El rol de Brasil en la creación y evolución de UNASUR como proyecto posneoliberal. Un análisis a partir del concepto de soft power

La búsqueda de una integración latinoamericana se ha visto obstaculizada históricamente por la reticencia de los Estados a ceder soberanía a instancias supranacionales, y por la constante competencia entre los mismos. No obstante, la Unión de Naciones Suramericanas (UNASUR) surge como proyecto de integración regional alterno al modelo neoliberal existente en la zona, con el especial protagonismo de Brasil en su creación y posterior evolución debido a ciertos intereses de carácter hegemónico que el país buscó materializar a través de la Unión. En este sentido, mediante el concepto de soft power, el objetivo del presente proyecto investigativo se centra en analizar la manera mediante la cual Brasil buscó aprovechar la creación y evolución de tal mecanismo de integración como plataforma para posicionarse como líder pos neoliberal en América del Sur durante el mandato de Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva.The search for a Latin American integration has historically been obstructed by the reluctance of states to transfer sovereignity to supranational instances, and the constant competition between them. Nevertheless, the Union of South American Nations (UNASUR) arise as an alternative project of regional integration to the existing neoliberal model in the area, with the special role of Brazil in its creation and evolution due to certain hegemonic interests that the country sought to materialize through the Union. In this sense through the concept of soft power, the aim of this research project is to analyze the way in which Brazil sought to take advantage of the creation and evolution of such integration mechanism as a platform to position itself as post-neoliberal leader in South America under President Luiz Inacio Lula da Silva.Universidad del Rosari

Training autonomous managers for a dynamic environment

Producción CientíficaPurpose: the goal of this paper is to explore self-regulated learning among university students, the role played by motivation and its impact on academic performance. This paper presents a teaching strategy aimed at self-regulation which draws on the educational value provided by the evaluation system. Design/methodology/approach: this research includes a quantitative analysis to examine the dependency relation between self-regulation, motivational orientation and academic performance. The impact of the teaching strategy on the relation between self-regulation and academic performance is also explored. Findings: the findings indicate that self-regulation is closely linked to motivational orientation and is a determining factor in academic performance. In addition, implementing a teaching strategy focusing on self-regulation alters said relation. Practical implications: this research reflects the value of fostering the level of student self-regulation with a view to enhancing not only their current learning, but also the self-directed learning that will ensure professional success. The research also evidences the potential of the evaluation system for encouraging the development of self-regulation. Originality/value: the conclusions to emerge from this research will help educators gain an awareness of the usefulness of strengthening student self-regulation and the potential offered by the evaluation system as a teaching resource. This research also merges extremely interesting elements –student self-regulation and the evaluation system- which to date have not been explored jointly.Financial support was received from the Regional Government of Castilla y León (Ref. VA 260U14

Caracterización y cambios antropométricos de atletas de la seleccione estatal de pentatlón moderno del estado de Nuevo león en dos diferentes etapas de la preparación física

El Pentatlón Moderno es un deporte que para muchos especialistas del deporte representa la disciplina más completa para el atleta, esto por la complejidad que representa cada una de los diferentes eventos que lo componen, lo cual constituyen cualidades físicas y psicológicas diferentes. Los eventos que componen el Pentatlón Moderno son de combate (esgrima), tiempo y marca (natación y tiro-carrera) y arte competitivo (equitación), lo cual forman los cinco eventos del Pentatlón Moderno. El factor antropométrico jugará un papel primordial en el desarrollo competitivo del pentatleta, es por ello que nace el interés de realizar una caracterización del biotipo del pentatleta mexicano, dada a la escasez de referencias bibliográficas (Agrelo, 2012). Estudios como los de González, M. (2007) “Caracterización Antropométrica de Atletas del Equipo Nacional Cubano de Pentatlón Moderno” proyecta las características morfológicas de un atleta de Pentatlón Moderno de promedio de 21 años en dos diferentes etapas, al inicio de la preparación física general (IPFG) y al final de la preparación física general (FPFG), encontrando cambios significativos en el incremento de peso, así como cambios pequeños pero significativos en el porcentaje de grasa. La finalidad de este estudio será entonces caracterizar morfológicamente al pentatleta moderno en edades tempranas, como referencia para futuras investigaciones o comparaciones. En este estudio se pretende obtener el somatotipo por sexo, sumatoria de pliegues, porcentaje de grasa, índices de proporcionalida

