Devotion to the souls in purgatory in Cádiz: a study of two brotherhoods

A partir de los ataques de Lutero contra la idea del purgatorio, España mantuvo con intensidad la defensa de su existencia con multitud de tratados y expresiones cultuales. Cádiz no fue una excepción en el desarrollo del culto a las ánimas del purgatorio, con diferentes hermandades nacidas para mantenerlo. Entre todas ellas destacan las elegidas para este artículo: la Esclavitud del Santísimo Sacramento y archicofradía de las Benditas Ánimas, y la Hermandad de San Nicolás de Tolentino localizada en el convento de San Agustín, cuyo estudio se acomete a continuación.Since the attack by Martin Luther against the idea of Purgatory, Spain maintained a passionate defence of its existence through several treatises and manifestations of its cult. Cádiz was not an exception in the development of the devotion to the souls in Purgatory and different brotherhoods were founded in order to keep this idea alive. In this article, we have chosen to study the two brotherhoods which stand out amongst them all: the Slavery of the Holy Sacrament and the Confraternity of the Blessed Souls and the Brotherhood of St. Nicholas of Tolentino in the San Agustin convent

The Contribution of Critical Pedagogy to Feminist Research on Sexual Violence

As a form of scientific enquiry, feminist research aims to produce knowledge that is de- centred from, as well as decentres, androcentrism. It also establishes challenges that send us back to methodology and how we produce knowledge. Feminist research on sexual violence proposes a number of methodological challenges that open new paths for exploration: integrating intersection- ality into research; reflexivity as a criterion of rigour; the development of research techniques that respect the voices and practices of women as active agents; and the role of emotions in research. In order to analyse to what degree methodological challenges are being met and what work is still to be done, we reviewed various Spanish studies (published between 2015 and early 2022) that used a feminist approach to research sexual violence. Subsequently, using illustrations from two studies we have implemented, we outlined how critical pedagogy can make an important contribution to the methodological challenges of feminist research in this field. The article proposes that a closer relationship between socio-educational praxis (critical methodology) and feminist approaches can contribute to an enrichment and improvement of scientific praxis (feminist methodology), as well as showing how knowledge production can straddle scientific concerns and social interventio

Intervención temprana de la lectura y la escritura en estudiantes españoles

The aim of this paper is to analyse the reading and writing achievement of Spanish school children following an intervention conducted at an early age. The purpose of the intervention is to prioritise and systematise instruction in the alphabetic principles, phonological awareness, reading fluency, vocabulary, and text comprehension. The sample consists of 126 subjects, distributed between an instructed group(n=62) and an uninstructed group (n=64). All the subjects were from average socio-cultural areas, with normal intelligence and with no physical, mental, and/or sensory deficits. Subjects were evaluated from the second year of Early Years Education (4 years of age) up to the first year of Primary Education (six years of age). The design was longitudinal with repeated measurements (four assessments), three intervention phases, two study variables (reading achievement and writing achievement), and two groups of subjects. Descriptive statistical analysis and repeated measures analyses of variance were performed. The results obtained indicate higher scores in reading and writing throughout all the assessments and significantly greater progress in the instructed group. These results demonstrate the effectiveness of early intervention in written language through systematic instruction in phonological awareness, the alphabetic principles, reading fluency, vocabulary, and text comprehensionEl objetivo de este trabajo es analizar el rendimiento en lectura y escritura en estudiantes españoles, tras su intervención desde edades tempranas. La finalidad de la intervención es priorizar y sistematizar la instrucción en principio alfabético, conciencia fonológica, fluidez lectoescritora, vocabulario y comprensión textual. La muestra está formada por 126 suje-os, distribuidos en grupo instruido (n=62) y grupo no instruido (n=64), pertenecientes a zonas socioculturales medias, con inteligencia normal y sin déficits físicos, psíquicos y/o sensoriales. Los sujetos son evaluados desde 2º curso de Educación Infantil(cuatro años) hasta 1º curso de Educación Primaria (seis años). El diseño es longitudinal con medidas repetidas (cuatro evaluaciones), tres fases de intervención y dos variables de estudio (Rendimiento en Lectura y Rendimiento en Escritura) y dos grupos de su-jetos. Se realizan análisis estadísticos descriptivos y análisis de varianza de medidas repetidas. Los resultados obtenidos indican mejores puntuaciones en lectura y escritura a lo largo de todas las evaluaciones y un avance significativamente mayor en el grupo instruido. Estos resultados demuestran la eficacia de una intervención temprana del lenguaje escrito a través de la instrucción sistemática en conciencia fonológica, principio alfabético, fluidez lectoescritora, vocabulario y comprensión textua

Determinantes del tipo impositivo efectivo en el sector turístico: un modelo dinámico con datos de panel

