AGRONOMIC EFFICIENCY OF FERTILIZERS BASED ON HUMUS, ROCK POWDER, AND MINERALS ON SOYBEAN YIELD IN PARAGUAY-PY

Soybean is the most commercially cultivated crop in Paraguay, and obtaining high yields requires the application of large amounts of fertilizers, raising the cost of production. Developing strategies for the efficient use of applied nutrients is necessary. Therefore, the study aimed to evaluate the agronomic efficiency of combinations of mineral fertilizers with organic matter and rock powder in the development, nutrition, and yield of soybean. The experiment was carried out in Hernandarias, Paraguay, in the 2016-2017 harvest. The different fertilizers influenced the absorption of Zn, Mg and K, and grain yield. Among the treatments, the highlight was the agronomic efficiency index obtained by the replacement of 30% of mineral fertilizer by humus, presenting grain yield of 3219, 67 kg ha-1. However, it was equal to the mixing 30% of humus + rock powder with 70% of NPK formulation 04:40:10 with grain yield of 3206.50 kg ha-1, and the mixing 20% of humus + rock powder with 80% of NPK formulation 04:40:10 with grain yield of 3165.17 kg ha-1. Thus, it is recommended to use rock powder and humus in soybean production in Paraguay, especially in Latossolos (Oxisols) that have little organic matter and low CTC

Acinetobacter baumannii and Its relationship to carbapenem resistance : a meta-analysis

Infections by antibiotic-resistant bacteria are a significant and complex global health issue. In this context, Acinetobacter baumannii is particularly important because of its ability to withstand treatments by β-lactams, such as carbapenem. The objective of this work was to investigate, through systematic analysis and meta-analysis, the chance of resistance to carbapenem in A. baumannii strains. For this, a search was conducted for the PubMed and Cochrane databases based on the keywords: “Acinetobacter baumannii” AND “beta-lactam” OR “penicillin” OR “cephalosporin” OR “cephamycin” OR “carbapenem” OR “monobactam”. The initial search resulted in a total of 90,475 articles. It was filtered based on eligibility criteria, and eight articles were selected for analysis. An odds ratio value equivalent to 3.55 was obtained, indicating a high chance of resistance to the carbapenem of strains of the species. Therefore, it is supposed that A. baumannii infection cases have a high probability of not responding adequately to treatments based on carbapenem.Instituto de BiotecnologíaFil: Rodrigues, Diego Lucas Neres. Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais. Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Genetics; BrasilFil: Rodrigues da Costa, Francielly Morais. Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais. Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Genetics; BrasilFil: Marques Da Silva, Wanderson. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Instituto de Agrobiotecnología y Biología Molecular; ArgentinaFil: Marques Da Silva, Wanderson. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Aburjaile, Flavia. Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais. Veterinary School. Preventive Veterinary Medicine Department; BrasilFil: Azevedo, Vasco. Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais. Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Genetics; Brasi

The Role of Glucose in the Pathology of EHEC O157: H7

The pathogen enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) O157: H7 is responsible for hemorrhagic colitis and hemolytic uremic syndrome in humans [1]. During the colonization process in the gastrointestinal tract, EHEC needs to adapt to changes in nutrient availability [2]. The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of glucose on physiology and processes involved in the pathogenesis of EHEC O157: H7 in order to improve our understanding of the mechanisms controlling EHEC growth and survival in the bovine gut.Fil: Marques Da Silva, Wanderson. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Centro de Investigación En Ciencias Veterinarias y Agronómicas. Instituto de Agrobiotecnología y Biología Molecular. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Instituto de Agrobiotecnología y Biología Molecular; ArgentinaFil: Taibo, Catalina Beatriz. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria; ArgentinaFil: Sabio y Garcia, Julia Veronica. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Centro de Investigación En Ciencias Veterinarias y Agronómicas. Instituto de Agrobiotecnología y Biología Molecular. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Instituto de Agrobiotecnología y Biología Molecular; ArgentinaFil: Larzabal, Mariano. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Centro de Investigación En Ciencias Veterinarias y Agronómicas. Instituto de Agrobiotecnología y Biología Molecular. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Instituto de Agrobiotecnología y Biología Molecular; ArgentinaFil: Cataldi, Angel Adrian. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Centro de Investigación En Ciencias Veterinarias y Agronómicas. Instituto de Agrobiotecnología y Biología Molecular. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Instituto de Agrobiotecnología y Biología Molecular; Argentin

Theoretical/practical teaching in nursing graduation for mental health / Ensino teórico/prático na graduação em enfermagem para atuação em saúde mental

