Asymmetric synthesis of cyclic β-amino carbonyl derivatives by a formal [3 + 2] photocycloaddition

Herein, a visible-light mediated strategy unlocking a family of cyclic β-amino carbonyl derivatives bearing three contiguous stereogenic centres is introduced. The overall reactivity relies on the performance of the substrate-catalyst complex to assist both the enantiocontrol and the photoredox tasks. This transformation led to an enantioselective [3 + 2] photocycloaddition between coordinated α,β-unsaturated acyl imidazoles and cyclopropylamine derivative

Multivalent Tryptophan‐ and Tyrosine‐Containing [60]Fullerene Hexa‐Adducts as Dual HIV and Enterovirus A71 Entry Inhibitors

Unprecedented 3D hexa-adducts of [60]fullerene peripherally decorated with twelve tryptophan (Trp) or tyrosine (Tyr) residues have been synthesized. Studies on the antiviral activity of these novel compounds against HIV and EV71 reveal that they are much more potent against HIV and equally active against EV71 than the previously described dendrimer prototypes AL-385 and AL-463, which possess the same number of Trp/Tyr residues on the periphery but attached to a smaller and more flexible pentaerythritol core. These results demonstrate the relevance of the globular 3D presentation of the peripheral groups (Trp/Tyr) as well as the length of the spacer connecting them to the central core to interact with the viral envelopes, particularly in the case of HIV, and support the hypothesis that [60]fullerene can be an alternative and attractive biocompatible carbon-based scaffold for this type of highly symmetrical dendrimers. In addition, the functionalized fullerenes here described, which display twelve peripheral negatively charged indole moieties on their globular surface, define a new and versatile class of compounds with a promising potential in biomedical applications

Searching for VHE gamma-ray emission associated with IceCube neutrino alerts using FACT, H.E.S.S., MAGIC, and VERITAS

The realtime follow-up of neutrino events is a promising approach to searchfor astrophysical neutrino sources. It has so far provided compelling evidencefor a neutrino point source: the flaring gamma-ray blazar TXS 0506+056 observedin coincidence with the high-energy neutrino IceCube-170922A detected byIceCube. The detection of very-high-energy gamma rays (VHE, $\mathrm{E} >100\,\mathrm{GeV}$) from this source helped establish the coincidence andconstrained the modeling of the blazar emission at the time of the IceCubeevent. The four major imaging atmospheric Cherenkov telescope arrays (IACTs) -FACT, H.E.S.S., MAGIC, and VERITAS - operate an active follow-up program oftarget-of-opportunity observations of neutrino alerts sent by IceCube. Thisprogram has two main components. One are the observations of known gamma-raysources around which a cluster of candidate neutrino events has been identifiedby IceCube (Gamma-ray Follow-Up, GFU). Second one is the follow-up of singlehigh-energy neutrino candidate events of potential astrophysical origin such asIceCube-170922A. GFU has been recently upgraded by IceCube in collaborationwith the IACT groups. We present here recent results from the IACT follow-upprograms of IceCube neutrino alerts and a description of the upgraded IceCubeGFU system.<br

Search for Spatial Correlations of Neutrinos with Ultra-high-energy Cosmic Rays

For several decades, the origin of ultra-high-energy cosmic rays (UHECRs) has been an unsolved question of high-energy astrophysics. One approach for solving this puzzle is to correlate UHECRs with high-energy neutrinos, since neutrinos are a direct probe of hadronic interactions of cosmic rays and are not deflected by magnetic fields. In this paper, we present three different approaches for correlating the arrival directions of neutrinos with the arrival directions of UHECRs. The neutrino data are provided by the IceCube Neutrino Observatory and ANTARES, while the UHECR data with energies above ∼50 EeV are provided by the Pierre Auger Observatory and the Telescope Array. All experiments provide increased statistics and improved reconstructions with respect to our previous results reported in 2015. The first analysis uses a high-statistics neutrino sample optimized for point-source searches to search for excesses of neutrino clustering in the vicinity of UHECR directions. The second analysis searches for an excess of UHECRs in the direction of the highest-energy neutrinos. The third analysis searches for an excess of pairs of UHECRs and highest-energy neutrinos on different angular scales. None of the analyses have found a significant excess, and previously reported overfluctuations are reduced in significance. Based on these results, we further constrain the neutrino flux spatially correlated with UHECRs

