Employment risk and household formation : evidence from differences in firing costs

The rate of new household formation among young adults who live with their parents has decreased in the last twenty years, specially in Southern Europe. At the same time, exposure to the risk that a young adult loses his or her job has increased. We use differences in firing costs across contract types in the Spanish labor market to identify if there is a causal link between both developments. Our first identification strategy exploits a legally-induced sharp increase in firing costs 3 years after the starting of a fixed-term contract between 1987 and 1996. The second uses variation in regional incentives to promote high-firing cost contracts between 1997 and 2001. Both strategies fail to detect a causal impact of job insecurity on the probability of forming a new household. Tentative evidence supports the notion that lower job insecurity has an impact on the form of tenure of the first house of residence, favoring home-ownership over rentin

Automatic Link Balancing Using Fuzzy Logic Control of Handover Parameter

Postprint (published version

Automatic Link Balancing Using Fuzzy Logic Control of Handover Parameter

Postprint (published version

Solidaridad democrática en Guerra Fría: el caso de la política de asilo diplomático de Uruguay en Cuba durante la dictadura de Fulgencio Batista (1957-1958)

El artículo profundiza en uno de los más relevantes temas que abarcaron las relaciones entre Uruguay y la dictadura de Fulgencio Batista desde 1952: la activa política de asilo diplomático que desplegó desde su embajada en Cuba entre 1957 y 1958 durante el período insurreccional de la oposición democrática cubana y la masiva represión dictatorial con que fue respondida. La hipótesis que constituye nuestra conclusión es que esta política de asilo asumida frente a Cuba fue resultado, por un lado, de una línea de política exterior de defensa de la democracia y respeto de los tratados interamericanos sobre asilo y, muy importante, del compromiso del embajador para aplicarla sobre el terreno, y, por el otro, del contexto interno de extensa solidaridad internacional hacia los revolucionarios cubanos desde sectores del mundo político, universitario, estudiantil, periodístico y sindical uruguayo, que buscaron influir en la política gubernamental hacia la dictadura de Batista. El trabajo se nutre de fuentes primarias conservadas en archivos de Uruguay, Cuba y otros países de la región, y de fuentes secundarias como artículos de prensa, entrevistas de la época y estudios históricos sobre el tema

The diplomatic asylum policy of the Venezuelan Government Junta in Cuba (1958-1959)

El artículo analiza la política y práctica del asilo diplomático de la Junta de Gobiernode Venezuela en Cuba durante el período febrero 1958- febrero 1959 en el contextode las cambiantes situaciones políticas internas y de relaciones bilaterales entreambos países. Su objetivo es el reconocimiento de estos instrumentos de proteccióninternacional y la aplicación que de los mismos hizo el Estado venezolano ante lassolicitudes de asilo diplomático presentadas por perseguidos políticos en su Embajadaen La Habana. La investigación se apoya en el estudio cualitativo de documentacióndel Archivo Histórico del Ministerio Relaciones Exteriores de Venezuela.The article analyzes the policy and practice of diplomatic asylum of the Venezuelan Governing Board in Cuba during the period February 1958-February 1959 in the context of the changing internal political situations and bilateral relations between both countries. Its objective is the recognition of these instruments of international protection and the application that the Venezuelan State made of them in the face of requests for diplomatic asylum presented by politically persecuted persons at its Embassy in the Habana. The research is supported by the qualitative study of documentation from the Historical Archive of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Venezuela.Fil: Ayala, Mario Hugo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad de Buenos Aires; ArgentinaFil: García Ferreira, Roberto. Universidad de la Republica. Facultad de Humanidades y Ciencias de la Educación.; Urugua

Los efectos de la temporalidad de los contratos laborales sobre la formación de nuevos hogares

Artículo de revistaResumen de los principales resultados del Documento de trabajo relacionad