Objetivo: analisar o ensino teórico/prático em Saúde Mental e Psiquiatria recebido durante a graduação em enfermagem. Método: estudo quantitativo, desenvolvido com 44 enfermeiros de uma Rede de Atenção Psicossocial do Município de São Paulo por meio de questionário validado. Resultados: 72,7% dos enfermeiros se sentem despreparados para lidar com Saúde Mental pela primeira vez, 68,2% consideram que o conteúdo foi pouco explorado e 84,1% tem interesse em fazer cursos na área. Conclusão: há dualidade no ensino teórico/prático ofertado pelas instituições de ensino superior, configurando a necessidade de que a formação seja revista para que enfermeiros generalistas consigam atender as demandas de Saúde Mental nos diversos campos de atuação profissional de acordo com o paradigma da Reforma Psiquiátrica e dos pressupostos da Reabilitação Psicossocial.

Modelagem hidrológica da Bacia Hidrográfica do Rio Pirapama-PE utilizando o modelo SWAT

Os estudos hidrológicos em bacias hidrográficas partem da necessidade de se entender o funcionamento do balanço hídrico e os processos que controlam o movimento da água, assim como os impactos das mudanças do uso do solo sobre a quantidade e qualidade da água. Pesquisas relacionadas ao entendimento dos processos hidrológicos por meio da utilização de modelos de predição chuva-vazão são de grande importância para a gestão e planejamento dos recursos hídricos. Nessa perspectiva, o objetivo desse estudo foi realizar e analisar a modelagem hidrológica por meio do modelo SWAT na Bacia Hidrográfica do Rio Pirapama-PE, buscando resultados relacionados aos processos hidrológicos, visto a necessidade de informações para a referida bacia, que tem extrema importância para o abastecimento da Região Metropolitana do Recife. Considerando a modelagem hidrológica inicial foram utilizados dados meteorológicos do período de 2000 a 2006, mapa de uso e ocupação do solo obtido a partir de duas imagens do satélite Landsat 5-TM (2005 e 2007), mapa digital de elevação de 30m (site da USGS-NASA) e o mapa dos tipos de solo da bacia obtido por meio do ZAPE (Zoneamento Agroecológico de Pernambuco). A precipitação média anual da bacia foi igual a 1891,94 mm, a média da vazão observada foi de 7,19 m³.s-1 e a simulada 5,73 m³.s-1. O modelo subestimou os dados de vazão quando comparado aos dados observados, sobretudo nos picos mais elevados da vazão, como em meados dos anos 2000, 2002, 2004 e 2006, onde a subestimativa foi mais significativa. Estudos futuros podem vir a melhorar a simulação após a aplicação do processo de calibração e validação do modelo na Bacia do Rio Pirapama. Após a calibração e validação o modelo pode ser usado para cenários de previsão de impactos de mudanças climáticas e de alterações de uso do solo

PARASITOS GASTROINTESTINAIS ENCONTRADOS EM OVINOS NO MUNICÍPIO DE ARAGUATINS-TO

ABSTRACT: The objective was to register the nematode parasite load and the presense of eimeria spp. in ovines on the region of Araguatins Tocantins. The samples were taken from thirty animals, that belongs to Refugio Lobez Farm. The reseach was realized in February two thousan eleven. The fecal samples were taken from males and females with a six months or higher age, on the rainy period (February), being processed by the EPG method (eggs per gram of feces), using the technique of McMaster. From the samples examined, 30 (100%) was positive to helminths and 26 (86,67%) had Eimeria oocysts. Eggs from Strongyloidea, Moniezia sp. and Eimeria spp. oocysts. The animals presented themselves parasited in a considerable level on the rainy period, being most evidenced on the young males. The recommendation was to adopt a strategic period worming on ram and sheeps before the reproduction season, sheeps on the last two weeks of pregnancy, sheeps at the beginning of the lactation and lambs and sheeps at the weaning. KEY-WORDS: McMaster, EPG, Strongyloidea.RESUMO: Objetivou-se registrar a carga parasitária de nematóides e verificar a presença de Eimeria spp. em ovinos da região de Araguatins, Tocantins. Foram amostrados 30 animais, pertencentes a fazenda Refugio Lobez. A pesquisa foi realizada no período de fevereiro de 2011. Com amostras fecais de machos e fêmeas com idade superior a seis meses, no período chuvoso (fevereiro), sendo processadas pelos métodos de OPG (ovos por grama de fezes), que utilizou a técnica de McMaster. Das amostras dos ovinos examinadas, 30 (100%) estavam positivas para ovos de helmintos e 26 (86,67%) continham oocistos do gênero Eimeria. Foram observados ovos do tipo Strongyloidea, Moniezia sp. e oocistos de Eimeria spp.. Os animais apresentaram-se parasitados em um nível considerável no período chuvoso, sendo mais evidenciado nos machos jovens. Como medidas de tratamento e controle, foi recomendado que fosse adotado um período estratégico de vermifugação em carneiros e ovelhas antes da estação reprodutiva, ovelhas nas últimas duas semanas de gestação, ovelhas no início da lactação e cordeiros e ovelhas no desmame. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: McMaster, OPG, Strongyloidea