Aplicaciones sintéticas de N-alquilimoniditoacarbonatos de dimetilo

El contenido de esta memoria se desarrolla en los siguientes puntos: 1 una síntesis eficiente para los n-alquiliminoditiocarbonatos de dimetilo mediante transferencia de fase, en un sistema bifasico de agua/benceno. 2 diversas acilaciones de estos ultimos para obtener entre otros n-(2-oxoetil) iminoditiocarbonatos y el 5-fenil-2-metiltio-4-(2-tienil) tiazol. 3 síntesis de tiazoles persustituidos mediante la transfuncionalizacion de la posición 2-metiltiosustituida del 5-fenil-2-metiltio-4-(2-tienil)tiazol y mediante reacciones de acoplamiento con reactivos de grignard. 4 síntesis diastereoselectiva de derivados del ácido 2,4-diamino-3-hidroxiglutarico mediante la obtención de oxazolinas diastereomeras por adición del carbanion derivado del etoxicarbonilmetilisonitrilo sobre los n-(oxoetil) iminoditiocarbonatos, antes obtenidos. Se ha llevado a cabo el estudio de la inducción asimétrica observada, asi como el desarrollo de protocolos de hidrólisis para alcanzar dichos derivados. 5 por ultimo el trabajo se ha completado con el análisis estructural y conformacional y configuracional de los derivados del ácido 2,4-diamino-3-hidroxiglutarico

Proposal to conserve the name Inula (Asteraceae) with a conserved type

[EN] The genus Inula L. as traditionally circumscribed comprises ca. 90–100 species widely distributed in Europe, Asia and Africa; ca. 65 species are Eurasian and North-African perennial herbs and ca. 25 species are Central and South-African perennial herbs and shrubs (modified from Anderberg in Pl. Syst. Evol. 176: 75–123. 1991 and Flann (ed.), 2009+ Global Compositae Checklist Ac-cessed: 11 Nov. 2011). The delimitation of the genus is controversial and has been a matter of frequent discussion throughout botanical history (e.g., Beck, Europ. Inula-Art.: 1–59. 1882; Anderberg, l.c. 1991). The original Linnaean (Sp. Pl.: 881–884. 1753) circumscrip-tion of Inula has notably changed to include further Linnaean gen-era such as Conyza L. (l.c.: 861–863, nom. rej. vs. Conyza Less., Syn. Gen. Compos.: 203–204. 1832, nom. cons.) (i.e., I. bifrons L., I. candida (L.) Cass. and I. conyzae (Griess.) Meikle). Also Inulahas been split into several genera and many Linnaean species origi-nally placed in Inula were subsequently transferred to them, e.g., Pulicaria Gaertn. (P. dysenterica (L.) Bernh., P. odora (L.) Rchb. and P. vulgaris Gaertn.) and Limbarda Adans. (L. crithmoides ( L .) Dumort.)

Analysis of Measures of Quantitative Association Rules

This paper presents the analysis of relationships among different interestingness measures of quality of association rules as first step to select the best objectives in order to develop a multi-objective algorithm. For this purpose, the discovering of association rules is based on evolutionary techniques. Specifically, a genetic algorithm has been used in order to mine quantitative association rules and determine the intervals on the attributes without discretizing the data before. The algorithm has been applied in real-word climatological datasets based on Ozone and Earthquake data.Ministerio de Ciencia y Tecnología TIN2007-68084-C-00Junta de Andalucía P07-TIC-0261

An evolutionary algorithm to discover quantitative association rules in multidimensional time series

An evolutionary approach for finding existing relationships among several variables of a multidimensional time series is presented in this work. The proposed model to discover these relationships is based on quantitative association rules. This algorithm, called QARGA (Quantitative Association Rules by Genetic Algorithm), uses a particular codification of the individuals that allows solving two basic problems. First, it does not perform a previous attribute discretization and, second, it is not necessary to set which variables belong to the antecedent or consequent. Therefore, it may discover all underlying dependencies among different variables. To evaluate the proposed algorithm three experiments have been carried out. As initial step, several public datasets have been analyzed with the purpose of comparing with other existing evolutionary approaches. Also, the algorithm has been applied to synthetic time series (where the relationships are known) to analyze its potential for discovering rules in time series. Finally, a real-world multidimensional time series composed by several climatological variables has been considered. All the results show a remarkable performance of QARGA.Ministerio de Ciencia y Tecnología TIN2007- 68084-C02-02Junta de Andalucia P07-TIC- 0261

On the use of algorithms to discover motifs in DNA sequences

Many approaches are currently devoted to find DNA motifs in nucleotide sequences. However, this task remains challenging for specialists nowadays due to the difficulties they find to deeply understand gene regulatory mechanisms, especially when analyzing binding sites in DNA. These sites or specific nucleotide sequences are known to be responsible for transcription processes. Thus, this work aims at providing an updated overview on strategies developed to discover meaningful motifs in DNA-related sequences, and, in particular, their attempts to find out relevant binding sites. From all existing approaches, this work is focused on dictionary, ensemble, and artificial intelligence-based algorithms since they represent the classical and the leading ones, respectively.Ministerio de Ciencia y Tecnología TIN2007- 68084-C-00Junta de Andalucia P07-TIC- 02611