Memory mediations : art against political violence in Colombia.

Objetivo. El artículo analiza las prácticas artísticas como mediación frente a la violencia política en Colombia. Metodología. Se propone un primer momento de indagación histórica y documental, para situar algunos rasgos predominantes de las prácticas artísticas desde los años 70. Posteriormente se delimitan dos casos de estudio: los proyectos artísticos de Juan Manuel Echavarría y Erika Diettes, por lo que se realizan análisis de las entrevistas realizadas y aproximaciones semióticas a sus proyectos creativos. Resultados. Los dos referentes analizados aportan a una valoración renovada de la relación entre arte y política, así como al ámbito de lo testimonial como eje narrativo de la experiencia de la violencia. Conclusión. Las prácticas artísticas configuran no solo representaciones de la violencia política, sino formas particulares de registrar, archivar y transmitir culturalmente sus efectos e implicaciones colectivas.Objective. This article analyzes artistic practices as mediation against political violence in Colombia. Methodology. A first moment of historical and documentary inquiry is proposed to place some predominant features of art practices since the 1970s. Subsequently, two case studies are delimited: the art projects of Juan Manuel Echavarria and Erika Diettes, therefore, analyses of the interviews and semiotic approximations of their creative projects are carried put. Results. The two referents analyzed contribute to a renewed assessment of the relationship between art and politics, as well as the scope of the testimonial as a narrative central concept of the experience of violence. Conclusion. Artistic practices configure not only representations of political violence, but also particular forms of recording, classifying and transmitting culturally their collective effects and implications

From project to artwork: the production of knowledge in the field of contemporary esthetic-artistic practices

[ES] Las rupturas que ha experimentado el campo de las artes visuales y las humanidades desde la última década del siglo XX, han incidido de manera directa en los modos como se produce obra en estos ámbitos. Por un lado, los artistas y creadores se han visto impulsados a incorporar a sus prácticas, metodologías provenientes de las ciencias sociales y de otras disciplinas, para abordar las realidades que los comprometen. Por otro lado, los investigadores sociales han encontrado en los procesos expresivos y en las representaciones simbólicas, dispositivos fundamentales para problematizar sus objetos de estudio y dar cuenta de realidades que escapan a la mera textualidad. En este intercambio de experiencias, saberes y métodos, ha ido tomando cuerpo la noción de investigación-creación, desde apuestas que logran legitimidad, bien en espacios de formación o bien en escenarios propiamente creativos, en los que se convoca la inter y la transdisciplinariedad. La reflexión que proponemos, retoma los aportes y planteamientos conceptuales de autores como Borgdorf, Rancière, Sennet, Nancy, entre otros, además de la propia experiencia derivada de la Maestría en Estética y Creación de la UTP con el fin de problematizar los intercambios que tienen lugar en los procesos de investigación-creación, a partir de la actualización de dos nociones ancladas a la tradición, tanto de la investigación formal, como de la creación artística: las nociones de proyecto y obra. En la misma perspectiva, problematiza dos ámbitos de experimentación y creación, afianzados en los procesos de producción de sentido en estos campos: el taller y el laboratorio. Los planteamientos desarrollados se derivan del proyecto: “Investigación-creación: Tensiones y apropiaciones en la proyección de las prácticas estético artísticas contemporáneas”, desarrollado por los profesores Aura Margarita Calle y Felipe Martínez, del Departamento de Humanidades de la Universidad Tecnológica de Pereira, Colombia.[EN] The ruptures experienced in the field of visual arts and humanities since the last decade of the twentieth century have directly influenced the ways in which artwork is produced in these areas. On the one hand, artists and creators have been encouraged to incorporate into their practices, methodologies from social sciences and other disciplines, to address the realities that determine them. On the other hand, social researchers have found in expressive processes and in symbolic representations, fundamental devices to problematize their objects of study and regard for realities that escape single textuality. In this exchange of experiences, knowledge and methods, the notion of Research-creation has taken shape, from leads that achieve legitimacy, either in training spaces or in properly creative scenarios, in which inter and transdisciplinarity are convened. The reflection that we propose, takes up the contributions and conceptual approaches of authors such as Borgdorf, Rancière, Sennet, Nancy, among others, in addition to the own experience derived from the Master in Esthetics and Creation from UTP in order to problematize the exchanges that take place in the research-creation processes, From the updating of two notions anchored to the tradition, both formal research and artistic creation: the notions of project and artwork. In the same perspective, it problematizes two areas of experimentation and creation, entrenched in the processes of production of meaning in these fields: the workshop and the laboratory. The approaches developed are derived from the project: “Research-creation: Tensions and appropriations in the projection of contemporary esthetic and artistic practices”, developed by professors Aura Margarita Calle y Felipe Martínez from the Department of Humanities of the Universidad Tecnológica de Pereira, Colombia.Calle Guerra, A.; Martínez Quintero, F. (2019). Del proyecto a la obra: la producción de saber en el campo de las prácticas estético-artísticas contemporáneas. En IV Congreso Internacional de investigación en artes visuales: ANIAV 2019 Imagen [N] visible. Editorial Universitat Politècnica de València. 120-124. https://doi.org/10.4995/ANIAV.2019.2019.9538OCS12012

