Proyecto de innovación educativa: límite y continuidad

Se explica un proyecto sencillo de innovación educativa para introducir de manera intuitiva la caracterización épsilon-delta de límite a estudiantes de bachillerato

Effect of the initial VDFs in magnetic nozzle expansions

This work presents a kinetic study of the plasma response in a fully magnetized plasma expansion. A paraxial, collisionless, steady-state plasma model is used to analyze the effect of expanding in a convergent-divergent nozzle a plasma with different types of VDF at the plasma reservoir. The first part of the paper studies the kinetic features, such as magnetic mirroring and anisotropy for both ions and electrons. The collective effects are analyzed by evaluating the momentum and energy equations based on the kinetic solution. The study of the collisionless heat fluxes allows estimating a simple closure to the fluid equation hierarchy for the electrons. The second part of the paper analyzes the solution with two species of electrons with disparate temperatures at the upstream source. A quasineutral steepened profile is formed, which impacts the plasma properties along the expansion. The collisionless electron cooling, as well as the anisotropy on the divergent side of the nozzle are analyzed by separating the different subpopulations of electrons (free, reflected, or doubly-trapped), of both the thermal and the suprathermal species.The work has been supported by Project ESP2016-75887 (Spain’s National Research and Development Plan - MINECO/FEDER), and by the European Union Horizon 2020 project MINOTOR, that has received funding from the research and innovation program under grant agreement No 730028

Conflictos en la ciudad turística desde la perspectiva de los movimientos sociales locales

This research addresses the conflicts generated by the recent tourist growth in the tourist city from the perspective of local social movements. First, these processes of growth are reviewed, with a particular focus on excess tourism and the role of tourist housing. Second, it reflects on the conflicts and the social reactions to the perception of negative impacts of tourism in its daily space. Third, the theoretical revision is contrasted and applied to the cities of Malaga and Marbella. The results show that in cities with classic coastal tourism rental housing have existed since their origins as a destination, and now it has become visible because technology platforms have placed it in the global market; meanwhile, in cities with urban-cultural tourism, housing is a new form of accommodation that generates new conflicts. Finally, the results contrast the characteristics of the growth model in the tourist city with the demands of social movements based on reconciling tourism with preserving and improving the quality of everyday life. The three results constitute research opportunities.Esta investigación aborda los conflictos generados por el crecimiento turístico reciente en la ciudad turística desde la perspectiva de los movimientos sociales locales. Para ello primero, se revisan estos procesos de crecimiento, con especial atención a la percepción del exceso de turismo y al papel de las viviendas con fines turísticos. En segundo lugar, se reflexiona sobre los conflictos y las reacciones sociales que responden a la percepción de impactos negativos del turismo en su espacio cotidiano. Se contrasta la revisión teórica de manera aplicada a las ciudades de Málaga y Marbella. Los resultados evidencian que en las ciudades con turismo clásico de litoral ya existía la vivienda de alquiler desde sus orígenes como destino y ahora se ha visibilizado porque las plataformas digitales lo han puesto en el mercado global; en ciudades con turismo urbano-cultural las viviendas son una nueva forma de alojamiento que genera nuevos conflictos; por último, los resultados contrastan las características del modelo crecentista en la ciudad turística frente a las reivindicaciones de los movimientos sociales que cuya base es la compatibilidad del turismo con la preservación y mejora de la calidad de la vida cotidiana. Los tres resultados constituyen oportunidades de investigación.The research in this paper was funded by the project “Overtourism in Spanish coastal destinations. Tourism degrowth strategies An approach from the social dimension” (RTI2018-094844-B-C33) financed by Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities (National Plan for RþDþi) the Spanish State Research Agency and the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF)

La Mejora Continua en el Aula. Innovación y Formación

En este trabajo se propone dotar al docente de una herramienta para que trabaje de acuerdo a unos estándares de calidad aplicados al contexto del aula. Estos útiles de trabajo se basan en la metodología de la mejora continua de la calidad de los procesos, según describe el conocido normalmente como "círculo" o "ciclo de Deming" (aunque su verdadero nombre sería de Shewhard, ya que fue el primer creador del mismo) o PDCA (Deming, 1989). La herramienta está constituida por procedimientos, normas y guías de actuación, que ayuden o faciliten la tarea al profesor y contribuyan a la garantía de la calidad de su actividad educativa. Son una ayuda para el docente, sencilla, funcional y de fácil aplicación, por lo que difieren totalmente de los actuales sistemas de gestión de la calidad que se implantan en los centros de educativos y que suelen colapsar la gestión y su control con una gran cantidad de documentación, datos, registros e indicadores que acaban por no llevarse al día y sobre todo y lo que más perjudica, desmotivando a los docentes hacia su uso

Characterization of diamagnetism inside an ECR thruster with a diamagnetic loop

The plasma-induced magnetic field in an electron cyclotron resonance plasma thruster is measured non-intrusively by means of a diamagnetic loop that encloses the plasma flow. The calibration process is described, and parasitic currents in the thruster walls and plasma oscillations are identified as the dominant sources of uncertainty. The integrated magnetic flux is seen to depend on the applied power and less significantly on the mass flow rate. The effect of the diamagnetic loop radius is also studied by testing two loops of different diameters. To estimate the perpendicular electron pressure in the plasma from the loop measurements, two plasma beam models, 1D and 2D, are used. While both models give similar results for the small loop, they differ significantly for the large loop, showing the relevance of 2D effects when a large diamagnetic loop is used.This work was made in the framework of project MINOTOR that has received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under Grant agreement No 730028. Additional funding came from the Spanish R&D National Plan (Grant No. PN ESP2016-75887)

