Comment to "Impact of Daylight Saving Time in Circadian Timing System: an expert statement"

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Determinants of tourism destination competitiveness in the countries most visited by international tourists: Proposal of a synthetic index

Tourism destination competitiveness is a multidimensional concept that is widely studied in the academic literature, but multiple factors make its measurement a difficult task. In this article, we design a synthetic index to rank the 80 countries that attract the majority of international tourists by level of tourism competitiveness. In order to do this, we use all of the simple variables included in the 2017 Travel & Tourism Competitiveness Index, proposing a new methodology for the construction of this synthetic index, which it solves the problems of aggregation of variables expressed in different measures, arbitrary weighting and duplicity of information; issues that remain unresolved by the TTCI. Likewise, we analyse the most influential dimensions in tourism competitiveness. Air transport infrastructures, cultural resources and ICT readiness are the key dimensions that explain the main disparities.Funding Agency Spanish Ministry of Economy, Industry and Competitiveness State Research Agency (SRA) European Union (EU) ECO2017-86822-Rinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Qualitative analysis on the driving force behind upcycling practices associated with mobile applications: Circular economy perspective

Funding for open access charge: Universidad de Granada/CBUAUpcycling is a type of practice included within the circular economy. Although interest in this type of activity has grown in recent years, academic analysis of the drivers that impel these activities is poorly developed. This work focuses on upcycling activities developed in the context of rural tourism. Through field work based on structured interviews applied in the region of Andalusia (Spain), evidence was sought about the drivers that promote this type of practice. In particular, attention was paid to the role of mobile applications as facilitators of upcycling. The main finding was that technology helps in using upcycling practices when considering rural tourism, as demonstrated by the use of mobile applications and websites such as Wallapop. There was also evidence of the different factors that drive the development of upcycling practices: the existence of a traditional social network as a means of obtaining second-hand items, technology as an element that facilitates access to items owned by strangers, the need to offer the image sought by tourists, and a desire to maintain the cultural essence of the region.Universidad de Granada/CBU

Validity and Reliability of an Inertial Device for Measuring Dynamic Weight-Bearing Ankle Dorsiflexion

A decrease in ankle dorsiflexion causes changes in biomechanics, and different instruments have been used for ankle dorsiflexion testing under static conditions. Consequently, the industry of inertial sensors has developed easy-to-use devices, which measure dynamic ankle dorsiflexion and provide additional parameters such as velocity, acceleration, or movement deviation. Therefore, the aims of this study were to analyze the concurrent validity and test-retest reliability of an inertial device for measuring dynamic weight-bearing ankle dorsiflexion. Sixteen participants were tested using an inertial device (WIMU) and a digital inclinometer. Ankle dorsiflexion from left and right ankle repetitions was used for validity analysis, whereas test-retest reliability was analyzed by comparing measurements from the first and second days. The standard error of the measurement (SEM) between the instruments was very low for both ankle measurements (SEM 0.05) even though a significant systematic bias (~1.77°) was found for the right ankle (d = 0.79). R2 was very close to 1 in the left and right ankles (R2 = 0.85–0.89) as well as the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC > 0.95). Test-retest reliability analysis showed that systematic bias was below 1° for both instruments, even though a systematic bias (~1.50°) with small effect size was found in the right ankle (d = 0.49) with WIMU. The ICC was very close to 1 and the coefficient of variation (CV) was lower than 4% in both instruments. Thus, WIMU is a valid and reliable inertial device for measuring dynamic weight-bearing ankle dorsiflexion

Analysis of the role of innovation and efficiency in coastal destinations affected by tourism seasonality

This research analyses the relationship between efficiency, innovation and seasonality of the Spanish coasts for a five-year period (2015−2019). First of all, the nexus between the level of efficiency and changes in productivity, driven by improvements in innovation and/or efficiency, is determined using Data Envelopment Analysis and the Malmquist Index. Second, this paper proposes a synthetic index to measure seasonality and assess its connection with efficiency and innovation, using a cross efficiency approach to do so. Results show how the intensity of seasonality influences efficiency. In addition, it is observed that innovation can offset possible decreases in efficiency; as such, policies that promote both aspects are needed in the more seasonal destinations

