Using simulation in the assessment of voting procedures: An epistemic instrumental approach

In this paper, we argue that computer simulations can provide valuable insights into the performance of voting methods on different collective decision problems. This could improve institutional design, even when there is no general theoretical result to support the optimality of a voting method. To support our claim, we first describe a decision problem that has not received much theoretical attention in the literature. We outline different voting methods to address that collective decision problem. Under certain criteria of assessment akin to extensions of the Condorcet Jury Theorem, we run simulations for the methods using MATLAB, in order to compare their performance under various conditions. We consider and respond to concerns about the use of simulations in the assessment of voting procedures for policymaking

Estudio de una familia de funciones de periodo tres y su dinámica caótica

Objetivo - construir sistemas dinámicos caóticos unidimensionales mediante el estudio de una familia de funciones con dominio y contradominio en el intervalo 0,1 la cual se define en términos de cuatro parámetros. Método - con base a los parámetros que definen a cada función que proponemos, se identificaron aquellas que tienen periodo tres, las cuales inducen un sistema caótico en el contexto de Li-Yorke. Los teoremas del punto fijo y de Sharkovskii fueron la herramienta fundamental de nuestro trabajo. Resultados - se obtuvo un conjunto de sistemas dinámicos caóticos, se describió un procedimiento sencillo para obtener sistemas dinámicos caóticos (adicionales a los obtenidos) y se sugiere como primera aplicación la obtención de números pseudoaleatorios. Limitaciones - los sistemas dinámicos construidos son caóticos en el sentido de Li-Yorke, -no necesariamente en el sentido de Devaney. Principales hallazgos - las funciones estudiadas tienen una gráfica en forma de Zeta, y para cada una de ellas se identifica a su respectiva dual (las gráficas que se obtienen presentan una relación de simetría), de esta manera se muestran las condiciones que deben verificar los parámetros -primal y dual- para obtener (y no obtener) período tres

Comparación de la irrigación del tendón de Aquiles en el hombre y en el cerdo doméstico

Las tensiones que soporta el tendón de Aquiles no son iguales en el cuadrúpedo que en el bípedo. El objetivo del trabajo fue determinar si esa diferencia de tensión se ve reflejada en la cantidad de arterias que lo irrigan.Facultad de Ciencias Médica

Screening of contaminants of emerging concern in surface water and wastewater effluents, assisted by the Persistency-Mobility-Toxicity Criteria

Contaminants of emerging concern (CECs) are compounds of diverse origins that have not been deeply studied in the past which are now accruing growing environmental interest. The NOR-Water project aimed to identify the main CECs and their sources in the water environment of Northern Portugal–Galicia (located in northwest Spain) transnational region. To achieve these goals, a suspect screening analytical methodology based on the use of liquid chromatography coupled to high resolution mass spectrometry (LC-HRMS) was applied to 29 sampling sites in two campaigns. These sampling sites included river and sea water, as well as treated wastewater. The screening was driven by a library of over 3500 compounds, which included 604 compounds prioritized from different relevant lists on the basis of the persistency, mobility, and toxicity criteria. Thus, a total of 343 chemicals could be tentatively identified in the analyzed samples. This list of 343 identified chemicals was submitted to the classification workflow used for prioritization and resulted in 153 chemicals tentatively classified as persistent, mobile, and toxic (PMT) and 23 as very persistent and very mobile (vMvP), pinpointing the relevance of these types of chemicals in the aqueous environment. Pharmaceuticals, such as the antidepressant venlafaxine or the antipsychotic sulpiride, and industrial chemicals, especially high production volume chemicals (HPVC) such as ε-caprolactam, were the groups of compounds that were detected at the highest frequencies.This research was funded by Xunta de Galicia (ED431C 2021/06) and the European Regional Development Fund through the Interreg V-A Spain-Portugal Programme (POCTEP) 2014-2020 (ref. 0725_NOR_WATER_1_P). R. M. acknowledges Banco Santander and Universidade de Santiago de Compostela for her outstanding researcher contract and N. A. acknowledges the Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT) for his Ph.D. grant DFA/BD/6218/2020.S

Parásitos gastrointestinales de hicoteas Trachemys callirostris (Emydidae) traficadas ilegalmente en Córdoba, Colombia

