L’Escola Superior d’Art Dramàtic de les Illes Balears (ESADIB): passat, present i reptes de futur

Aquest treball vol estudiar la situació actual de l’Escola Superior d’Art Dramàtic de les Illes Balears (ESADIB) en el marc dels ensenyaments artístics superiors de la Comunitat Autònoma. Per dur a terme aquest propòsit, analitzarem el passat del centre, el eixos programàtics que desenvolupa en el present com a escola superior de formació i recerca en arts escèniques i presentarem els reptes de futur que l’ESADIB ha d’assolir per integrar-se plenament dins l’Espai Europeu de l’Educació Superior (EEES).Este trabajo pretende estudiar la situación actual de la Escuela Superior de Arte Dramático de las Islas Baleares (ESADIB) en el marco de las enseñanzas artísticas superiores de la Comunidad Autónoma. Para llevar a cabo este propósito, analizaremos el pasado del centro, los ejes programáticos que está desarrollando en el presente como escuela superior de formación e investigación en el campo de las artes escénicas y presentaremos los retos de futuro que la ESADIB tiene que conseguir para integrarse plenamente en el Espacio Europeo de la Educación Superior (EEES)

Differential Evolution for Many-Particle Adaptive Quantum Metrology

We devise powerful algorithms based on differential evolution for adaptive many-particle quantum metrology. Our new approach delivers adaptive quantum metrology policies for feedback control that are orders-of-magnitude more efficient and surpass the few-dozen-particle limitation arising in methods based on particle-swarm optimization. We apply our method to the binary-decision-tree model for quantum-enhanced phase estimation as well as to a new problem: a decision tree for adaptive estimation of the unknown bias of a quantum coin in a quantum walk and show how this latter case can be realized experimentally.Comment: Fig. 2(a) is the cover of Physical Review Letters Vol. 110 Issue 2

The low-mass diskless population of Corona Australis

We combine published optical and near-infrared photometry to identify new low-mass candidate members in an area of about 0.64 deg^2 in Corona Australis with the S-parameter method. Five new candidate members of the region are selected. They have estimated ages between 3 and 15 Myr and masses between 0.05 and 0.15 M_⊙. With Spitzer photometry we confirm that these objects are not surrounded by optically thick disks. However, one of them is found to display excess at 24 μm, thus suggesting it harbors a disk with an inner hole. With an estimated mass of 0.07 M_⊙ according to the SED fitting, this is one of the lowest-mass objects reported to possess a transitional disk. Including these new members, the fraction of disks is about 50% among the total Corona Australis population selected by the same criteria, lower than the 70% fraction reported earlier for this region. Even so, we find a ratio of transitional to primordial disks (45%) very similar to the value derived by previous authors. This ratio is higher than for solar-type stars (5–10%), suggesting that disk evolution is faster in the latter, and/or that the “transitional disk” stage is not such a short-lived step for very low-mass objects. However, this impression needs to be confirmed with better statistics