This paper presents a dynamic model of the Effective Tax Rate (ETR) in the tourism sector. A dynamic model where the lagged endogenous variable ETR has been included as a regressor to identify the dynamic structure of the variable due to the existence of temporal adjustments between the short and long run in ETR payments has been estimated. The empirical analysis based on a panel data set over the 2008-2013 period explores the determinants of the ETR variable by using a Generalised Method of Moments (GMM) estimator controlling for heterogeneity in the tourism sector. The Arellano-Bond system GMM estimator has been used to estimate the model. The study seeks to shed light on the determinants of tax burden in the tourism sector covering the lack of studies on this topic. The findings obtained suggest that the ETR borne is determined by size, financing structure and type of entity. We deem the finding of the existence of non-linear relationships between ETR and size and financing structure relevant.Este artículo presenta un modelo dinámico para el Tipo Impositivo Efectivo (TIE) en el sector turístico. Este modelo dinámico ha sido estimado usando la variable endógena retardada TIE como regresor para identificar la estructura dinámica de dicha variable, debido a la existencia de ajustes entre el corto y largo plazo en los pagos del TIE. El análisis empírico basado en datos de panel en el periodo 2008-2013 explora los determinantes de la variable TIE utilizándose el estimador del Método Generalizado de Momentos (GMM) controlando la heterogeneidad en el sector turístico. El estimador de Arellano-Bond ha sido utilizado para estimar el modelo. Este estudio busca arrojar luz sobre los determinantes de las cargas impositivas en el sector turístico debido a la escasez de estudios en esta materia. Los resultados obtenidos sugieren que el TIE se encuentra determinado por el tamaño, la estructura financiera y el tipo de empresa. Igualmente consideramos relevante el hallazgo de relaciones no lineales entre el TIE y el tamaño y la estructura de financiación

Naturally Graded 2-Filiform Leibniz Algebras

The Leibniz algebras appear as a generalization of the Lie algebras [8]. The classification of naturally graded p-filiform Lie algebras is known [3], [4], [5], [9]. In this work we deal with the classification of 2-filiform Leibniz algebras. The study of p-filiform Leibniz non Lie algebras is solved for p = 0 (trivial) and p = 1 [1]. In this work we get the classification of naturally graded non Lie 2-filiform Leibniz algebras

Broadband transverse susceptibility in multiferroic Y-type hexaferrite Ba0.5Sr1.5Zn2Fe12O22

Producción CientíficaNoncollinear spin systems with magnetically induced ferroelectricity from changes in spiral magnetic ordering have attracted significant interest in recent research due to their remarkable magnetoelectric effects with promising applications. Single phase multiferroics are of great interest for these new multifunctional devices, being Y-type hexaferrites good candidates, and among them the ZnY compounds due to their ordered magnetic behaviour over room temperature. Polycrystalline Y type hexaferrites with composition Ba0.5Sr1.5Zn2Fe2O22 (BSZFO) were sintered in 1050 °C–1250 °C temperature range. Transverse susceptibility measurements carried out on these BSZFO samples in the temperature range 80–350 K with DC fields up to ± 5000 Oe reveal different behaviour depending on the sintering temperature. Sample sintered at 1250 °C is qualitatively different, suggesting a mixed Y and Z phase like CoY hexaferrites. Sintering at lower temperatures produce single phase Y-type, but the transverse susceptibility behaviour of the sample sintered at 1150 °C is shifted at temperatures 15 K higher. Regarding the DC field sweeps the observed behaviour is a peak that shifts to lower values with increasing temperature, and the samples corresponding to single Y phase exhibit several maxima and minima in the 250 K–330 K range at low DC applied field as a result of the magnetic field induced spin transitions in this compound.Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades; Agencia Estatal de Investigación with FEDER (MAT2016-80784-P

Los "Annales Barcinonenses" (ca. 1311) del códice Pais, Bibliothèque Nationale de France, lat. 4671A: edición y estudio

In a 1952 study, Coll Alentom posited the existence of two chronicles . belonging to the family of the annales Barcinonenses which he respectively called Chronicon Barcinonense I and Chronicon Barcinonense II. According to this Catalonian scholar, these two works would have been composed in Barcelona in or around 1323, during the reign of James II of Aragon. However, a close analysis of early editions of these two works shows that both are in fact one and the same text, originally encoded in the manuscript Paris, Bibliothèque Nationale de France, lat. 4671A, and that the differences between the edited versions are due to different methods used by the editors. This article also provides the first critical edition of this work, which for lack of a better title I call Annales Barcinonenses anni 1311.En un trabajo de 1952 Coll Alentom estableció la existencia de dos cronicones pertenecientes a la familia de los annales Barcinonenses que denominó Chronicon Barcinonense I y Chronicon Barcinonense II. Según el sabio catalán, estas dos obras habrían sido compuestas en Barcelona hacia 1323 en tiempos de Jaime II de Aragón. Sin embargo, el estudio de las ediciones antiguas de estos dos opúsculos pone de manifiesto que se trata, en realidad, del mismo texto, transmitido por el manuscrito Paris, Bibliothèque Nationale de France, lat. 4671 A, y que las diferencias entre las versiones editadas se deben a los diferentes criterios seguidos por los editores. En este artículo se ofrece asimismo la primera edición verdaderamente crítica de esta obra, que a falta de un título mejor será denominada Annales Barcinonenses anni 1311

Semantics for incident identification and resolution reports

In order to achieve a safe and systematic treatment of security protocols, organizations release a number of technical briefings describing how to detect and manage security incidents. A critical issue is that this document set may suffer from semantic deficiencies, mainly due to ambiguity or different granularity levels of description and analysis. An approach to face this problem is the use of semantic methodologies in order to provide better Knowledge Externalization from incident protocols management. In this article, we propose a method based on semantic techniques for both, analyzing and specifying (meta)security requirements on protocols used for solving security incidents. This would allow specialist getting better documentation on their intangible knowledge about them.Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad TIN2013-41086-