            The presence of gastrointestinal parasites in gastrointestinal tract of 100 Colombian sliders (Trachemys callirostris) admitted to the Wildlife Care and Assessment Center (CAV), Córdoba, Colombia, during 2009 and 2010, as a result of confiscations from illegal trafficking of wild animals. The gastrointestinal tracts were separated, washed and its contents were removed to identify and quantify the parasites. A total of 1064 individuals of the taxa Nematophila argentinum (44%), Serpinema sp (44%) and Spiroxys sp (12%) were isolated. The observed prevalences were 70% for N. argentinum (Trematode), and 63 and 49% for Serpinema sp and Spiroxys sp (Nematode), respectively. The mean intensity was 6.7 for N. argentinum, 7.3 for Serpinema sp, and 3.2 for Spiroxys sp. N. argentinum was mainly found in the large intestine (40%); however, this is the first report of this parasite in the mouth, oesophagus and cloaca. Individuals of Serpinema sp were found mixed within the content of the digestive tract, especially in the small intestine (63%), whereas Spiroxys sp were located mainly in the stomach (64%). The lesions found were focused and without compromising the lives of turtles.            Se determinó la presencia de parásitos gastrointestinales en el tracto gastrointestinal de 100 hicoteas de la especie Trachemys callirostris ingresadas al Centro de Atención y Valoración de Fauna Silvestre (CAV), Córdoba, Colombia, durante los años 2009 y 2010, como producto de decomisos del tráfico ilegal de animales silvestres. Los tractos gastrointestinales fueron separados, seccionados y lavados y el contenido fie removido para identificar y cuantificar los parásitos. Se aislaron 1064 individuos de la especie Nematophila argentinum (44%) y de los géneros Serpinema (44%) y Spiroxys (12%). Las prevalencias encontradas fueron de 70% para N. argentinum (Trematoda) y de 63 y 39% para Serpinema sp y Spiroxys sp (Nematoda), respectivamente. La intensidad media fue de 6.7 para N. argentinum, 7.3 para Serpinema sp y de 3.2 para Spiroxys sp. N. argentinum se encontró mayormente en intestino grueso (40%); sin embargo, este es el primer reporte de este parásito en boca, esófago y cloaca. Los individuos del género Serpinema sp, se encontraron inmersos en el contenido del tracto digestivo, con mayor proporción en intestino delgado (63%), mientras que Spiroxys sp se localizaron principalmente en estómago (64%). Las lesiones encontradas fueron localizadas y probablemente no comprometían significativamente la vida de los individuos

BIM en la universidad

126 páginas.La tecnología BIM (Building Information Modeling, por sus siglas en inglés) es un método innovador para facilitar la comunicación entre los sectores de la arquitectura, ingeniería y construcción, donde se genera intercambio de información de manera eficiente, se crean representaciones digitales (modelosv3d ricos en información) de todas las fases del proceso de construcción y simulan el rendimiento en la vida real, lo que perfecciona el flujo de trabajo, aumenta la productividad y mejora la calidad. En México se realizó un estudio en la industria de la construcción (Bim Forum México, encuesta 2017), que analiza las razones por las que las empresas no utilizan BIM; las que destacan que: las licencias y equipos son muy caros (29%), no se cuenta con personal calificado (23%), los clientes no lo requieren (5%), la industria mexicana no está preparada (4%), no hay capacitación en ello (3%), no hay tiempo para implementarlo (2%), etc. Ante tales razones, los desafíos a los que se enfrenta el sector académico es implementar dentro de sus programas de estudio la enseñanza la tecnología BIM para la formación de nuevas generaciones de profesionales (arquitectos e ingenieros) que cuenten con los conocimientos y habilidades necesarias para responder a los retos que se enfrenta la industria de la construcción. El presente documento se enfoca a estudios realizados por académicos de diversas universidades: Worcester Polytechnic Institute, USA; Universidad Politécnica de Madrid; Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, México; y Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, Unidad Azcapotzalco, México. Las investigaciones han sido acerca de la experiencia en la implementación de la tecnología BIM en la práctica y en el proceso de enseñanza aprendizaje