STRUCTURE ANALYSIS AND BIOMASS MODELS FOR PLUM TREE (PRUNUS DOMESTICA L.) IN ECUADOR

The development of dendrometric methodologies could allow accurate estimation of variables associated with the crown, such as primary production (fruit and timber) and tree vigor. The aim of this work was to develop a suitable method to estimate woody biomass in plum trees (Prunus domestica L.) in Imbabura, Ecuador by using an adapted dendrometry. Form factors and regression models were defined for branch volume calculation. From this, the distribution of woody biomass in the crown tree was characterized in every stratum. Occupation Factor and regression models were obtained in order to calculate the biomass in the crown tree, which can be used to estimate the CO2 captured in its structure during its development. Regression models for calculation of whole volume of the tree and pruned biomass were directly obtained from crown diameter and crown height with Rajustated 2 of 0.74 and 0.81. The average moisture content of green material was 51%, and the average density of dry material was 0.66 ± 0.07 g cm−3. Proximate analysis of plum wood showed at 79.8 ± 9.2% volatiles and 2.1 ± 0.3% ash. Elemental analysis of the wood pointed to 46.5 ± 1.2% C, 6.1 ± 0.5% H, 46.3 ± 1.2% O, 0.6 ± 0.3% N, 0.06 ± 0.02% S and 0.02 ± 0.01% Cl. Cl, S and N contents are lower than the limits established by the standard EN 14691-part 4.With 46% of C, considering the relation 3.67 (44/12) between CO2 and C content, the CO2 sequestrated in the materials is 1.11 Mg m−3 wood material. Such method represents a tool to manage orchard resources and for assessing other parameters, such as raw materials for cultivation, fruit production, CO2 sink and waste materials (residual wood) used for energy or industry.The authors appreciate the financial support provided by the ECUMASA, Red ecuatoriana para la investigacion del aprovechamiento energetico de la biomasa.Velázquez Martí, B.; Cazco-Logroño, C. (2017). STRUCTURE ANALYSIS AND BIOMASS MODELS FOR PLUM TREE (PRUNUS DOMESTICA L.) IN ECUADOR. Experimental Agriculture. 54(1):133-141. https://doi.org/10.1017/S001447971600079XS133141541Velázquez-Martí, B., Estornell, J., López-Cortés, I., & Martí-Gavilá, J. (2012). Calculation of biomass volume of citrus trees from an adapted dendrometry. Biosystems Engineering, 112(4), 285-292. doi:10.1016/j.biosystemseng.2012.04.011Velázquez-Martí, B., Fernández-González, E., López-Cortés, I., & Salazar-Hernández, D. M. (2011). Quantification of the residual biomass obtained from pruning of vineyards in Mediterranean area. Biomass and Bioenergy, 35(8), 3453-3464. doi:10.1016/j.biombioe.2011.04.009Velázquez-Martí, B., Fernández-González, E., López-Cortés, I., & Salazar-Hernández, D. M. (2011). Quantification of the residual biomass obtained from pruning of trees in Mediterranean olive groves. Biomass and Bioenergy, 35(7), 3208-3217. doi:10.1016/j.biombioe.2011.04.042B. Velazquez-Marti, & E. Annevelink. (2009). GIS Application to Define Biomass Collection Points as Sources for Linear Programming of Delivery Networks. Transactions of the ASABE, 52(4), 1069-1078. doi:10.13031/2013.27776Sajdak, M., & Velazquez-Marti, B. (2012). Estimation of pruned biomass form dendrometric parameters on urban forests: Case study of Sophora japonica. Renewable Energy, 47, 188-193. doi:10.1016/j.renene.2012.04.002Pérez-Arévalo, J. J., Callejón-Ferre, A. J., Velázquez-Martí, B., & Suárez-Medina, M. D. (2015). Prediction models based on higher heating value from the elemental analysis of neem, mango, avocado, banana, and carob trees in Guayas (Ecuador). Journal of Renewable and Sustainable Energy, 7(5), 053122. doi:10.1063/1.4934593Maltamo, M. (2004). Estimation of timber volume and stem density based on scanning laser altimetry and expected tree size distribution functions. Remote Sensing of Environment, 90(3), 319-330. doi:10.1016/j.rse.2004.01.006García-Tejero, I. F., Durán-Zuazo, V. H., Arriaga, J., & Muriel-Fernández, J. L. (2012). Relationships between trunk- and fruit-diameter growths under deficit-irrigation programmes in orange trees. Scientia Horticulturae, 133, 64-71. doi:10.1016/j.scienta.2011.10.022Estornell, J., Velázquez-Martí, B., López-Cortés, I., Salazar, D., & Fernández-Sarría, A. (2014). Estimation of wood volume and height of olive tree plantations using airborne discrete-return LiDAR data. GIScience & Remote Sensing, 51(1), 17-29. doi:10.1080/15481603.2014.883209EN 14691-part 4 (2009). Solid biofuels – Fuel Specifications and classes – Wood chips for non-industrial use. 10p.Doruska, P. F., & Burkhart, H. E. (1994). Modeling the diameter and locational distribution of branches within the crowns of loblolly pine trees in unthinned plantations. Canadian Journal of Forest Research, 24(12), 2362-2376. doi:10.1139/x94-305Deckmyn, G., Evans, S. P., & Randle, T. J. (2006). Refined pipe theory for mechanistic modeling of wood development. Tree Physiology, 26(6), 703-717. doi:10.1093/treephys/26.6.703Bessou, C., Basset-Mens, C., Tran, T., & Benoist, A. (2012). LCA applied to perennial cropping systems: a review focused on the farm stage. The International Journal of Life Cycle Assessment, 18(2), 340-361. doi:10.1007/s11367-012-0502-zAndersen, H.-E., Reutebuch, S. E., & McGaughey, R. J. (2006). A rigorous assessment of tree height measurements obtained using airborne lidar and conventional field methods. Canadian Journal of Remote Sensing, 32(5), 355-366. doi:10.5589/m06-030Olson, M. E., & Rosell, J. A. (2012). Vessel diameter-stem diameter scaling across woody angiosperms and the ecological causes of xylem vessel diameter variation. New Phytologist, 197(4), 1204-1213. doi:10.1111/nph.12097Gracia, C., Velázquez-Martí, B., & Estornell, J. (2014). An application of the vehicle routing problem to biomass transportation. Biosystems Engineering, 124, 40-52. doi:10.1016/j.biosystemseng.2014.06.00

Methane Production from Slaughterhouse Waste and Wheat Straw: Influence of Concentration