Magdalenas por el Cauca : Trayectos expresivos de la memoria

El proyecto artístico Magdalenas por el Cauca reúne una serie de iniciativas de carácter relacional y performativo, realizadas por los artistas Gabriel Posada y Yorlady Ruiz, en algunos territorios del Valle del Cauca y Risaralda. Desde su creación en 2008, el proyecto ha contado con la participación de otros artistas, organizaciones de la sociedad civil, grupos comunitarios, asociaciones de víctimas, realizadores audiovisuales, investigadores y periodistas, quienes con su lectura y reflexión han contribuido a visibilizar los procesos, a extender su resonancia y a posibilitar su duración en el tiempo

Synthesis of Phosphorus-Containing Polyanilines by Electrochemical Copolymerization

[EN] In this study, the phosphonation of a polyaniline (PANI) backbone was achieved in an acid medium by electrochemical methods using aminophenylphosphonic (APPA) monomers. This was done through the electrochemical copolymerization of aniline with either 2- or 4-aminophenylphosphonic acid. Stable, electroactive polymers were obtained after the oxidation of the monomers up to 1.35 V (reversible hydrogen electrode, RHE). X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) results revealed that the position of the phosphonic group in the aromatic ring of the monomer affected the amount of phosphorus incorporated into the copolymer. In addition, the redox transitions of the copolymers were examined by in situ Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, and it was concluded that their electroactive structures were analogous to those of PANI. From the APPA monomers it was possible to synthesize, in a controlled manner, polymeric materials with significant amounts of phosphorus in their structure through copolymerization with PANI.The authors would like to thank MINECO, FEDER (MAT2016-76595-R) for financial support. A.F.Q.-J. gratefully acknowledges the Generalitat Valenciana for the financial support through the Santiago Grisolia grant (GRISOLIA/2016/084). B.M.-S. acknowledges the Vice-rectorate for Research and Knowledge Transfer of University of Alicante for financial support (AII2018-16), as well as the Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities for the FPU grant (FPU18/05127).Martínez-Sánchez, B.; Quintero-Jaime, AF.; Huerta, F.; Cazorla-Amorós, D.; Morallón, E. (2020). Synthesis of Phosphorus-Containing Polyanilines by Electrochemical Copolymerization. Polymers. 12(5):1-16. https://doi.org/10.3390/polym12051029S116125A Review on Conducting Polymers-Based Composites for Energy Storage Application. (2019). 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Disposable Electrochemical Biosensor Based on the Inhibition of Alkaline Phosphatase Encapsulated in Acrylamide Hydrogels

The present work describes the development of an easy-to-use portable electrochemical biosensor based on alkaline phosphatase (ALP) as a recognition element, which has been immobilized in acrylamide-based hydrogels prepared through a green protocol over disposable screen-printed electrodes. To carry out the electrochemical transduction, an electroinactive substrate (hydroquinone diphosphate) was used in the presence of the enzyme and then it was hydrolyzed to an electroactive species (hydroquinone). The activity of the protein within the matrix was determined voltammetrically. Due to the adhesive properties of the hydrogel, this was easily deposited on the surface of the electrodes, greatly increasing the sensitivity of the biosensor. The device was optimized to allow the determination of phosphate ion, a competitive inhibitor of ALP, in aqueous media. Our study provides a proof-of-concept demonstrating the potential use of the developed biosensor for in situ, real-time measurement of water pollutants that act as ALP inhibitors.This research was funded by Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (projects PID2019-105923RB-I00, PDC2021-120884-I00, European Union NextGenerationEU PRTR-C17.I1) and Generalitat Valenciana (project GVA-THINKINAZUL/2021/015 and PROMETEO/2018/087)

Post-fire recovery of ecosystem carbon pools in a tropical mixed pine-hardwood forest

