Los copistas y sus textos. Las traducciones moriscas del Corán en la Biblioteca Tomás Navarro Tomás (CSIC, Madrid)

The Tomás Navarro Tomás library (CSIC, Madrid) holds thirty seven manuscripts of the Qur’an and of tafsīr literature, copied by Mudejars and Moriscos; eleven of them are translations into Aljamía. They had been hidden in a house of the Almonacid de la Sierra village (Aragon) with no more than 1.600 inhabitants in the 16th century. Through a careful analysis of these translations, we can state that, in spite of one exception, they exhibit a strong link between themselves as far as the copyists, the ornamentation, the paper or the textual kinship. These similarities enable us to surmise that they were all produced within a very short period, in the same area (probably in Almonacid de la Sierra itself), by a small group of copyists working with common textual sources. New hypotheses about the production and transmission of books in this area can thus be put forward.Escondidas en una casa del pueblo de Almonacid de la Sierra (Aragón), de no más de 1600 habitantes, se nos han conservado treinta y siete copias del Corán y del tafsīr, copiadas por mudéjares y moriscos siendo once de ellas traducciones a la aljamía. Hoy se encuentran en la biblioteca Tomás Navarro Tomás (CSIC, Madrid). A través de un atento estudio de estas traducciones, podemos afirmar que con la excepción de una, todas ofrecen un fuerte vínculo entre ellas: copistas, decoración, papel o parentesco textual. Estas similitudes nos permiten plantear que todas ellas se realizaron en un muy breve lapso de tiempo, en una misma zona (probablemente en el propio Almonacid de la Sierra), y que se llevaron a cabo por un pequeño grupo de copistas, que trabajaba con referentes textuales comunes. Esto permite plantear nuevas hipótesis sobre la producción y transmisión de libros en esta zona

Pilar Pisón Casares, in memoriam

Estamos habituados a describir objetos matemáticos, a elaborar teorías, conjeturar resultados, demostrar asertos o refutar hipótesis, pero no a escribir de una persona, más aún si con ella tenemos vínculos afectivos que no sabemos expresar adecuadamente. Es necesario precisar que, para ofrecer una semblanza de nuestra querida compañera Pilar Pisón, tenemos que entrelazar las dos pasiones que han recorrido su vida: su familia y las matemáticas. Pretendemos presentar la enorme figura de esta mujer que hemos conocido, y por tanto querido, por su humildad en el trabajo personal y, sobre todo, colectivo, incapaz de aparecer en el primer plano, sino sosteniendo al que lo ocupara. La fotografía de la familia de Pilar, su marido e hijas, así lo expresa. La enfermedad y la muerte han pretendido destruirla pero no lo han conseguido. Con la fortaleza con que Pilar se ha enfrentado a ellas hemos aprendido facetas profundamente valiosas de esta mujer que, cuanto más débil se hacía, más sabiduría transmitía. Ha sostenido un gran combate en el que, con el apoyo de su fe, ha vencido la Vida

Developmental trajectories of pitch-related music skills in children with Williams syndrome

The study of music cognition in Williams syndrome (WS) has resulted in theoretical debates regarding cognitive modularity and development. However, no research has previously investigated the development of music skills in this population. In this study, we used the cross-sectional developmental trajectories approach to assess the development of pitch-related music skills in children with WS compared with typically developing (TD) peers. Thus, we evaluated the role of change over time on pitch-related music skills and the developmental relationships between music skills and different cognitive areas. In the TD children, the pitch-related music skills improved with chronological age and cognitive development. In the children with WS, developmental relationships were only found between several pitch-related music skills and specific cognitive processes. We also found non-systematic relationships between chronological age and the pitch-related music skills, stabilization in the level reached in music when cognitive development was considered, and uneven associations between cognitive and music skills. In addition, the TD and WS groups differed in their patterns of pitch-related music skill development. These results suggest that the development of pitch-related music skills in children with WS is atypical. Our findings stand in contrast with the views that claim innate modularity for music in WS; rather, they are consistent with neuroconstructivist accountsThis study was supported by Project Grant 2012V/PUNED/0008 from the Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia (UNED), Spai

Analysis of the effect of clock drifts on frequency regulation and power sharing in inverter-based islanded microgrids

© 2018 IEEE. Personal use of this material is permitted. Permission from IEEE must be obtained for all other uses, in any current or future media, including reprinting/republishing this material for advertising or promotional purposes,creating new collective works, for resale or redistribution to servers or lists, or reuse of any copyrighted component of this work in other works.Local hardware clocks in physically distributed computation devices hardly ever agree because clocks drift apart and the drift can be different for each device. This paper analyses the effect that local clock drifts have in the parallel operation of voltage source inverters (VSIs) in islanded microgrids (MG). The state-of-the-art control policies for frequency regulation and active power sharing in VSIs-based MGs are reviewed and selected prototype policies are then re-formulated in terms of clock drifts. Next, steady-state properties for these policies are analyzed. For each of the policies, analytical expressions are developed to provide an exact quantification of the impact that drifts have on frequency and active power equilibrium points. In addition, a closed-loop model that accommodates all the policies is derived, and the stability of the equilibrium points is characterized in terms of the clock drifts. Finally, the implementation of the analyzed policies in a laboratory MG provides experimental results that confirm the theoretical analysis.Peer ReviewedPostprint (author's final draft