The indiscriminate generation of slaughterhouse waste and agricultural waste can present pollution problems in the environment. An alternative to counteract these problems is the anaerobic digestion of waste through the production of biogas and methane as clean and renewable energy. In this sense, this study aimed to optimize methane production from anaerobic codigestion of slaughterhouse waste from cattle and wheat straw. The treatments were evaluated using anaerobic sludge as inoculum from the wastewater treatment plant of the city of Ibarra. The tests were carried out under mesophilic conditions (38°C) in digesters with a useful volume of 186 ml. The influence of the substrate concentration was evaluated by anaerobically digesting 45 samples at different concentrations (5, 10 and 15 g VS/l) with a substrate/inoculum ratio of 1:2. The highest accumulated methane yield occurred in the digesters composed of 15 g VS/l. The maximum methane production was 320.48 Nml/g VS. The kinetics of the tests were adjusted with the cone model, where there were correlations greater than 99%. Keywords: biogas, methane, codigestion, synergy, inoculum, kinetics. Resumen La generación indiscriminada de residuos de matadero y desechos agrícolas pueden presentar problemas de contaminación en el medio ambiente. Una alternativa para contrarrestar estos problemas es la digestión anaeróbica de los desechos mediante la produción de biogás y metano como energía limpia y renovable. En este sentido el objetivo de este estudio es la optimización de la producción de metano a partir de la codigestión anaeróbica de residuos de matadero de ganado vacuno y paja de trigo. Los tratamientos se evaluaron empleando como inóculo lodo anaerobio de la planta de tratamiento de aguas residuales de la ciudad de Ibarra. Los ensayos se realizaron en condiciones mesofílicas (38°C) en digestores de 186 ml de volumen útil. La influencia de la concentración del sustrato se evaluó digiriendo anaeróbicamente 45 muestras a diferentes concentraciones (5, 10 y 15 g SV/l) con una relación sustrato/inóculo de 1:2. El mayor rendimiento acumulado de metano se produjo en los digestores compuestos por 15 g SV/l. La producción máxima de metano fue de 320,48 Nml/g SV. La cinética de los ensayos se ajustó con el modelo del cono, donde se tuvo correlaciones superiores al 99%. Palabras Clave: biogás, metano, codigestión, sinergia, inóculo, cinética

Experimental demonstration of a graph state quantum error-correction code

Scalable quantum computing and communication requires the protection of quantum information from the detrimental effects of decoherence and noise. Previous work tackling this problem has relied on the original circuit model for quantum computing. However, recently a family of entangled resources known as graph states has emerged as a versatile alternative for protecting quantum information. Depending on the graph's structure, errors can be detected and corrected in an efficient way using measurement-based techniques. In this article we report an experimental demonstration of error correction using a graph state code. We have used an all-optical setup to encode quantum information into photons representing a four-qubit graph state. We are able to reliably detect errors and correct against qubit loss. The graph we have realized is setup independent, thus it could be employed in other physical settings. Our results show that graph state codes are a promising approach for achieving scalable quantum information processing

Three-dimensional particle tracking via tunable color-encoded multiplexing.

We present a novel 3D tracking approach capable of locating single particles with nanometric precision over wide axial ranges. Our method uses a fast acousto-optic liquid lens implemented in a bright field microscope to multiplex light based on color into different and selectable focal planes. By separating the red, green, and blue channels from an image captured with a color camera, information from up to three focal planes can be retrieved. Multiplane information from the particle diffraction rings enables precisely locating and tracking individual objects up to an axial range about 5 times larger than conventional single-plane approaches. We apply our method to the 3D visualization of the well-known coffee-stain phenomenon in evaporating water droplets

Variable optical elements for fast focus control

In this Review, we survey recent developments in the emerging field of high-speed variable-z-focus optical elements, which are driving important innovations in advanced imaging and materials processing applications. Three-dimensional biomedical imaging, high-throughput industrial inspection, advanced spectroscopies, and other optical characterization and materials modification methods have made great strides forward in recent years due to precise and rapid axial control of light. Three state-of-the-art key optical technologies that enable fast z-focus modulation are reviewed, along with a discussion of the implications of the new developments in variable optical elements and their impact on technologically relevant applications

Relativistic Jets from Collapsars

We have studied the relativistic beamed outflow proposed to occur in the collapsar model of gamma-ray bursts. A jet forms as a consequence of an assumed energy deposition of $\sim 10^{50}- 10^{51}$ erg/s within a $30^{\circ}$ cone around the rotation axis of the progenitor star. The generated jet flow is strongly beamed (\la few degrees) and reaches the surface of the stellar progenitor (r $\approx 3 10^{10}$cm) intact. At break-out the maximum Lorentz factor of the jet flow is about 33. Simulations have been performed with the GENESIS multi-dimensional relativistic hydrodynamic code.Comment: 6 pages, 2 figures, to appear in the proceedings of the conference "Godunov methods: theory and applications", Oxford, October 199