Aprender a viver com a Diabetes Mellitus tipo 2!

A Diabetes é uma patologia cuja prevalência tem aumentado de forma exponencial, sobretudo nos grupos etários mais jovens, sendo imprescindível a criação e implementação de estratégias que permitam prevenir e controlar a diabetes reduzindo a mortalidade prematura e a morbilidade. Objetivo: Empoderar o individuo adulto com diabetes tipo 2 na gestão da sua saúde e prevenção de complicações tardias. Método: O projeto de intervenção comunitária baseou-se na metodologia do planeamento em saúde. Procedeu-se a aplicação de instrumentos de recolha de dados aos utentes adultos com diabetes tipo 2 e realizaram-se sessões de educação para a saúde. Resultados: Verificaram-se défices de conhecimento na dimensão controlo da doença e sintomatologia e défices no autocuidado - adoção de uma alimentação saudável e atividade física. Conclusão: A educação para saúde é uma estratégia de intervenção eficaz no empoderamento e capacitação dos indivíduos com diabetes tipo 2Diabetes is a pathology whose prevalence has increased exponentially, especially in younger age groups, it is essential to create and implement strategies to prevent and control diabetes, reducing premature mortality and morbidity. Objective: To empower the adult individual with diabetes type 2 in the management of their health and prevention of late complications. Method: The community intervention project is based on the health planning methodology. Data collection instruments were applied to adult users with diabetes type 2 and health education sessions were introduced. Results: There was a lack of knowledge in the dimension of the disease control, symptoms and deficits in self-care - adoption of a healthy diet and physical activity. Conclusion: Health education is an effective intervention strategy in the empowerment and training of individuals with diabetes type

Análise fatorial confirmatória da versão portuguesa da escala multidimensional de perfecionismo de Frost

This study aimed to analyse the psychometric properties and dimensionality of the Portuguese version of the Multidimensional Scale of Frost Perfectionism (FMPS) using the confirmatory factor analysis. The sample consisted of 832 high school and college students (65.0% female) with a mean age of 19.5. The adjustment indexes of confirmatory factor analysis permitted to consider the multidimensional model of six factors the best representation of the data, replicating the original solution. The results showed good reliability and appropriate validity. The internal consistency of the scale presented satisfactory coefficients (Cronbach's alpha=.853). The test-retest method suggested a good temporal stability of the scale (r=.779). Globally the FMPS is a reliable and validated instrument for the study of perfectionism in Portugal.Este estudo teve como objetivo analisar as propriedades psicométricas e a dimensionalidade da versão portuguesa da Escala Multidimensional de Perfecionismo de Frost (FMPS) recorrendo à análise fatorial confirmatória. A amostra foi constituída por 832 estudantes do ensino secundário e universitário (65.0% do sexo feminino), com uma média de idades de 19.5 anos. Os índices de ajustamento da análise fatorial confirmatória permitiram considerar o modelo multidimensional de seis fatores a melhor representação dos dados, replicando a solução original. Os resultados mostraram boas propriedades psicométricas. A consistência interna da escala apresentou coeficientes bastante satisfatórios (alfa de Cronbach=.853). O método teste-reteste sugeriu uma boa estabilidade temporal da escala (r=.779). Globalmente a FMPS é um instrumento fiável e validado para o estudo do perfecionismo em Portugal

Psychological distress symptoms and resilience assets in adolescents in residential care

Most studies with institutionalised children and adolescents focus on evaluating the impact of negative life events on emotional development. However, few have investigated the relationship between resilience assets and the teenagers’ psychopathological problems. The purpose of the present study was to investigate differences in psychological distress symptoms and in resilience assets in institutionalised and non-institutionalised adolescents. A total of 266 adolescents aged between 12 and 19 years old took part in the study (60.5% female): 125 lived in residential care and 144 resided with their families. Results found a significant and inverse relation between psychopathology and the perception of individual resilience assets, specifically with self-efficacy and self-awareness in the community sample, and with empathy in the institutionalised sample. Overall, and regardless of the age group, adolescents in residential care tend to perceive themselves as significantly less resilient in perceived self-efficacy and empathy, and they report fewer goals and aspirations for the future. The importance of promoting mental health and resilience assets in adolescents, particularly in those in residential care, is discussed. This can be achieved through early interventions that may prevent emotional suffering and deviant life paths, with transgenerational repercussions.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