Digitalization, innovation and environmental policies aimed at achieving sustainable production

Funding for open access charge: CRUE-Universitat Politecnica de Valencia.Humanity is running out of time to curb climate change, and its effects are becoming ever more intense and harmful to humankind. A change in habits and production methods is required in order to slow the advance of this scourge. This research seeks to provide quantitative information on the nexus between digitalization and sustainable production (SP). The analysis focuses exclusively on the 27 EU member states (2015–2019), all of which are characterized by a proactive stance towards environmental degradation. First, a synthetic index is constructed using cross-efficiency, in order to assess Europe's position in terms of SP. This index is then taken as the dependent variable in an estimation of the effects of the different aspects of digitalization measured in the Digital Economy and Society Index, as well as the environmental and innovation policies adopted in the EU. The generalized method of moments is used to examine the effect of the trend in SP. Results reveal that the level of income per capita does not determine SP and that it is more amatter of society's commitment to implementing practices that foster SP. Furthermore, the evidence found indicates that Europe has not yet been able to break the negative link between GDP and sustainability, despite the positive impact of all facets of digitalization, innovation and environmental policies.CRUE-Universitat Politecnica de Valenci

Consumo público e inflación dual

El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar los efectos de la política fiscal sobre producción, empleo y precios relativos en una economía formada por dos sectores productivos: uno de bienes comerciables (competitivo) y otro de bienes no comerciables (monopolio). El análisis de los efectos de la política fiscal se efectúa bajo dos escenarios diferentes. En uno de ellos, el sector monopolista no considera el nivel de gasto público en la determinación del precio, mientras que en el otro sí lo considera

Los españoles no viven con un jet-lag permanente

La idea de que la hora de Berlín ha perjudicado la vida en España ha hecho fortuna en los últimos años, sin embargo, la comparación correcta de nuestras actividades diarias y las europeas muestra patrones coincidente

El fomento ilustrado. Un ejemplo significativo: el Canal de Castilla

El Canal de Castilla es la obra de ingeniería hidráulica más importante y de mayor envergadura que se llevó a cabo en España durante la Época Moderna. A través del desarrollo de la historia del Canal se analizará la repercusión económica de la región castellana y su importancia tanto a nivel cultural como patrimonial. El Canal representaría la vía fluvial de comunicación entre Castilla y el mar del norte para transportar los excedentes de cereales a otros países y al propio, siendo años de gran esplendor. La repercusión del ferrocarril hizo que el Canal perdiera importancia, lo que derivó en su futuro cierre. Actualmente sus principales usos son el regadío y el turismo.Grado en Administración y Dirección de Empresa

La ilustración de los escritos teresianos: grabados de las primeras ediciones

Con respecto a la centuria precedente, el libro del siglo XVII fue ilustrado con menor asiduidad y profusión. Sin embargo, lejos de restar interés al tema, esta escasez pone de relieve aquellas obras que contenían imágenes, así como su significado, la función que cumplían dentro del libro, su relación con el texto, su mérito técnico, su valor artístico y, por supuesto, la prestancia de la obra, de su autor y de su patrocinador. A este grupo escogido pertenecen algunas de las primeras ediciones de las obras escritas por y sobre Santa Teresa de Jesús, libros que no sólo contienen estampas, sino que éstas son en buena medida calcográficas y, desde un punto de vista iconográfico, representativas del libro ilustrado barroco.Seventeenth-century books were not illustrated with such assiduity and in such numbers as in the previous century. However, their scarcity, far from reducing our interest in the subject, highlights those works which contained images, as well as their significance, the function which they fulfilled within the book, their relationship with the text, their technical worth, their artistic value and, of course, the excellence of the work, their author and their commissioner. Some of the first editions of the works written by and about Saint Teresa of Ávila, belong to this chosen group, books which not only contain illustrations but which are also, to a large extent, calcographical and, from an iconographical point of view, representative of illustrated Baroque books