Hierarchical regulation of sensor data transmission for networked telerobots

Networked telerobots carry sensors that send data, with stochastic transmission times, to a remote human operator, who must execute some real-time control task (e.g., navigation). In this paper we propose to regulate the sensory information being transmitted in order to guarantee soft real-time requirements and also optimize the quality of control, through a novel two-level hierarchical controller that both varies the amount of transmitted sensor data and dynamically reconfigures active sensors. Our controller has been implemented in a web-based teleoperator interface that is highly portable (it runs on desktop PCs, tablets, smartphones, etc.) and non-invasive, i.e., requires minimal modifications in the existing components of the system, thus being suitable for many applications. Here we present our regulation methods and the results of some experiments. They demonstrate the maximization of the transmitted data while guaranteeing the real-time requirements.Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech

Observational study of lipid profile and LDL particle size in patients with metabolic syndrome

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>The atherogenic lipoprotein phenotype is characterized by an increase in plasma triglycerides, a decrease in high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDLc), and the prevalence of small, dense-low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDLc) particles. The aim of this study was to establish the importance of LDL particle size measurement by gender in a group of patients with Metabolic Syndrome (MS) attending at a Cardiovascular Risk Unit in Primary Care and their classification into phenotypes.</p> <p>Subjects and methods</p> <p>One hundred eighty-five patients (93 men and 92 women) from several areas in the South of Spain, for a period of one year in a health centre were studied. Laboratory parameters included plasma lipids, lipoproteins, low-density lipoprotein size and several atherogenic rates were determinated.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>We found differences by gender between anthropometric parameters, blood pressure and glucose measures by MS status. Lipid profile was different in our two study groups, and gender differences in these parameters within each group were also remarkable, in HDLc and Apo A-I values. According to LDL particle size, we found males had smaller size than females, and patients with MS had also smaller than those without MS. We observed inverse relationship between LDL particle size and triglycerides in patients with and without MS, and the same relationship between all atherogenic rates in non-MS patients. When we considered our population in two classes of phenotypes, lipid profile was worse in phenotype B.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>In conclusion, we consider worthy the measurement of LDL particle size due to its relationship with lipid profile and cardiovascular risk.</p

Comparison Between Fractional Vegetation Cover Retrievals from Vegetation Indices and Spectral Mixture Analysis: Case Study of PROBA/CHRIS Data Over an Agricultural Area

In this paper we compare two different methodologies for Fractional Vegetation Cover (FVC) retrieval from Compact High Resolution Imaging Spectrometer (CHRIS) data onboard the European Space Agency (ESA) Project for On-Board Autonomy (PROBA) platform. The first methodology is based on empirical approaches using Vegetation Indices (VIs), in particular the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) and the Variable Atmospherically Resistant Index (VARI). The second methodology is based on the Spectral Mixture Analysis (SMA) technique, in which a Linear Spectral Unmixing model has been considered in order to retrieve the abundance of the different constituent materials within pixel elements, called Endmembers (EMs). These EMs were extracted from the image using three different methods: i) manual extraction using a land cover map, ii) Pixel Purity Index (PPI) and iii) Automated Morphological Endmember Extraction (AMEE). The different methodologies for FVC retrieval were applied to one PROBA/CHRIS image acquired over an agricultural area in Spain, and they were calibrated and tested against in situ measurements of FVC estimated with hemispherical photographs. The results obtained from VIs show that VARI correlates better with FVC than NDVI does, with standard errors of estimation of less than 8% in the case of VARI and less than 13% in the case of NDVI when calibrated using the in situ measurements. The results obtained from the SMA-LSU technique show Root Mean Square Errors (RMSE) below 12% when EMs are extracted from the AMEE method and around 9% when extracted from the PPI method. A RMSE value below 9% was obtained for manual extraction of EMs using a land cover use map

Perspectivas de la edición genética (CRISPR/Cas9)

La posibilidad de introducir cambios permanentes en el genoma humano a partir de técnicas como CRISPR/Cas ha renovado la reflexión ética y bioética sobre lasperspectivas del desarrollo científico y su incidencia en el ámbito humano. En esta oportunidad se abordará, desde una perspectiva biológica, las aplicaciones del sistema CRISPR/Cas como herramienta de edición genómica y sus aplicaciones potenciales. Luego, el fenómeno será analizado desde las perspectivas éticas yjurídicas, con especial atención en la protección de la dignidad humana, el resguardo de la integridad y la diversidad genética. Se analizará el alcance del principio precautorio para profundizar la reflexión sobre el desarrollo tecnológico. Por último, se concluye que deberían analizarse cuidadosamente los usos de estas tecnologías, no para prohibirlas de un modo absoluto, sino para conocer y evaluar los riesgos y eventualmente los beneficios de su implementación.The possibility of introducing permanent changes in the human genome through CRISPR/Cas techniques has renewed the ethical and bioethical reflection on the perspectives of the scientific developments and its incidence on the human background. In this opportunity, the application of the CRISPR/Cas system as a genomic editing tool and its potential applications will be addressed from a biological perspective. Then, the phenomenon will be analyzed form the ethical and legal perspectives, with special attention on the protection of human dignity, respect for personal integrity and genetic diversity. The scope of the precautionary principle will be analyzed to deepen the reflection on the technological development. Finally, it is concluded that the uses of these technologies an absolute way, but to know and assess the risks and eventually the benefits of their implementation.Fil: Lima, Natacha Salomé. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Psicología; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Ramos Martínez, Gustavo Antonio. Universidad de Buenos Aires; ArgentinaFil: Soberón, María Victoria. Universidad Nacional de La Plata; ArgentinaFil: Cornejo Plaza, María Isabel. Universidad de Chile; Chil