A test of the 2 × 2 model of perfectionism with perceived distress, cognitive emotion regulation, and perfectionist cognitions

Based on within-person combinations of self-oriented perfectionism (SOP) and socially prescribed perfectionism (SPP), the 2 x 2 model asserts four personality subtypes: Non-Perfectionism, Pure SOP, Pure SPP, and Mixed Perfectionism. We tested whether these subtypes can be distinctively associated with perceived distress, cognitive emotion regulation (CER) strategies, and perfectionist cognitions. Results of multiple regressions with 213 adults (72.8% female, M = 34.07, SD = 12.04 years old) revealed that Pure SOP (compared with Non-Perfectionism) and Mixed Perfectionism (compared with Pure SPP) perceived similar levels of distress but reported more perfectionist cognitions and both adaptive and maladaptive CER strategies. The two subtypes associated with high SPP reported less adaptive CER strategies than the Pure SOP and Non-Perfectionism. The presence of the SOP facet did not mitigate the detrimental effects of the SPP facet on negative outcomes. On the contrary, the SOP facet seems to have a positive influence on the adoption of adaptive CER strategies and helps attenuate the detrimental effects of the SPP. Studies about the 2 x 2 model of perfectionism should focus on comparing the predicted values between each subtype of perfectionism.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Inventory of attitudes toward seeking mental health services: psychometric properties among adolescents

Mental health is an essential element of wellness; however, some populations are more vulnerable to mental health problems. Suicide is the second-highest cause of death in young people and help-seeking unwillingness is a significant obstacle to mental health interventions. Young people are especially reluctant to seek help and negative attitudes stand out as help-seeking barriers, highlighting the importance of evaluating these constructs. The Inventory of Attitudes toward Seeking Mental Health Services (IASMHS) is a measure that evaluates help-seeking attitudes; nevertheless, it lacks applicability in Portuguese youth. This study aims to explore the psychometric characteristics of the IASMHS in 750 Portuguese adolescents (52.3% female, Mage = 14.67), through exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis, and reliability and validity analyses. Results suggest that a three-factor structure was adequate, those factors being help-seeking propensity, indifference to stigma, and psychological openness. The IASMHS was shortened to 20 items and revealed satisfactory properties regarding internal consistency, convergent/discriminant validity, and temporal stability. These findings validate the IASMHS as an adequate tool in the assessment of young people’s help-seeking attitudes.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

The influence of planning and response inhibition on cognitive functioning of Non-Psychotic unipolar depressed suicide attempters

Depression is one of the main risk factors for suicide. However, little is known about the intricate relationships among depressive symptomatology in unipolar depression, suicide risk, and the characteristics of executive dysfunction in depressed patients. We compared 20 non-psychotic unipolar depressed suicide attempters to 20 matching depressed non-attempters and to 20 healthy controls to further investigate the possible differences in neuropsychological performance. Depressed subjects were controlled for current suicidal ideation, and their neuropsychological profile was assessed using a range of measures of executive functioning, attention, verbal memory, processing speed, and psychomotor speed. Depressed groups were outperformed by healthy controls. Depressed attempters presented more cognitive impairment than depressed non-attempters on a simple Go/No-go response inhibition task and performed better than non-attempters on the Tower of London planning task. Depressed attempters were clearly distinguished by a deficit in response inhibition (Go/No-go commission errors). The normative planning performance (Tower of London extra moves) of the suicide attempters was unexpected, and this unanticipated finding calls for further research. Normative planning may indicate an increased risk of suicidal behavior.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Tesla and the electric vehicle market in 2018

This Work Project presents a case study to be used in masters and executive education Strategy courses to better illustrate the dynamics of competition in markets with demand-side increasing returns. Through the real case of Tesla, this project intends to evaluate the strategic decisions pursued by the firm in the nascent electric vehicle market to overcome the hurdle of critical mass and provide a platform on which e-mobility can realize its full potential. In the analysis that follows, we conclude that Tesla created a model that exceeds the conventional auto business to allow its vehicles to move along the technology adoption curve

