic dimana sensor ini mampu mendeteksi adanya halangan yang berada didepannya, sehingga robot dapat berjalan dan menghindar sesuai perintah pada program. Tujuan dari penelitian ini membuat alat yang dapat membantu pekerja terhindar dari kecelakaan kerja yang tidak diinginka

From PALSA PLUS to PALM PLUS: adapting and developing a South African guideline and training intervention to better integrate HIV/AIDS care with primary care in rural health centers in Malawi

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Only about one-third of eligible HIV/AIDS patients receive anti-retroviral treatment (ART). Decentralizing treatment is crucial to wider and more equitable access, but key obstacles are a shortage of trained healthcare workers (HCW) and challenges integrating HIV/AIDS care with other primary care. This report describes the development of a guideline and training program (PALM PLUS) designed to integrate HIV/AIDS care with other primary care in Malawi. PALM PLUS was adapted from PALSA PLUS, developed in South Africa, and targets middle-cadre HCWs (clinical officers, nurses, and medical assistants). We adapted it to align with Malawi's national treatment protocols, more varied healthcare workforce, and weaker health system infrastructure.</p> <p>Methods/Design</p> <p>The international research team included the developers of the PALSA PLUS program, key Malawi-based team members and personnel from national and district level Ministry of Health (MoH), professional associations, and an international non-governmental organization. The PALSA PLUS guideline was extensively revised based on Malawi national disease-specific guidelines. Advice and input was sought from local clinical experts, including middle-cadre personnel, as well as Malawi MoH personnel and representatives of Malawian professional associations.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>An integrated guideline adapted to Malawian protocols for adults with respiratory conditions, HIV/AIDS, tuberculosis, and other primary care conditions was developed. The training program was adapted to Malawi's health system and district-level supervision structure. PALM PLUS is currently being piloted in a cluster-randomized trial in health centers in Malawi (ISRCTN47805230).</p> <p>Discussion</p> <p>The PALM PLUS guideline and training intervention targets primary care middle-cadre HCWs with the objective of improving HCW satisfaction and retention, and the quality of patient care. Successful adaptations are feasible, even across health systems as different as those of South Africa and Malawi.</p

Setting research priorities to improve global newborn health and prevent stillbirths by 2025.

BACKGROUND: In 2013, an estimated 2.8 million newborns died and 2.7 million were stillborn. A much greater number suffer from long term impairment associated with preterm birth, intrauterine growth restriction, congenital anomalies, and perinatal or infectious causes. With the approaching deadline for the achievement of the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) in 2015, there was a need to set the new research priorities on newborns and stillbirth with a focus not only on survival but also on health, growth and development. We therefore carried out a systematic exercise to set newborn health research priorities for 2013-2025. METHODS: We used adapted Child Health and Nutrition Research Initiative (CHNRI) methods for this prioritization exercise. We identified and approached the 200 most productive researchers and 400 program experts, and 132 of them submitted research questions online. These were collated into a set of 205 research questions, sent for scoring to the 600 identified experts, and were assessed and scored by 91 experts. RESULTS: Nine out of top ten identified priorities were in the domain of research on improving delivery of known interventions, with simplified neonatal resuscitation program and clinical algorithms and improved skills of community health workers leading the list. The top 10 priorities in the domain of development were led by ideas on improved Kangaroo Mother Care at community level, how to improve the accuracy of diagnosis by community health workers, and perinatal audits. The 10 leading priorities for discovery research focused on stable surfactant with novel modes of administration for preterm babies, ability to diagnose fetal distress and novel tocolytic agents to delay or stop preterm labour. CONCLUSION: These findings will assist both donors and researchers in supporting and conducting research to close the knowledge gaps for reducing neonatal mortality, morbidity and long term impairment. WHO, SNL and other partners will work to generate interest among key national stakeholders, governments, NGOs, and research institutes in these priorities, while encouraging research funders to support them. We will track research funding, relevant requests for proposals and trial registers to monitor if the priorities identified by this exercise are being addressed