Hepatobiliary Cystadenomas and Cystadenocarcinoma. Report of Five Cases

Clinicopathologic correlation offive cases ofcystadenomas of the liver are reported. All patients were female and radical surgical procedure, total excision or resection was performed four times, and partial excision once. In all patients the postoperative course was uneventful and they are all alive and well. Examined by conventional histological and special immuno-histochemical stains the tumors fulfilled diagnostic criteria for these rare cystic growths. The cyst wall was composed of three, histologically distinct layers. From the viewpoint of histogenesis and differential diagnosis immunohistochemical properties were analysed. CEA and EMA were demonstrated in epithelial cells and Vimentin in stromal cells

Dynamic calibration of slab track models for railway applications using full-scale testing

Research and development of technology for railways has found new impetus as society continues to search for cost effective and sustainable means of transport. This tasks engineers with using the state-of-the-art science and engineering for rolling stock development and advanced technologies for building high performance, reliable and cost-effective rail infrastructures. The main goal of this work is to develop detailed and validated three-dimensional slab track models using a finite element formulation, which include all components of the infrastructure. For this purpose, the parameters of the computational models are identified by performing full-scale tests of the fastening system and of the slab track, including all its material layers. The computational model proposed here is calibrated using this approach and a good agreement is obtained between experimental and numerical results. This work opens good perspectives to use this reliable track model to study the interaction with railway vehicles in realistic operation scenarios in order to assess the dynamic behaviour of the trains and to predict the long-term performance of the infrastructure and of its components

Sex- and age-related differences in the management and outcomes of chronic heart failure: an analysis of patients from the ESC HFA EORP Heart Failure Long-Term Registry

Aims: This study aimed to assess age- and sex-related differences in management and 1-year risk for all-cause mortality and hospitalization in chronic heart failure (HF) patients. Methods and results: Of 16 354 patients included in the European Society of Cardiology Heart Failure Long-Term Registry, 9428 chronic HF patients were analysed [median age: 66 years; 28.5% women; mean left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) 37%]. Rates of use of guideline-directed medical therapy (GDMT) were high (angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors/angiotensin receptor blockers, beta-blockers and mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists: 85.7%, 88.7% and 58.8%, respectively). Crude GDMT utilization rates were lower in women than in men (all differences: P\ua0 64 0.001), and GDMT use became lower with ageing in both sexes, at baseline and at 1-year follow-up. Sex was not an independent predictor of GDMT prescription; however, age >75 years was a significant predictor of GDMT underutilization. Rates of all-cause mortality were lower in women than in men (7.1% vs. 8.7%; P\ua0=\ua00.015), as were rates of all-cause hospitalization (21.9% vs. 27.3%; P\ua075 years. Conclusions: There was a decline in GDMT use with advanced age in both sexes. Sex was not an independent predictor of GDMT or adverse outcomes. However, age >75 years independently predicted lower GDMT use and higher all-cause mortality in patients with LVEF 6445%

Zmiany zawartości wodoru w kąpieli metalowej podczas procesu stalowniczego

Štore Steel produces steel grades for spring, forging and engineering industry applications. Steelmaking technology consists of scrap melting in Electric Arc Furnace (EAF), secondary metallurgy in Ladle Furnace (LF) and continuous casting of billets (CC). Hydrogen content during steelmaking of various steel grades and steelmaking technologies was measured. Samples of steel melt from EAF, LF and CC were collected and investigated. Sampling from Electric Arc Furnace and Ladle Furnace was carried out using vacuum pin tubes. Regular measurements of hydrogen content in steel melt were made using Hydris device. Hydrogen content results measured in tundish by Hydris device were compared with results from pin tube samples. Based on the measurement results it was established that hydrogen content during steelmaking increases. The highest values were determined in tundish during casting. Factors that influence the hydrogen content in liquid steel the most were steelmaking technology and alloying elements.Stalownia Štore Steel produkuje gatunki stali sprężynowych, stali do kucia oraz stali do innych zastosowań przemysłowych. Linia technologiczna obejmuje elektryczny piec łukowy (EAF), rafinację pozapiecową w piecu kadziowym (LF) oraz maszynę do ciągłego odlewania kęsów (COS). Badaniom poddana została zmienność zawartości wodoru w stali w zależności od gatunku stali i wybranej linii technologicznej. Zgromadzono bazę danych w postaci próbek pobieranych z pieca łukowego, pieca kadziowego oraz maszyny COS. Próbki z pieca łukowego oraz pieca kadziowego pobierano za pomocą rurek próżniowych. Przeprowadzano regularnie pomiary zawartości wodoru w stali za pomocą urządzenia Hydris. Mierzoną zawartość wodoru w kadzi pośredniej za pomocą urządzenia Hydris porównywano z zawartością wodoru w próbkach pobranych za pomocą rurek próżniowych. Bazując na opisanych pomiarach stwierdzono wzrost zawartości wodoru w stali w czasie realizowanego procesu stalowniczego. Najwyższe zawartości stwierdzono w kadzi pośredniej urządzenia COS. Czynnikami mającymi największy wpływ na zawartość wodoru w ciekłej stali była zastosowana technologia wytapiania oraz pierwiastki stopowe

Interaction Between Steel Melt and Refractory Materials in Tundish

In Štore Steel steelworks steel is casted on a three strand continuous casting machine. Lining of tundish is mainly made from a magnesia based material. Tundish cover powder is based on alumina and silica. It also contains aluminum and carbon. During casting, the composition of cover slag is constantly changing. When steel in casted in sequences the change in cover slag composition depends on the amount of CaO rich ladle slag. The composition of tundish cover slag at the end of the casting sequence lies in the area of gehlenite (2CaO•Al2O3•SiO2) in ternary phase diagram CaO•Al2O3•SiO2. The result of the reaction between melted steel, refractory material and tundish cover slag are enstatite (MgO•SiO2) and monticellite (CaO•MgO•SiO2). Merwinite (3CaO•MgO•SiO2) is formed in the end of the casting sequence because of high basicity of the gehlenite based tundish cover slag. Clogging on the inner side of submerged entry nozzles (SEN) are made of calcium aluminates (CaO•2Al2O3) and spinel (MgO, MnO)•Al2O3. Only when steel is casted in sequence composition changes in tundish cover slag and clogging occurs.W stalowni Štore Steel stal odlewana jest na trzyżyłowej maszynie COS. Wyłożenie ogniotrwałe w kadzi pośredniej tej maszyny wykonane jest głównie na bazie materiałów magnezytowych. Żużel w kadzi pośredniej tworzony jest na bazie tlenków glinu i krzemionki i zawiera również glin i węgiel. Podczas odlewania skład chemiczny żużla w kadzi pośredniej ulega ciągłym zmianom. W przypadku odlewania sekwencyjnego zmiany w składzie zależą od ilości CaO żużla kadziowego. Pod koniec sekwencji odlewania skład żużla zbliża się do obszaru fazowego gelenitu (2CaO•Al2O3•SiO2) w trójskładnikowym diagramie fazowym CaO•Al2O3•SiO2. Produktami reakcji pomiędzy ciekłą stalą, wyłożeniem ogniotrwałym i żużlem kadziowym są enstatyt (MgO• SiO2) i mon-ticzellit (CaO•MgO• SiO2. SiO2). Merwinit (3CaO• SiO2) tworzy się pod koniec sekwencji odlewania z powodu wysokiej zasadowości bazującego na gelenicie żużla w kadzi pośredniej. Zarastanie wewnętrznej powierzchni wylewów zanurzeniowych spowodowane jest tworzeniem się glinianów wapnia (CaO•2Al2O3) i spinelu (MgO, MnO)•Al2O3. Zarastanie wylewów oraz zmiana składu żużla w kadzi pośredniej występują tylko podczas odlewania sekwencyjnego

Changes in Hydrogen Content During Steelmaking

Štore Steel produces steel grades for spring, forging and engineering industry applications. Steelmaking technology consists of scrap melting in Electric Arc Furnace (EAF), secondary metallurgy in Ladle Furnace (LF) and continuous casting of billets (CC). Hydrogen content during steelmaking of various steel grades and steelmaking technologies was measured. Samples of steel melt from EAF, LF and CC were collected and investigated. Sampling from Electric Arc Furnace and Ladle Furnace was carried out using vacuum pin tubes. Regular measurements of hydrogen content in steel melt were made using Hydris device. Hydrogen content results measured in tundish by Hydris device were compared with results from pin tube samples. Based on the measurement results it was established that hydrogen content during steelmaking increases. The highest values were determined in tundish during casting. Factors that influence the hydrogen content in liquid steel the most were steelmaking technology and alloying elements

Oddziaływanie kąpieli metalowej z wyłożeniem ogniotrwałym kadzi pośredniej urządzenia COS

In Štore Steel steelworks steel is casted on a three strand continuous casting machine. Lining of tundish is mainly made from a magnesia based material. Tundish cover powder is based on alumina and silica. It also contains aluminum and carbon. During casting, the composition of cover slag is constantly changing. When steel in casted in sequences the change in cover slag composition depends on the amount of CaO rich ladle slag. The composition of tundish cover slag at the end of the casting sequence lies in the area of gehlenite (2CaO•Al2O3•SiO2) in ternary phase diagram CaO•Al2O3•SiO2. The result of the reaction between melted steel, refractory material and tundish cover slag are enstatite (MgO•SiO2) and monticellite (CaO•MgO•SiO2). Merwinite (3CaO•MgO•SiO2) is formed in the end of the casting sequence because of high basicity of the gehlenite based tundish cover slag. Clogging on the inner side of submerged entry nozzles (SEN) are made of calcium aluminates (CaO•2Al2O3) and spinel (MgO, MnO)•Al2O3. Only when steel is casted in sequence composition changes in tundish cover slag and clogging occurs.W stalowni Štore Steel stal odlewana jest na trzyżyłowej maszynie COS. Wyłożenie ogniotrwałe w kadzi pośredniej tej maszyny wykonane jest głównie na bazie materiałów magnezytowych. Żużel w kadzi pośredniej tworzony jest na bazie tlenków glinu i krzemionki i zawiera również glin i węgiel. Podczas odlewania skład chemiczny żużla w kadzi pośredniej ulega ciągłym zmianom. W przypadku odlewania sekwencyjnego zmiany w składzie zależą od ilości CaO żużla kadziowego. Pod koniec sekwencji odlewania skład żużla zbliża się do obszaru fazowego gelenitu (2CaO•Al2O3•SiO2) w trójskładnikowym diagramie fazowym CaO•Al2O3•SiO2. Produktami reakcji pomiędzy ciekłą stalą, wyłożeniem ogniotrwałym i żużlem kadziowym są enstatyt (MgO• SiO2) i mon-ticzellit (CaO•MgO• SiO2. SiO2). Merwinit (3CaO• SiO2) tworzy się pod koniec sekwencji odlewania z powodu wysokiej zasadowości bazującego na gelenicie żużla w kadzi pośredniej. Zarastanie wewnętrznej powierzchni wylewów zanurzeniowych spowodowane jest tworzeniem się glinianów wapnia (CaO•2Al2O3) i spinelu (MgO, MnO)•Al2O3. Zarastanie wylewów oraz zmiana składu żużla w kadzi pośredniej występują tylko podczas odlewania sekwencyjnego