Utilização de opções reais na avaliação de startups

A avaliação de empresas que se encontram na sua fase inicial é de extrema dificuldade para os investidores devido à fraca disponibilidade de dados financeiros. Nestas situações, o método de avaliação mais utilizado que consiste em estimar de forma relativamente rígida os free cash flows (FCF), taxas de crescimento e de desconto, é muito propensa a problemas de assimetria de informação entre o empreendedor e o investidor. Muitas vezes o financiamento é feito em seed stages, ou seja, quando a empresa se encontra em períodos de investigação e desenvolvimento (I&D). Nestas fases existe uma grande possibilidade dos projetos não serem viáveis, gerando perdas inteiras do capital dos investidores. O método de avaliação por opções utilizado neste trabalho pretende ultrapassar estas limitações. Foi construído de forma a oferecer a possibilidade de comparar as seguintes hipóteses: financiar imediatamente a totalidade do investimento, adquirir uma opção de compra (correspondente à capitalização posterior do investimento) com um horizonte temporal de 6 meses, ou não investir por completo. É utilizado o método integrado de avaliação que se distingue por permitir dividir o risco em dois tipos - público e privado – e posteriormente avaliá-los. O primeiro é avaliado através de árvores binomiais, numa ótica neutral ao risco. O risco privado, por outro lado, é inerente ao próprio negócio e requer a utilização de métodos de estimação subjetivos.The valuation of companies during their initial stage is extremely difficult for investors due to the lack of availability of financial data. In these situations, the most used valuation method, which consists in estimating in a relatively rigid way the free cash flows (FCF), growth and discount rates, is very prone to information asymmetry problems between the investor and the entrepreneur. In many cases, the investment is done in seed stages, when the company is performing investigation and development. At this stage, there is a big possibility that the projects are not viable, generating full capital loss for the investors. The option valuation model used in this work, aims to solve this problems. It was built to offer the possibility of comparing the following hypothesis: immediately financing the total investment, acquiring a call option (corresponding to the following capitalization on the investment) with a six month expiration time, or not investing at all. The valuation method used is called “integrated method of valuation” and distinguishes from the other models by allowing risk to be divided into two types – public and private – and then evaluating them separately. The first is valued with risk neutral binomial trees. The private risk, on the other hand, is inherent to the business itself and requires the utilization of subjective estimation methods

Impact of an online parenting support programme on children’s quality of life

The study aims to describe the parental use of an online parenting support programme, the ‘Open Window to Family’ (JAF) and to evaluate its impact on perceived children’s quality of life (QoL). This programme makes online resources available to support positive parenting. The study included 363 parents (nintervention group = 142) who completed measures to evaluate their children’s QoL. The results suggest that using the programme for a longer time and accessing more information/services are positively related to the perception of utility but not to the frequency of use. The programme proved to be more useful for specific difficulties and to search for specific information. We found high levels of parental perception of children’s well-being, both physical and psychological, and lower values in social support and relationships with peers. No differences were observed between the total QoL of children in the intervention group and control group. The differences in the dimensions of QoL are due to interaction with the level of education of the mother: mothers with higher education reported higher physical well-being, social support, relationships with peers, and school context. Guidelines are suggested to enhance the accessibility of this type of programme as well as enhance its impact on parents and children.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

A study on the psychometric properties of the warning signs recognition for suicidal acts inventory

The recognition of warning signs by peers is a key strategy for suicide prevention. However, there are no tools to assess the knowledge of adolescents about these signs. This study aims to develop a Warning Signs Recognition for Suicidal Acts Inventory (WSSAI) and study the respective psychometric characteristics. The sample comprised 512 high-school adolescents (59% female) with a mean age 16.78 years. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyzes, along with theoretical criteria, led to a three-factor solution (23 items) that assesses behavioral, verbal and isolation warning signs. The WSSAI presented quite satisfactory reliability and validity characteristics.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio