Uso de la tecnología en el ámbito laboral según puesto de trabajo y tipo de actividad

El presente proyecto tiene por objeto dar a conocer la influencia de las nuevas tecnologías de la Información y la Comunicación (TIC) sobre el comportamiento laboral de los trabajadores (rendimiento, bienestar, condiciones laborales…) en diferentes sectores empresariales. Para llevarlo a cabo, hemos realizado una revisión de lo que han supuesto las nuevas tecnologías para las empresas y sus trabajadores, así como del proceso de adopción de las mismas y su influencia en el rendimiento del trabajo. Para ello se ha realizado un análisis exhaustivo de una encuesta realizada exclusivamente para el estudio, a una población ocupada y desempleada de diferentes nacionalidades, destacando los sectores más relevantes. En este análisis, se ha hecho hincapié en las variables tecnológicas de la encuesta, con el fin de argumentar la versatilidad de las nuevas tecnologías para los trabajadores en las diferentes industrias estudiadas. Como resultado, se ha determinado los sectores administrativo, educativo y ventas como los más implicados en el uso de las tecnologías. No obstante, a través de la encuesta, veremos como todos los sectores mantienen una estrecha relación con las TIC y las implementan casi diariamente, ya sea con menor o mayor intensidad.The aim of this project is to provide information on the influence of new Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) on the work behaviour of workers (performance, well-being, working conditions...) in different business sectors. To carry out this work, we have begun by analysing what new technologies have meant for companies and their workers, as well as the process of adopting them. On the other hand, the influence of ICTs on work performance has been analysed. Finally, an exhaustive analysis of a survey carried out exclusively for the study, to an employed and unemployed population of different nationalities, highlighting the most relevant sectors. In this analysis, the technologies variables are the highlights of the survey, with the purpose of arguing the versatility of new technologies for workers in the different industries studied. As a result, the administrative, education and sales sector are the most involved in the use of technologies. However, through the survey, we will see that all sectors maintain a close relationship with ICT and implement them almost daily, to a greater o lesser extent

Correcting the FRA systematic error in VTEC maps from SMOS radiometric data

The Faraday rotation (FR) is a nonnegligible effect at the L-band, which is the operation frequency of the Soil Moisture and Ocean Salinity (SMOS) mission. This effect introduces a rotation in the electromagnetic field polarization when propagating through the ionosphere that must be compensated. Recently, a methodology was developed in order to retrieve the vertical total electron content (VTEC) from SMOS radiometric data with the aim to better correct the FR effect [1] . In that work, systematic patterns in the retrieved FR angle (FRA) were detected. In this article, these systematic patterns are characterized and corrected to improve the quality of the retrieved VTEC maps. These maps can be then reused in the SMOS level 2 processor for the correction of the FRA in the mission. The impact of using the SMOS-derived VTEC maps instead of the VTEC data from global positioning system (GPS) measurements on the ocean brightness temperatures (TB) measurement has also been analyzed. Results of this analysis show that the usage of those maps allows a significant enhancement in the quality of the TB, which will lead to an improvement on salinity retrievals.This work was supported in part by the European Space Agency, Soil Moisture and Ocean Salinity (SMOS) Expert Support Laboratories (ESL) for SMOS Level 1 and Level 2 over Land, Ocean and Ice Project under Grant RFQ/3-16138/19/I-BG; in part by the SMOS P7 under Contract DME CP12 no. 2015-005 (in joint with Deimos Engenharia, Portugal); in part by the Spanish Public Funds under Project TEC2017-88850-R and Project ESP2015-67549-C3-1-R through the Award “Unidad de Excelencia María de Maeztu” MDM-2016-0600, financed by the “Agencia Estatal de Investigación” (Spain); in part by the European Regional Development (ERDF); in part by the SMOS ESL for SMOS Level 1 and Level 2 over Land, Ocean and Ice Project under Grant ARG/003-032/0315/ICMCSIC; in part by the Spanish Research and Development Project INTERACT under Grant PID2020-114623RB-C31; and in part by the Spanish Government through the “Severo Ochoa Centre of Excellence” accreditation under Grant CEX2019-000928-S.Peer ReviewedPostprint (author's final draft

