La situación de las grandes empresas hoteleras españolas antes de la pandemia de Covid19

La actividad turística de España en fundamental para la economía nacional, aportando empleo directo e indirecto, economía y diversidad cultural. Una buena actividad turística precisa de tener buenos alojamientos, entre otras variables. El objetivo de trabajo es analizar las características de una parte de los oferentes de alojamiento, las grandes empresas hoteleras, las cuales, en su mayor parte, constituyen cadenas de hoteles diseminados por la geografía nacional. Para obtener los datos de las 138 grandes empresas seleccionadas se ha usado la base de datos SABI realizando la consulta en abril de 2020, la cual devolvió información completa de ejercicios económicos anteriores a la pandemia COVID-19. El análisis permite una visión descriptiva y longitudinal de estas grandes empresas usando variables territoriales, jurídicas, de personal, financieras, económicas etc. basándose en información auditada y registrada. Se han recogido datos de 6 años anteriores lo que permite estudiar la evolución temporal de los parámetros estudiados. La visión que construyen estos análisis supone un primer horizonte objetivo al que las empresas deben aspirar en su retorno a la normalidad.Universidad de Sevilla. Grado en Turism

Autophagic flux is required for the synthesis of triacylglycerols and ribosomal protein turnover in Chlamydomonas

Autophagy is an intracellular catabolic process that allows cells to recycle unneeded or damaged material to maintain cellular homeostasis. This highly dynamic process is characterized by the formation of double-membrane vesicles called autophagosomes, which engulf and deliver the cargo to the vacuole. Flow of material through the autophagy pathway and its degradation in the vacuole is known as autophagic flux, and reflects the autophagic degradation activity. A number of assays have been developed to determine autophagic flux in yeasts, mammals, and plants, but it has not been examined yet in algae. Here we analyzed autophagic flux in the model green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. By monitoring specific autophagy markers such as ATG8 lipidation and using immunofluorescence and electron microscopy techniques, we show that concanamycin A, a vacuolar ATPase inhibitor, blocks autophagic flux in Chlamydomonas. Our results revealed that vacuolar lytic function is needed for the synthesis of triacylglycerols and the formation of lipid bodies in nitrogen- or phosphate-starved cells. Moreover, we found that concanamycin A treatment prevented the degradation of ribosomal proteins RPS6 and RPL37 under nitrogen or phosphate deprivation. These results indicate that autophagy might play an important role in the regulation of lipid metabolism and the recycling of ribosomal proteins under nutrient limitation in ChlamydomonasEspaña, MINECO BFU2015-68216-PEspaña, Junta de Andalucía CVI-7336 (to JLC), BIO2015-74432-JIN (to MEPP

Splitting of separatrices for rapid degenerate perturbations of the classical pendulum

In this work we study the splitting distance of a rapidly perturbed pendulum H(x, y, t) = 1 2 y 2 + (cos(x) - 1) + µ(cos(x) - 1)g t e with g(t ) = P |k|>1 g [k] e ikt a 2p-periodic function and µ, e 1. Systems of this kind undergo exponentially small splitting and, when µ 1, it is known that the Melnikov function actually gives an asymptotic expression for the splitting function provided g [±1] 6= 0. Our study focuses on the case g [±1] = 0 and it is motivated by two main reasons. On the one hand the general understanding of the splitting, as current results fail for a perturbation as simple as g(t ) = cos(5t ) + cos(4t ) + cos(3t ). On the other hand, a study of the splitting of invariant manifolds of tori of rational frequency p/q in Arnold’s original model for diffusion leads to the consideration of pendulum-like Hamiltonians with g(t ) = sin p · t e + cos q · t e , where, for most p, q ¿ Z the perturbation satisfies g [±1] 6= 0. As expected, the Melnikov function is not a correct approximation for the splitting in this case. To tackle the problem we use a splitting formula based on the solutions of the so-called inner equation and make use of the Hamilton-Jacobi formalism. The leading exponentially small term appears at order µ n , where n is an integer determined exclusively by the harmonics of the perturbation. We also provide an algorithm to compute it.Preprin

Análisis de la satisfacción laboral percibida por los trabajadores pertenecientes al sector deportivo: una revisión sistemática

The aim of this research was to carry out a systematic review of the existing scientific information on job satisfaction as perceived by workers or professionals in sports organisations. This systematic review followed the considerations established by Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA). The present systematic review included published research papers whose subject matter was related to the job satisfaction of the worker or professional in the field of sport and especially in municipal sports services. After an initial papers analysis of 168 articles, we excluded those that did not meet the inclusion criteria (n = 147); thereby, we obtained the final selection of 18 articles. The results of this study seem to indicate that the job satisfaction of workers or professionals in sports organisations is fairly moderate and that there may also be differences depending on gender, type of work and the sector (public or private) to which they belong. Furthermore, the results analysed in this systematic review show that there is no uniformity in the evaluation systems for measuring workers' job satisfaction.El objetivo de esta investigación fue realizar una revisión sistemática sobre de la información científica existente referente a la satisfacción laboral percibida por el trabajador o profesional de entidades deportivas. La presente revisión sistemática siguió las consideraciones establecidas por Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA). En la presente revisión sistemática se incluyeron los estudios publicados cuya temática estuviera relacionada con la satisfacción laboral del trabajador o profesional en el ámbito deportivo y especialmente en los servicios deportivos municipales. Tras un primer análisis de trabajos donde se identificaron 168 artículos, se excluyeron aquellos que no cumplieran los criterios de inclusión (n = 147) y así, se obtuvo la selección definitiva de 18 artículos. Los resultados de este estudio parecen indicar que la satisfacción laboral de los trabajadores o profesionales de entidades deportivas en su mayoría es moderada, y que además pueden existir diferencias en función del sexo, del tipo de trabajo y del sector (público o privado) al que pertenezcan. Por otro lado, de los resultados analizados en la presente revisión sistemática se desprende que no existe uniformidad en los sistemas de evaluación para medir la satisfacción laboral de los trabajadores.&nbsp