Genomic analysis of shiga toxin-containing Escherichia coli O157:H7 isolated from Argentinean cattle

Cattle are the main reservoir of Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC), with O157:H7 the distinctive serotype. EHEC is the main causative agent of a severe systemic disease, Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome (HUS). Argentina has the highest pediatric HUS incidence worldwide with 12–14 cases per 100,000 children. Herein, we assessed the genomes of EHEC O157:H7 isolates recovered from cattle in the humid Pampas of Argentina. According to phylogenetic studies, EHEC O157 can be divided into clades. Clade 8 strains that were classified as hypervirulent. Most of the strains of this clade have a Shiga toxin stx2a-stx2c genotype. To better understand the molecular bases related to virulence, pathogenicity and evolution of EHEC O157:H7, we performed a comparative genomic analysis of these isolates through whole genome sequencing. The isolates classified as clade 8 (four strains) and clade 6 (four strains) contained 13 to 16 lambdoid prophages per genome, and the observed variability of prophages was analysed. An inter strain comparison show that while some prophages are highly related and can be grouped into families, other are unique. Prophages encoding for stx2a were highly diverse, while those encoding for stx2c were conserved. A cluster of genes exclusively found in clade 8 contained 13 genes that mostly encoded for DNA binding proteins. In the studied strains, polymorphisms in Q antiterminator, the Q-stx2A intergenic region and the O and P γ alleles of prophage replication proteins are associated with different levels of Stx2a production. As expected, all strains had the pO157 plasmid that was highly conserved, although one strain displayed a transposon interruption in the protease EspP gene. This genomic analysis may contribute to the understanding of the genetic basis of the hypervirulence of EHEC O157:H7 strains circulating in Argentine cattle. This work aligns with other studies of O157 strain variation in other populations that shows key differences in Stx2a-encoding prophages

Quantification of Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli O157:H7 proteome using TMT-Based Analysis

Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) O157:H7 is a human pathogen responsible for diarrhea, hemorrhagic colitis and hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS). EHEC infection is distributed worldwide and numerous outbreaks of diseases caused by enterohemorrhagic have been reported. To promote a comprehensive insight into the molecular basis of EHEC O157:H7 physiology and pathogenesis, the combined proteome of EHEC O157:H7 strains, Clade 8 and Clade 6 isolated from cattle in Argentina, and the standard EDL933 (clade 3) strain has been analyzed. TMT (Tandem Mass Tags)-based quantitative proteomic and emPAI analyses were performed to estimate the protein abundance in EHEC proteome. 2,234 non-redundant proteins of EHEC O157:H7 were identified. A comparison of this result with in silico data of EHEC O157:H7 genome showed that approximately 40% of the predicted proteome of this pathogen were covered. According to the emPAI analysis, 85 proteins were among the most abundant (e.g. GAPDH, FliC H-antigen, Enolase, and GroEL). Tellurite resistance proteins were also highly abundant. COG analysis showed that although most of the identified proteins are related to cellular metabolism, the majority of the most abundant proteins are associated with translation processes. A KEGG enrichment analysis revealed that Glycolysis / Gluconeogenesis was the most significant pathway. On the other hand, the less abundant detected proteins are those related to DNA processes, cell respiration and prophage. Among the proteins that composed the Type III Secretion System, the most abundant protein was EspA. Altogether, the results show a subset of important proteins that contribute to physiology and pathogenicity of EHEC O157:H7.IMPORTANCE The study of the abundance of proteins present within a complex mixture of proteins in a cell, under different conditions, can provide important information about the activities of individual protein components and protein networks that are cornerstones for the comprehension of physiological adaptations in response to biological demands promoted by environmental changes. We generated a comprehensive and accurate quantitative list of EHEC O157:H7 proteome, which provides a description of the most abundant proteins produced by this pathogen that were related to physiology and pathogenesis of EHEC. This study provides information and extends the understanding on functional genomics and the biology of this pathogen.Fil: Marques Da Silva, Wanderson. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Centro de Investigación en Ciencias Veterinarias y Agronómicas. Instituto de Biotecnología; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Bei, Jinlong. No especifíca;Fil: Amigo, Natalia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Centro de Investigación en Ciencias Veterinarias y Agronómicas. Instituto de Biotecnología; ArgentinaFil: Valacco, Maria Pia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Centro de Investigación en Ciencias Veterinarias y Agronómicas. Instituto de Biotecnología; ArgentinaFil: Amadio, Ariel. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Centro Regional Santa Fe. Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Rafaela; ArgentinaFil: Zhang, Qi. No especifíca;Fil: Wu, Xiuju. No especifíca;Fil: Yu, Ting. No especifíca;Fil: Larzabal, Mariano. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Chen, Zhuang. No especifíca;Fil: Cataldi, Angel Adrian. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Centro de Investigación en Ciencias Veterinarias y Agronómicas. Instituto de Biotecnología; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentin

DIAGNÓSTICO DE BRUCELOSE EM BOVINOS NO ABATEDOURO MUNICIPAL DE IMPERATRIZ-MA

ABSTRACT: Through analysis of records of animals slaughtered and disposed of the municipal abattoir Imperatriz-MA we studied data from 39,955 animals slaughtered for consumption, and it was found that0.03% of the animals were discarded and the carcass incinerated due to contamination by Brucella abortus etiologic agent of brucellosis, one of the most serious zoonotic disease found in the country. The result was satisfactory thus demonstrating the effective control program against brucellosis carried out in the region.   KEY-WORDS: analysis, control, disposed, zoonosis.  RESUMO: Através de análise dos registros de animais abatidos no abatedouro municipal de Imperatriz-Ma, estudou-se os dados de 39.955 animais, e constatou-se que 0,03% dos animais tiveram a carcaça descartada e incinerada devido à contaminação por Brucela abortus, agente etiológico da brucelose, uma zoonose das mais graves constatadas no país. O resultado obtido foi satisfatório demonstrando assim o eficaz programa de controle contra brucelose realizado na região. PALAVRAS CHAVE: análise, controle, descartados, zoonose

Quantification of enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli O157:H7 protein abundance by high-throughput proteome

Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) O157:H7 is a human pathogen responsible fordiarrhea, hemorrhagic colitis and hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS). To promote a comprehensiveinsight into the molecular basis of EHEC O157:H7 physiology and pathogenesis,the combined proteome of EHEC O157:H7 strains, Clade 8 and Clade 6 isolated from cattlein Argentina, and the standard EDL933 (clade 3) strain has been analyzed. From shotgunproteomic analysis a total of 2,644 non-redundant proteins of EHEC O157:H7 were identified,which correspond approximately 47% of the predicted proteome of this pathogen. Normalizedspectrum abundance factor analysis was performed to estimate the proteinabundance. According this analysis, 50 proteins were detected as the most abundant ofEHEC O157:H7 proteome. COG analysis showed that the majority of the most abundantproteins are associated with translation processes. A KEGG enrichment analysis revealedthat Glycolysis / Gluconeogenesis was the most significant pathway. On the other hand, theless abundant detected proteins are those related to DNA processes, cell respiration andprophage. Among the proteins that composed the Type III Secretion System, the mostabundant protein was EspA. Altogether, the results show a subset of important proteins thatcontribute to physiology and pathogenicity of EHEC O157:H7.Fil: Marques Da Silva, Wanderson. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Centro de Investigación en Ciencias Veterinarias y Agronómicas. Instituto de Biotecnología; ArgentinaFil: Bei, Jinlong. Guangdong Academy Of Agricultural Sciences; ChinaFil: Amigo, Natalia. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Centro de Investigación en Ciencias Veterinarias y Agronómicas. Instituto de Biotecnología; ArgentinaFil: Valacco, Maria Pia. Universidad de Buenos Aires; ArgentinaFil: Amadio, Ariel Fernando. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Centro Regional Buenos Aires; ArgentinaFil: Zhang, Qi. Guangdong Academy Of Agricultural Sciences; ChinaFil: Wu, Xiuju. Guangdong Academy Of Agricultural Sciences; ChinaFil: Yu, Ting. Guangdong Academy Of Agricultural Sciences; ChinaFil: Larzabal, Mariano. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Centro Regional Buenos Aires; ArgentinaFil: Chen, Zhuang. Guangdong Academy Of Agricultural Sciences; ChinaFil: Cataldi, Ángel Adrián. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Centro Regional Buenos Aires; Argentin