Calibration of the MIRAS Radiometers

© 2018 IEEE. Personal use of this material is permitted. Permission from IEEE must be obtained for all other uses, in any current or future media, including reprinting/republishing this material for advertising or promotional purposes,creating new collective works, for resale or redistribution to servers or lists, or reuse of any copyrighted component of this work in other works.The microwave imaging radiometer with aperture synthesis (MIRAS) is formed by 69 total power radiometers, of which three are the noise-injection type. Their calibration is reviewed on the basis of the data gathered during more than eight years of operation. Internally calibrated gain and offset corrections with improved temporal stability are presented. New front-end loss characterization with lower seasonal dependence originated from external temperature swings is also proposed. Finally, a methodology to validate the external calibrations, with the instrument pointing to the cold sky, is developed. It seems to indicate that the change of orientation of the instrument, with associated thermal variations, may induce small changes in the radiometer front-end losses, thus introducing calibration errors.Peer ReviewedPostprint (author's final draft

Increasing stratification as observed by satellite sea surface salinity measurements

9 pages, 4 figures, supplementary information https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-10265-1.-- This work is a contribution to CSIC PTI TeledetectChanges in the Earth’s water cycle can be estimated by analyzing sea surface salinity. This variable reflects the balance between precipitation and evaporation over the ocean, since the upper layers of the ocean are the most sensitive to atmosphere–ocean interactions. In situ measurements lack spatial and temporal synopticity and are typically acquired at few meters below the surface. Satellite measurements, on the contrary, are synoptic, repetitive and acquired at the surface. Here we show that the satellite-derived sea surface salinity measurements evidence an intensification of the water cycle (the freshest waters become fresher and vice-versa) which is not observed at the in-situ near-surface salinity measurements. The largest positive differences between surface and near-surface salinity trends are located over regions characterized by a decrease in the mixed layer depth and the sea surface wind speed, and an increase in sea surface temperature, which is consistent with an increased stratification of the water column due to global warming. These results highlight the crucial importance of using satellites to unveil critical changes on ocean–atmosphere fluxesThis work was supported in part by the Spanish R&D project L-BAND (ESP2017-89463-C3-1-R), which is funded by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 and “ERDF A way of making Europe”, and project INTERACT (PID2020-114623RB-C31), which is funded by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033. , and in part by the European Space Agency by means of the Contract SMOS ESL L2OS. We also acknowledge funding from the Spanish government through the ‘Severo Ochoa Centre of Excellence’ accreditation (CEX2019-000928-S)Peer reviewe

Research ethics review system state in Argentina and the adaptation in response to the COVID-19 pandemic

Fil: Palmero, Ana. Ministerio de Salud de la Nación; Argentina.Fil: Torales, Santiago. Ministerio de Salud de la Nación; Argentina.Fil: Garau, Laura. Ministerio de Salud de la Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires; Argentina.Fil: Álvarez, Jorgelina. Ministerio de Salud, Desarrollo Social y Deportes de Mendoza; Argentina.Fil: Martinelli, Beatriz. Ministerio de Salud de Santa Fe; Argentina.Fil: Vukotich, Claudia. Ministerio de Salud de la Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires; Argentina.Fil: Sanchez, Silvina. Ministerio de Salud de la Provincia de Buenos Aires; Argentina.Fil: Burger, Carlos. Ministerio de Salud de la Provincia de Buenos Aires; Argentina.Fil: Mercado, Daniel. Ministerio de Salud de Córdoba; Argentina.Fil: Lencina, Verónica. Ministerio de Salud de Salta; Argentina.Fil: Oliva, Valeria. Ministerio de Salud de Salta; Argentina.Fil: Anze, Ismael. Ministerio de Salud de Salta; Argentina.Fil: Apaza, Gladis. Ministerio de Salud de Jujuy; Argentina.Fil: Bazán de Casella, María Cristina. Ministerio de Salud de Tucumán; Argentina.Fil: Burgos, Graciela. Ministerio de Salud de Santiago del Estero; Argentina.Fil: Martín, María Cristina. Ministerio de Salud de Misiones; Argentina.Fil: Margaria, Laura. Ministerio de Salud de Río Negro; Argentina.Fil: Manonelles, Gabriela. Ministerio de Salud de Santa Cruz; Argentina.Fil: Benzi, Patricia. Ministerio de Salud de Entre Ríos; Argentina.Fil: Pérez Pazo, Andrea. Ministerio de Salud Pública de San Juan; Argentina.INTRODUCCIÓN: un sistema de evaluación ética de las investigaciones en seres humanos es esencial para proteger los derechos de los participantes. Los desafíos impuestos por la pandemia de la COVID-19 para conducir investigaciones éticas que produzcan resultados con rapidez demuestran la necesidad de fortalecerlo. El objetivo de este estudio fue describir el estado de situación de los sistemas de evaluación ética de las provincias de Argentina y las adaptaciones realizadas por la pandemia. MÉTODOS: se realizó una encuesta a los comités provinciales de ética en investigación o áreas similares de los ministerios de Salud que ejercen la vigilancia sobre la evaluación ética de las investigaciones de su jurisdicción. RESULTADOS: respondieron 16 de las 17 provincias encuestadas. El 93,7% de los comités provinciales evalúa investigaciones en seres humanos y tiene procedimientos operativos estandarizados (POE). El 68,7% lleva un registro de los comités de ética en investigación (CEI) de su jurisdicción. Un 75% acredita a los CEI y un 68,7% los supervisa. El 100% tiene un registro de las investigaciones en salud; en 56,2% de los casos este registro es público. Del total, 81,2% realizan actividades de capacitación. El 100% adaptó los POE para evaluar estudios sobre la COVID-19. DISCUSIÓN: los resultados muestran sistemas provinciales consolidados. Se requiere fortalecer la transparencia en la investigación mediante el registro público de las investigaciones. Se identificaron posibilidades de mejora para proponer acciones a futuro

Research ethics review system state in Argentina and the adaptation in response to the COVID-19 pandemic

Fil: Palmero, Ana. Ministerio de Salud de la Nación; Argentina.Fil: Torales, Santiago. Ministerio de Salud de la Nación; Argentina.Fil: Garau, Laura. Ministerio de Salud de la Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires; Argentina.Fil: Álvarez, Jorgelina. Ministerio de Salud, Desarrollo Social y Deportes de Mendoza; Argentina.Fil: Martinelli, Beatriz. Ministerio de Salud de Santa Fe; Argentina.Fil: Vukotich, Claudia. Ministerio de Salud de la Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires; Argentina.Fil: Sanchez, Silvina. Ministerio de Salud de la Provincia de Buenos Aires; Argentina.Fil: Burger, Carlos. Ministerio de Salud de la Provincia de Buenos Aires; Argentina.Fil: Mercado, Daniel. Ministerio de Salud de Córdoba; Argentina.Fil: Lencina, Verónica. Ministerio de Salud de Salta; Argentina.Fil: Oliva, Valeria. Ministerio de Salud de Salta; Argentina.Fil: Anze, Ismael. Ministerio de Salud de Salta; Argentina.Fil: Apaza, Gladis. Ministerio de Salud de Jujuy; Argentina.Fil: Bazán de Casella, María Cristina. Ministerio de Salud de Tucumán; Argentina.Fil: Burgos, Graciela. Ministerio de Salud de Santiago del Estero; Argentina.Fil: Martín, María Cristina. Ministerio de Salud de Misiones; Argentina.Fil: Margaria, Laura. Ministerio de Salud de Río Negro; Argentina.Fil: Manonelles, Gabriela. Ministerio de Salud de Santa Cruz; Argentina.Fil: Benzi, Patricia. Ministerio de Salud de Entre Ríos; Argentina.Fil: Pérez Pazo, Andrea. Ministerio de Salud Pública de San Juan; Argentina.INTRODUCCIÓN: un sistema de evaluación ética de las investigaciones en seres humanos es esencial para proteger los derechos de los participantes. Los desafíos impuestos por la pandemia de la COVID-19 para conducir investigaciones éticas que produzcan resultados con rapidez demuestran la necesidad de fortalecerlo. El objetivo de este estudio fue describir el estado de situación de los sistemas de evaluación ética de las provincias de Argentina y las adaptaciones realizadas por la pandemia. MÉTODOS: se realizó una encuesta a los comités provinciales de ética en investigación o áreas similares de los ministerios de Salud que ejercen la vigilancia sobre la evaluación ética de las investigaciones de su jurisdicción. RESULTADOS: respondieron 16 de las 17 provincias encuestadas. El 93,7% de los comités provinciales evalúa investigaciones en seres humanos y tiene procedimientos operativos estandarizados (POE). El 68,7% lleva un registro de los comités de ética en investigación (CEI) de su jurisdicción. Un 75% acredita a los CEI y un 68,7% los supervisa. El 100% tiene un registro de las investigaciones en salud; en 56,2% de los casos este registro es público. Del total, 81,2% realizan actividades de capacitación. El 100% adaptó los POE para evaluar estudios sobre la COVID-19. DISCUSIÓN: los resultados muestran sistemas provinciales consolidados. Se requiere fortalecer la transparencia en la investigación mediante el registro público de las investigaciones. Se identificaron posibilidades de mejora para proponer acciones a futuro