Journal of Engineering Notebooks. N.1

La aparición del primer número de Cuadernos de Ingeniería, es un punto de inflexión en el desarrollo ordenado de la actividad investigativa de la UNAB y específicamente en la Escuela de Ciencias Naturales e Ingeniería.Presentación. - 7 Algortimo estocástico para solución de un problema de control. - 11 Biosorción de metales pesados mediante el uso de biomasa microbiana. - 21 Caracterización química del bagazo de caña, de la yuca raíz sin cáscara y del residuo fibroso de la palma africana como fuentes potenciales en la producción de etanol carburante por vía biotecnológica. - 33 Efecto doppler de una fuente sonora con movimiento armónico simple. - 55 Modelos matemáticos para procesos de mercado. - 67The appearance of the first issue of Engineering Notebooks is a turning point in the orderly development of the research activity at UNAB and specifically at the School of Natural Sciences and Engineering

Genetic diversity of HLA system in four populations from Baja California, Mexico: Mexicali, La Paz, Tijuana and rural Baja California

We studied HLA class I (HLA-A, -B) and class II (HLA-DRB1, -DQB1) alleles by PCR-SSP based typing in 250 Mexicans from the states of Baja California Norte and Baja California Sur living in Mexicali (N = 100), La Paz (N = 75), Tijuana (N = 25) and rural communities (N = 50) to obtain information regarding allelic and haplotypic frequencies. The most frequent haplotypes for the Baja California region include nine Native American and five European haplotypes. Admixture estimates revealed that the main genetic components are European (50.45 ± 1.84% by ML; 42.03% of European haplotypes) and Native American (43.72 ± 2.36% by ML; 40.24% of Native American haplotypes), while the African genetic component was less apparent (5.83 ± 0.98% by ML; 9.36% of African haplotypes)

Repeat cryoablation as a redo procedure for atrial fibrillation ablation: Is it a good choice?

Background: Ablation of atrial fibrillation (AF), both cryoablation ablation (CBA) and radiofrequency catheter ablation (RFCA), have demonstrated to be safe and effective. About 1 in 3 patients may face a redo due to recurrence and the best technique is unknown. The aim of this study is to assess the efficacy of CBA as a repeat procedure in patients with prior CBA or RFCA. Methods: A nation-wide CBA registry (RECABA) was analyzed and patients were compared who had previously undergone CBA (Prior-CB) or RFCA (Prior-RF). The primary endpoint was AF recurrence at 12 months after a 3-month blanking period. A survival analysis was performed, univariate and multivariate Cox models were also built. Results: Seventy-four patients were included. Thirty-three (44.6%) were in the Prior-CB group and 41 (55.4%) in the Prior-RF. There were more reconnected pulmonary veins in the Prior-RF than in Prior-CB group (40.4% vs.16.5%, p = 0.0001). The 12-month Kaplan–Meier estimate of freedom from AF recurrence after the blanking period was 61.0% (95% confidence interval [CI] 41.4–75.8%) in the Prior-CB, and 89.2% (95% CI 73.6–95.9%) in the Prior-RF group (p = 0.002).  Multivariate Cox regression pointed Prior-CB as the sole independent predictor of AF recurrence, with an adjusted HR of 2.67 (95% CI 1.05–6.79). Conclusions: Repeat CBA shows higher rates of AF recurrences compared to CBA after a previous RFCA despite presenting less reconnected veins at the procedure. These data suggest that patients with AF recurrence after CBA may benefit from other ablation techniques after a recurrence. RECABA is registered at clinicaltrials.gov with the Unique Identifier NCT02785991

The immunogenetic diversity of the HLA system in Mexico correlates with underlying population genetic structure