Galloyl Carbohydrates with Antiangiogenic Activity Mediated by Capillary Morphogenesis Gene 2 (CMG2) Protein Binding

We previously showed that a small molecule of natural origin, 1,2,3,4,6-penta-O-galloyl-β-d-glucopyranose (PGG), binds to capillary morphogenesis gene 2 (CMG2) with a submicromolar IC and also has antiangiogenic activity in vitro and in vivo. In this work, we synthetized derivatives of PGG with different sugar cores and phenolic substituents and tested these as angiogenesis inhibitors. In a high-throughput Förster resonant energy transfer-based binding assay, we found that one of our synthetic analogues (1,2,3,4,6-penta-O-galloyl-β-d-mannopyranose (PGM)), with mannose as central core and galloyl substituents, exhibit higher (up to 10×) affinity for CMG2 than the natural glucose prototype PGG and proved to be a potent angiogenesis inhibitor. These findings demonstrate that biochemical CMG2 binding in vitro predicts inhibition of endothelial cell migration ex vivo and antiangiogenic activity in vivo. The molecules herein described, and in particular PGM, might be useful prototypes for the development of novel agents for angiogenesis-dependent diseases, including blinding eye disease and cancer.This work was supported by the Spanish MINECO [Project SAF2015-64629-C2-1-R (MINECO/FEDER)], the Spanish Agencia Estatal Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientif́ - icas (CSIC, Project CSIC201680E079), and NIH R01 EY018829. The Spanish MINECO is also acknowledged for a grant to B.M.-G.Peer Reviewe

Religación. Revista de Ciencias Sociales y Humanidades (Vol. 1 no. 2 abr-jun 2016)

Religación. Revista de Ciencias Sociales y Humanidades, es una revista académica de periodicidad trimestral, editada por el Centro de Investigaciones en Ciencias Sociales y Humanidades desde América Latina, centro asociado a CLACSO. Revista Religación, pretende ser un espacio abierto para el debate y construcción del pensamiento latinoamericano en el campo de las Ciencias Sociales y Humanidades, destinado a profesionales, investigadores, estudiantes y académicos que tengan interés en el estudio de la realidad de nuestra Abya Yala con un enfoque decolonizador. Se encarga de difundir trabajos científicos de investigación producidos por los diferentes grupos de trabajo del Centro de Investigaciones, así como trabajos de investigadores nacionales e internacionales externos. Tiene su sede en Quito, Ecuador, maneja áreas que tienen relación con la: Ciencia Política, Educación, Religión, Filosofía, Antropología, Sociología, Historia y otras afines.Presentación Roberto Simbaña Q Dossier: Subjetivaciones y Nuevas Emancipaciones Políticas en América Latina La chispa de la participación política: Historias de mujeres mapuce durante el conflicto Pulmarí. Suyai Malen García Gualda Os estudantes ainda estão famintos!: ousadia, ocupação e resistência dos estudantes secundaristas no Brasil Denise N. De Sordi, Sérgio Paulo Morais Réplica a El desafío de las políticas educativas de subjetividad de Juan Carlos Tedesco. Una propuesta de integración de los procesos de subjetivación Armando Ulises Cerón Martínez La subjetividad como punto de reflexión teórica para pensar lo polí- tico Juan M. Fernández Chico A aprendizagem duma segunda cultura e a identidade étnica dos indí- genas brasileiros através duma rede social: estudo exploratório Joaquim Filipe Peres de Castro Ensayo Fotográfico Rendered visible. A photographic document Michael Wildman, Carolina Borda-Niño-Wildman Sección General El murmullo de la cultura: semiótica y sentido de la vida Massimo Leone Calidad de la educación: entre la exclusión y la utopía Adriana Bojacá I., Alejandra Díaz L., Rafael Osorio O. y Juan Carlos Muñoz C. Normas para presentación de artículo