SMOS payload in-orbit performance

Postprint (published version

Use of tocilizumab in kidney transplant recipients with COVID-1

Acute respiratory distress syndrome associated with coronavirus infection is related to a cytokine storm with large interleukin-6 (IL-6) release. The IL-6-receptor blocker tocilizumab may control the aberrant host immune response in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) . In this pandemic, kidney transplant (KT) recipients are a high-risk population for severe infection and showed poor outcomes. We present a multicenter cohort study of 80 KT patients with severe COVID-19 treated with tocilizumab during hospital admission. High mortality rate was identified (32.5%), related with older age (hazard ratio [HR] 3.12 for those older than 60 years, P = .039). IL-6 and other inflammatory markers, including lactic acid dehydrogenase, ferritin, and D-dimer increased early after tocilizumab administration and their values were higher in nonsurvivors. Instead, C-reactive protein (CRP) levels decreased after tocilizumab, and this decrease positively correlated with survival (mean 12.3 mg/L in survivors vs. 33 mg/L in nonsurvivors). Each mg/L of CRP soon after tocilizumab increased the risk of death by 1% (HR 1.01 [confidence interval 1.004-1.024], P = .003). Although patients who died presented with worse respiratory situation at admission, this was not significantly different at tocilizumab administration and did not have an impact on outcome in the multivariate analysis. Tocilizumab may be effective in controlling cytokine storm in COVID-19 but randomized trials are needed

Prospective associations between a priori dietary patterns adherence and kidney function in an elderly Mediterranean population at high cardiovascular risk