¿Qué ocurre en las aulas donde los niños y niñas no aprenden?: Estudio cualitativo de aulas ineficaces en Iberoamérica

La investigación internacional ha aportado mucha información sobre los elementos que caracterizan a las aulas donde los estudiantes aprenden; sin embargo, hay muy poca literatura sobre qué acontece en las aulas donde los estudiantes obtienen un desempeño mucho más bajo de lo previsto. Con esta investigación se pretende comprender qué ocurre en esas aulas. Para ello se realizó un estudio en profundidad donde se analizaron ocho aulas especialmente ineficaces en otros tantos países de América Latina (Colombia, Chile, Cuba, Ecuador, España, Panamá, Perú y Venezuela). Los resultados apuntan a seis grandes factores de ineficacia de las aulas: a) estrategias didácticas en el aula; b) uso del tiempo; c) atención a la diversidad; d) estrategias de evaluación; e) clima de aula; y f) el aula como espacio físico y sus recursosInternational research has contributed much information about the features of classrooms where students do learn; however, little has been written about what happens in classrooms where students’ performance is much lower than expected. That is why a depth study was made in which eight low performance classrooms where analyzed in Colombia, Chile, Cuba, Ecuador, Spain, Panama, Peru and Venezuela. The results point to six major factors underlying ineffective classrooms: a) teaching strategies in the classroom; b) time use; c) attention to diversity; d) evaluation strategies; e) classroom environment; and f) the classroom as a physical space and its resource

Music skills of Spanish-speaking children with developmental language disorder

Background: According to temporal sampling theory, deficits in rhythm processing contribute to both language and music difficulties in children with developmental language disorder (DLD). Evidence for this proposition is derived mainly from studies conducted in stress-timed languages, but the results may differ in languages with different rhythm features (e.g., syllable-timed languages).Aims: This research aimed to study a previously unexamined topic, namely, the music skills of children with DLD who speak Spanish (a syllable-timed language), and to analyze the possible relationships between the language and music skills of these children.Methods and Procedures: Two groups of 18 Spanish-speaking children with DLD and 19 typicallydeveloping peers matched for chronological age completed a set of language tests. Their rhythm discrimination, melody discrimination and music memory skills were also assessed. Outcomes and Results: Children with DLD exhibited significantly lower performance than their typically-developing peers on all three music subtests. Music and language skills were significantly related in both groups.Conclusions and Implications: The results suggest that similar music difficulties may be found in children with DLD whether they speak stress-timed or syllable-timed languages. The relationships found between music and language skills may pave the way for the design of possible language intervention programs based on music stimuli.Department of Developmental and Educational Psychology of UNE

Estudio de las habilidades prosódicas y musicales en el síndrome de Williams

Tesis doctoral inédita leída en la Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Facultad de Psicología, Departamento de Psicología Básica. Fecha de lectura: enero de 200

Enhanced linguistic prosodic skills in musically trained individuals with Williams syndrome

Individuals with Williams syndrome (WS) present prosodic impairments. They are also interested in musical activities. In typical development, a body of research has shown that the linguistic prosodic skills of musically trained individuals are enhanced. However, it is not known whether, in WS, musical training is also associated with enhanced prosodic performance, a question this study sought to answer. We compared the performance on linguistic prosodic tasks among seven musically trained and fourteen musically untrained individuals with WS, and typically developing peers. Among those with WS, musically trained participants outperformed their musically untrained counterparts on the perception of acoustic parameters involved in prosody, the understanding of questioning and declarative intonation, and the comprehension of prefinal contrastive stress. The results suggest that musical training facilitates prosodic performance in WS. Our findings also suggest common processing mechanisms for acoustic parameters involved in both prosody and music, and that positive music-to-language transfer effects could take place in WS. We discuss the implications of these results for intervention purposesThis research was funded by grant AP2003-5098 from the Ministry of Education and Science of the Spanish Government. The manuscript was proofread thanks to funds from the Department of Developmental and Educational Psychology (UNED

Dataset of the efficiency of the ultraviolet light activation of persulfate ion for the degradation of cobalt cyanocomplexes in synthetic mining wastewater

In recent years, the extraction of gold has become important for the development of nations. However, mining wastewater represents an environmental problem due to its high content of free cyanide-based compounds and weak and strong cyanocomplexes for the use of sodium cyanide to obtain gold from minerals. The experimental data presented show the performance of the elimination of one of the strongest cyanocomplex that can appear in mining wastewater ð½CoðCNÞ6 3Þ by the ultraviolet C activation of persulfate (PS). The removal of total cobalt in solution was used as an indicator of the elimination of the cobalt cyanocomplexes that appear as transformation products from the degradation of ½CoðCNÞ63. The data evidence that strong cyanocomplexes can be eliminated from mining wastewater. The experimental runs were divided into two parts: as a first step, the influence of the UVC light was elucidated. Afterward, five initial concentrations of persulfate ion (0.1, 0.3, 0.5, 0.7 and 0.9 g/L of PS), two pH values (11 and 13) and two additional initial concentrations of contaminant (25 mg/L and 75 mg/L of ½CoðCNÞ63 ) were examined to find the optimalparameter where the highest Co removal is obtained