Pesticide residues and autism spectrum disorder

El trastorno del espectro autista (TEA) engloba a un conjunto de trastornos del neurodesarrollo que se caracterizan por una interacción social deficiente, comunicación restringida y comportamientos repetitivos y estereotipados. La etiología del TEA es desconocida a día de hoy, por lo que diversos equipos de investigación multidisciplinares están realizando grandes esfuerzos para intentar dilucidar los factores y mecanismos que intervienen en su aparición. En este sentido, existe un creciente interés en el estudio de factores ambientales como la exposición a residuos de plaguicidas ya que se dispone de suficiente evidencia científica sobre los efectos neurotóxicos que éstos pueden provocar. Por lo tanto, pueden ser formuladas hipótesis de asociaciones específicas entre el TEA y los residuos de plaguicidas. Este trabajo realiza una revisión sistemática sobre la influencia de la exposición a residuos de plaguicidas y la aparición del TEA. La metodología para llevar a cabo este trabajo de revisión sistemática siguió las directrices marcadas por el método PRISMA, encontrándose un total de siete artículos elegibles para su discusión. Los residuos de plaguicidas estudiados por los artículos seleccionados fueron los organofosforados y sus metabolitos; los organoclorados, incluidos el endosulfán y los bifenilos policlorados junto a sus metabolitos; los carbamatos; los piretroides, incluida la cipermetrina; y el glufosinato de amonio. El estudio de la acción de estos plaguicidas se centró en el periodo prenatal, investigándose su exposición en madres gestantes que vivían en zonas próximas a campos de cultivo donde se aplican pesticidas, en modelos animales de ratón y en cultivos de células cerebrales. Se encontró que existe relación entre la exposición a plaguicidas en el periodo prenatal y el riesgo de aparición de TEA en la descendencia junto a una disbiosis en la microbiota intestinal en ratones. Por lo tanto, es importante evaluar el factor de riesgo de exposición a residuos de plaguicidas en la aparición del TEA con más datos, para lo cual se requieren más estudios tanto in vitro como in vivo con el fin de dilucidar los mecanismos bioquímicos precisos involucrados.Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) encompasses a group of neurodevelopmental disorders characterized by poor social interaction, restricted communication, and repetitive and stereotyped behaviors. The etiology of ASD is unknown today, so various multidisciplinary research teams are making great efforts to try to elucidate the factors and mechanisms involved in its appearance. In this sense, there is a growing interest in the study of environmental factors such as exposure to pesticide residues since there is sufficient scientific evidence on the neurotoxic effects that these can cause. Therefore, specific associations between TEA and pesticide residues can be hypothesized. This work carries out a systematic review on the influence of exposure to pesticide residues and the appearance of ASD. The methodology to carry out this systematic review followed the guidelines set by the PRISMA method, finding a total of seven articles eligible for discussion. The pesticide residues studied by the selected articles were organophosphates and their metabolites; organochlorines, including endosulfan and polychlorinated biphenyls together with their metabolites; carbamates; pyrethroids, including cypermethrin; and glufosinate ammonium. The study of the action of these pesticides focused on the prenatal period, investigating their exposure in pregnant mothers who lived in areas close to fields where pesticides are applied, in mouse animal models and in brain cell cultures. It was found that there is a relationship between exposure to pesticides in the prenatal period and the risk of the appearance of ASD in the offspring together with a dysbiosis of the gut microbiota in mice. Therefore, it is important to evaluate the risk factor of exposure to pesticide residues in the appearance of ASD with more data, for which more studies are required both in vitro and in vivo in order to elucidated the accurate biochemical mechanisms involved

Qualitative Analysis of the Professional Identity of Pre-Service Teachers

The professional teaching identity is a construct in continuous evolution. The university stage is the period in which pre-service teachers come into contact with the field in which they will later develop their professional practice. This article focuses its analysis on objectives such as the impact of the vocation on the professional teaching identity and the influence that the environment exerts on the professional identity of future teachers. For this, a qualitative investigation has been carried out, in which 23 students of the Infant Education degree have been interviewed. The content analysis and speech analysis have been carried out through the Nvivo 12 Plus software. which provided clues that have allowed examining the professional identity of Early Childhood Education teachers. Results corroborate the incidence of aspects such as experiences in the first years of life and the formation of attitudes in relation to others in the formation of the teaching vocation. As well as other stories such as the student\u27s personality, the stimulation of the environment or the existence of teachers with good practice in the construction of identity in aspiring teachers. The relevance of the university stage in the initial training in the profession is highlighted, especially the realization of practices in schools (practicum) as critical aspects in the identity construction of the participants, impacting on their professional decision, in the construction of their conception of education and teaching in addition to influencing a prospective view of the teacher who wishes to become

New opportunities for business communication: mobile advertising

Business communication in general, and advertising in particular, is in need of more targeted and effective approaches. This article introduces mobile advertising and its differential features, including the role of contextual advertising and customized relationship with mobile devices. It analyses future potential, identifying essential economic, technological and social forces that will shape mobile advertising in the short and middle term