We studied HLA class I (HLA-A, -B) and class II (HLA-DRB1, -DQB1) allele groups and alleles by PCR-SSP based typing in a total of 15,318 mixed ancestry Mexicans from all the states of the country divided into 78 sample sets, providing information regarding allelic and haplotypic frequencies and their linkage disequilibrium, as well as admixture estimates and genetic substructure. We identified the presence of 4268 unique HLA extended haplotypes across Mexico and find that the ten most frequent (HF > 1%) HLA haplotypes with significant linkage disequilibrium (Δ’≥0.1) in Mexico (accounting for 20% of the haplotypic diversity of the country) are of primarily Native American ancestry (A*02~B*39~DRB1*04~DQB1*03:02, A*02~B*35~DRB1*08~DQB1*04, A*68~B*39~DRB1*04~DQB1*03:02, A*02~B*35~DRB1*04~DQB1*03:02, A*24~B*39~DRB1*14~DQB1*03:01, A*24~B*35~DRB1*04~DQB1*03:02, A*24~B*39~DRB1*04~DQB1*03:02, A*02~B*40:02~DRB1*04~DQB1*03:02, A*68~B*35~DRB1*04~DQB1*03:02, A*02~B*15:01~DRB1*04~DQB1*03:02). Admixture estimates obtained by a maximum likelihood method using HLA-A/-B/-DRB1 as genetic estimators revealed that the main genetic components in Mexico as a whole are Native American (ranging from 37.8% in the northern part of the country to 81.5% in the southeastern region) and European (ranging from 11.5% in the southeast to 62.6% in northern Mexico). African admixture ranged from 0.0 to 12.7% not following any specific pattern. We were able to detect three major immunogenetic clusters correlating with genetic diversity and differential admixture within Mexico: North, Central and Southeast, which is in accordance with previous reports using genome-wide data. Our findings provide insights into the population immunogenetic substructure of the whole country and add to the knowledge of mixed ancestry Latin American population genetics, important for disease association studies, detection of demographic signatures on population variation and improved allocation of public health resources.Fil: Barquera, Rodrigo. Max Planck Institute For The Science Of Human History; Alemania. Instituto Nacional de Antropología E Historia. Escuela Nacional de Antropología E Historia; MéxicoFil: Hernández Zaragoza, Diana Iraíz. Técnicas Genéticas Aplicadas A la Clínica (tgac); México. Instituto Nacional de Antropología E Historia. Escuela Nacional de Antropología E Historia; MéxicoFil: Bravo Acevedo, Alicia. Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social; MéxicoFil: Arrieta Bolaños, Esteban. Universitat Essen; AlemaniaFil: Clayton, Stephen. Max Planck Institute For The Science Of Human History; AlemaniaFil: Acuña Alonzo, Víctor. Instituto Nacional de Antropología E Historia, Mexico; MéxicoFil: Martínez Álvarez, Julio César. Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social; MéxicoFil: López Gil, Concepción. Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social; MéxicoFil: Adalid Sáinz, Carmen. Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social; MéxicoFil: Vega Martínez, María del Rosario. Hospital Central Sur de Alta Especialidad; MéxicoFil: Escobedo Ruíz, Araceli. Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social; MéxicoFil: Juárez Cortés, Eva Dolores. Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social; MéxicoFil: Immel, Alexander. Max Planck Institute For The Science Of Human History; Alemania. Christian Albrechts Universitat Zu Kiel; AlemaniaFil: Pacheco Ubaldo, Hanna. Instituto Nacional de Antropología E Historia. Escuela Nacional de Antropología E Historia; MéxicoFil: González Medina, Liliana. Instituto Nacional de Antropología E Historia. Escuela Nacional de Antropología E Historia; MéxicoFil: Lona Sánchez, Abraham. Instituto Nacional de Antropología E Historia. Escuela Nacional de Antropología E Historia; MéxicoFil: Lara Riegos, Julio. Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán; MéxicoFil: Sánchez Fernández, María Guadalupe de Jesús. Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social; MéxicoFil: Díaz López, Rosario. Hospital Central Militar, Mexico City; MéxicoFil: Guizar López, Gregorio Ulises. Hospital Central Militar, Mexico City; MéxicoFil: Medina Escobedo, Carolina Elizabeth. Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social; MéxicoFil: Arrazola García, María Araceli. Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social; MéxicoFil: Montiel Hernández, Gustavo Daniel. Instituto Nacional de Antropología E Historia. Escuela Nacional de Antropología E Historia; MéxicoFil: Hernández Hernández, Ofelia. Técnicas Genéticas Aplicadas a la Clínica ; MéxicoFil: Ramos de la Cruz, Flor del Rocío. Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social; MéxicoFil: Juárez Nicolás, Francisco. Instituto Nacional de Pediatría; MéxicoFil: Pantoja Torres, Jorge Arturo. Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social; MéxicoFil: Rodríguez Munguía, Tirzo Jesús. Hospital General Norberto Treviño Zapata; MéxicoFil: Juárez Barreto, Vicencio. Hospital Infantil de Mexico Federico Gomez; MéxicoFil: Gonzalez-Jose, Rolando. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Centro Nacional Patagónico. Instituto Patagónico de Ciencias Sociales y Humanas; Argentin