Aim of the study: To analyze the recovery pattern of carbon pools in terms of size and the relative contribution of each pool to total ecosystem C along a fire chronosequence of tropical mixed pine-hardwood forest.Area of the study: Las Joyas Research Station (LJRS), core zone of Sierra de Manantlán Biosphere Reserve (SMBR) in the state of Jalisco, central western Mexico.Materials and methods: Carbon stored in aboveground plant biomass, standing dead trees, downed woody debris, forest floor, fine roots and mineral soil, was compared with a nested analysis of variance (ANOVA) in post-fire stands of eight-year-old, 28- and 60-year-old stands of mixed Pinus douglasiana-hardwood forest.Main results: The total ecosystem carbon in eight-year-old stands was 50% lower than that of 60-year-old stands. Carbon content in the biomass and mineral soil increased with stand age. The carbon in the biomass recovered to the undisturbed forest in the 28 years of succession. The main C storage in the eight-year-old stands were the mineral soil (64%) and downed woody debris (18%), while in the 28- and 60-year-old stands, live tree biomass and mineral soil were the two largest components of the total C pool (43% and 46%, respectively).Research highlights: We found a significant effect of high-severity fire events on ecosystem C storage and a shift in carbon distribution. The relatively fast recovery of C in ecosystem biomass suggests that mixed Pinus douglasiana hardwood forest possess functional traits that confer resilience to severe fire events.Key words: chronosequence; carbon dynamics; mineral soil; Pinus douglasiana; fire effects.Abbreviations used: LJRS, Las Joyas Research Station; DBH, diameter at breast height; DL, duff layer; LL, litter layer; DWD, downed woody debris; ANOVA, analysis of variance; CO2, carbon dioxide; SMBR, Sierra de Manantlán Biosphere Reserve; C, carbon. AGV, above ground vegetation

Quality control system metallurgical parts using 3d images

En este documento se presenta el diseño y construcción de un prototipo experimental que realiza el dimensionamiento de piezas metalúrgicas a partir de modelos tridimensionales digitalizados, con el fin de adelantar un control de calidad de las mismas. Los datos entregados por el láser 3D utilizado como sensor, son transformados en una nube de puntos por medio de la plataforma ROS (Robotic Operating System) y procesados con la librería PCL (Point Cloud Library). También se muestran los resultados obtenidos al medir una muestra poblacional de cilindros de gas fabricados bajo la norma NTC 522-1 5ta actualización, los cuales fueron proporcionados por la empresa Electrigas de la ciudad de Pereira, Risaralda; notándose que en ningún caso el error en la medición supera el 5%.Abstract: This paper presents the design and construction of an experimental prototype that performs metalworking sizing from digitized three-dimensional models, in order to advance quality control of them. The data provided by the 3D laser, are transformed into a point cloud platform through ROS (Robotic Operating System) and processed with the library PCL (Point Cloud Library). Also shown are the results obtained by measuring a sample of gas cylinders manufactured under the 5th 522-1 NTC update, which were provided by the company Electrigas city of Pereira, Risaralda, noticing that in no case the error in the measurement exceeds 5%

Procesamiento de nubes de puntos por medio de la librería PCL

En este artículo se presentan los resultados obtenidos al utilizar la librería PCL para el procesamiento de nubes de puntos provenientes de escaneos 3D de 3 objetos de muestra, mediante la aplicación de filtros voxel y Statistical Gross Outlier Removal. Al ejecutar el primer filtro sobre los imágenes tridimensionales de prueba, se obtuvo una reducción en el número de puntos del 95 %, lo cual facilita la realización de procesos posteriores dada la significativa reducción en el tamaño de los datos; mientras que para el segundo filtro, se logró la eliminación de datos atípicos, permitiendo una visualización clara y definida del objeto de estudio presente dentro de la escena 3D

Toma de decisiones : explicaciones desde la ciencia aplicada del comportamiento

RESUMEN: El artículo se enfoca en la discusión sobre la toma de decisiones que realizan las personas en su vida cotidiana. Con la revisión de los avances teóricos y los resultados que se derivan de la ciencia aplicada del comportamiento, conocida como economía del comportamiento, se entregan elementos para evaluar las decisiones que toman las personas. Se analizan los sesgos cognitivos, las fallas reales del cerebro para analizar grandes cantidades de información, entre otros aspectos que conforman la explicación del proceso de elección final que hacen los individuos. Con la discusión,se refuerzan las críticas al modelo clásico de elección racional.ABSTRACT: The article is about the discussion on how people make decisions in daily life. With the literature review, theory achievements and results that comes from behavioral apply science framework or behavioral economics theory, the paper gives clues to evaluate the decisions made by people in your life. Such the cognitive biases  by the media as the inability of our brain to enhance information, are main aspects to understand the make decisions principle. The review reinforces the critics that rest on classic rational choice model