Purpose To assess the association between three different a priori dietary patterns adherence (17-item energy reduced-Mediterranean Diet (MedDiet), Trichopoulou-MedDiet and Dietary Approach to Stop Hypertension (DASH)), as well as the Protein Diet Score and kidney function decline after one year of follow-up in elderly individuals with overweight/obesity and metabolic syndrome (MetS). Methods We prospectively analyzed 5675 participants (55-75 years) from the PREDIMED-Plus study. At baseline and at one year, we evaluated the creatinine-based estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and food-frequency questionnaires-derived dietary scores. Associations between four categories (decrease/maintenance and tertiles of increase) of each dietary pattern and changes in eGFR (ml/min/1.73m(2)) or >= 10% eGFR decline were assessed by fitting multivariable linear or logistic regression models, as appropriate. Results Participants in the highest tertile of increase in 17-item erMedDiet Score showed higher upward changes in eGFR (beta: 1.87 ml/min/1.73m(2); 95% CI: 1.00-2.73) and had lower odds of >= 10% eGFR decline (OR: 0.62; 95% CI: 0.47-0.82) compared to individuals in the decrease/maintenance category, while Trichopoulou-MedDiet and DASH Scores were not associated with any renal outcomes. Those in the highest tertile of increase in Protein Diet Score had greater downward changes in eGFR (beta: - 0.87 ml/min/1.73m(2); 95% CI: - 1.73 to - 0.01) and 32% higher odds of eGFR decline (OR: 1.32; 95% CI: 1.00-1.75). Conclusions Among elderly individuals with overweight/obesity and MetS, only higher upward change in the 17-item erMedDiet score adherence was associated with better kidney function after one year. However, increasing Protein Diet Score appeared to have an adverse impact on kidney health. Trial Registration Number: ISRCTN89898870 (Data of registration: 2014).Open Access funding provided thanks to the CRUE-CSIC agreement with Springer Nature. This work was supported by the official Spanish Institutions for funding scientific biomedical research, CIBER Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y Nutricion (CIBEROBN) and Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), through the Fondo de Investigacion para la Salud (FIS), which is co-funded by the European Regional Development Fund (six coordinated FIS projects leaded by JS-S and JVi, including the following projects: PI13/00673, PI13/00492, PI13/00272, PI13/01123, PI13/00462, PI13/00233, PI13/02184, PI13/00728, PI13/01090, PI13/01056, PI14/01722, PI14/00636, PI14/00618, PI14/00696, PI14/01206, PI14/01919, PI14/00853, PI14/01374, PI14/00972, PI14/00728, PI14/01471, PI16/00473, PI16/00662, PI16/01873, PI16/01094, PI16/00501, PI16/00533, PI16/00381, PI16/00366, PI16/01522, PI16/01120, PI17/00764, PI17/01183, PI17/00855, PI17/01347, PI17/00525, PI17/01827, PI17/00532, PI17/00215, PI17/01441, PI17/00508, PI17/01732, PI17/00926, PI19/00957, PI19/00386, PI19/00309, PI19/01032, PI19/00576, PI19/00017, PI19/01226, PI19/00781, PI19/01560, PI19/01332, PI20/01802, PI20/00138, PI20/01532, PI20/00456, PI20/00339, PI20/00557, PI20/00886, PI20/01158); the Especial Action Project entitled: Implementacion y evaluacion de una intervencion intensiva sobre la actividad fisica Cohorte PREDIMED-Plus grant to JS-S; the European Research Council (Advanced Research Grant 2014-2019; agreement #340918) granted to MAMG.; the Recercaixa (number 2013ACUP00194) grant to JS-S; grants from the Consejeria de Salud de la Junta de Andalucia (PI0458/2013, PS0358/2016, PI0137/2018); the PROMETEO/2017/017 and the PROMETEO 21/2021 grant from the Generalitat Valenciana; the SEMERGEN grant; the Boosting young talent call grant program for the development of IISPV research projects 2019-2021 (Ref.: 2019/IISPV/03 grant to AD-L); the Societat Catalana d'Endocrinologia i Nutricio (SCEN) Clinical-Research Grant 2019 (IPs: JS-S and AD-L). Collaborative Nutrition and/or Obesity Project for Young Researchers 2019 supported by CIBEROBN entitled: Lifestyle Interventions and Chronic Kidney Disease: Inflammation, Oxidative Stress and Metabolomic Profile (LIKIDI study) grant to AD-L. Jordi Salas-Salvado, gratefully acknowledges the financial support by ICREA under the ICREA Academia programme. M.R.-G., is supported by the Ministry of Education of Spain (FPU17/06488). None of the funding sources took part in the design, collection, analysis, interpretation of the data, or writing the report, or in the decision to submit the manuscript for publication

Role of age and comorbidities in mortality of patients with infective endocarditis

[Purpose]: The aim of this study was to analyse the characteristics of patients with IE in three groups of age and to assess the ability of age and the Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) to predict mortality. [Methods]: Prospective cohort study of all patients with IE included in the GAMES Spanish database between 2008 and 2015.Patients were stratified into three age groups:<65 years,65 to 80 years,and ≥ 80 years.The area under the receiver-operating characteristic (AUROC) curve was calculated to quantify the diagnostic accuracy of the CCI to predict mortality risk. [Results]: A total of 3120 patients with IE (1327 < 65 years;1291 65-80 years;502 ≥ 80 years) were enrolled.Fever and heart failure were the most common presentations of IE, with no differences among age groups.Patients ≥80 years who underwent surgery were significantly lower compared with other age groups (14.3%,65 years; 20.5%,65-79 years; 31.3%,≥80 years). In-hospital mortality was lower in the <65-year group (20.3%,<65 years;30.1%,65-79 years;34.7%,≥80 years;p < 0.001) as well as 1-year mortality (3.2%, <65 years; 5.5%, 65-80 years;7.6%,≥80 years; p = 0.003).Independent predictors of mortality were age ≥ 80 years (hazard ratio [HR]:2.78;95% confidence interval [CI]:2.32–3.34), CCI ≥ 3 (HR:1.62; 95% CI:1.39–1.88),and non-performed surgery (HR:1.64;95% CI:11.16–1.58).When the three age groups were compared,the AUROC curve for CCI was significantly larger for patients aged <65 years(p < 0.001) for both in-hospital and 1-year mortality. [Conclusion]: There were no differences in the clinical presentation of IE between the groups. Age ≥ 80 years, high comorbidity (measured by CCI),and non-performance of surgery were independent predictors of mortality in patients with IE.CCI could help to identify those patients with IE and surgical indication who present a lower risk of in-hospital and 1-year mortality after surgery, especially in the <65-year group