Aging effects on neuromuscular activity in karate practitioners

P. 203-213El envejecimiento conduce a una disminución general de las funciones corporales que afecta a la calidad de vida. La práctica deportiva se recomienda como un medio para atenuar el impacto del proceso de envejecimiento. El objetivo de este estudio fue identificar y analizar la actividad neuromuscular y sus patrones en los practicantes de karate activos y evaluar los efectos del proceso de envejecimiento. Dos grupos de practicantes de karate masculinos de cinturón negro, uno con nueve practicantes mayores de 50 años y el otro con 21 practicantes de entre 20 y 30 años de edad realizaron la patada frontal mae-geri. Se recogieron datos cinemáticos y electromiográficos de cinco músculos de la pierna derecha. Los resultados mostraron dos períodos distintos de activación muscular en el rendimiento de mae-geri, con patrones de actividad muscular similares entre los grupos. Sin embargo, se encontraron algunas diferencias en el inicio y la compensación de la actividad de los músculos, en la media cuadrática de la raíz y en los periodos de retraso y contracción entre músculos. Esas diferencias indicaron que el envejecimiento afecta la actividad neuromuscular en el rendimiento de mae-geri de los practicantes de karate más antiguos. Sin embargo, los resultados mostraron que la práctica de karate a lo largo de la vida puede preservar la calidad de la actividad neuromuscular en los practicantes de mayor edad cuando realizan una patada, y esto podría asociarse con beneficios para equilibrar el controlS

Explanatory Model for elite canoeists’ performance using a functional electromechanical dynamometer based on detected lateral asymmetry

Canoe modality in flatwater canoeing has a clear asymmetrical nature. This study aimed (1) to determine the magnitude and direction of neuromuscular properties, range of motion (ROM) and lower-limb strength asymmetries in female and male canoeists; (2) to establish sex-individualized asymmetry thresholds for canoeists’ neuromuscular properties, ROM and lower-limb strength; and (3) to determine the relationship of canoeists’ neuromuscular properties, ROM and lower-limb strength asymmetries with a specific canoe–dynamometer performance test. Twenty-one international canoeists were assessed through tensiomyography (TMG), ROM, lower-limb explosive strength, and a specific canoe incremental dynamometric test. The magnitude of asymmetry assessed through TMG and ROM was not modulated either by sex or performance level (international medal vs. non-medal). Females showed greater asymmetry than males on muscle tone of the erector spinae towards non-stroke side (22.75% vs. 9.72%) and the tibialis anterior (30.97% vs. 16.29%), and Fmax in explosive leg press (2.41% vs. 0.63%) towards the stroke side. International medalists showed greater asymmetry in semitendinosus contraction time towards non-stroke side (20.51% vs. 9.43%) and reached Vmax earlier in explosive leg press towards stroke side leg (19.20% vs. 9.40%). A greater asymmetry in Fmax and in Vm, and a smaller asymmetry in Tvmax and in leg press showed a small predictive capacity for canoeists’ performance on a specific canoe incremental dynamometry test. Reporting reference data from world-class canoeists’ asymmetries can be of great importance for coaches to periodically control lateral asymmetry

Diagnostic Process in Rare Diseases: Determinants Associated with Diagnostic Delay

Many people living with rare disease (RD) report a difficult diagnostic process from the symptom onset until they obtain the definitive diagnosis. The aim of this study was thus to ascertain the diagnostic process in RDs, and explore the determinants related with having to wait for more than one year in this process (defined as “diagnostic delay”). We conducted a case–control study, using a purpose-designed form from the Spanish Rare Diseases Patient Registry for data-collection purposes. A descriptive analysis was performed and multivariate backward logistic regression models fitted. Based on data on 1216 patients living with RDs, we identified a series of determinants associated with experiencing diagnostic delay. These included: having to travel to see a specialist other than that usually consulted in the patient’s home province (OR 2.1; 95%CI 1.6–2.9); visiting more than 10 specialists (OR 2.6; 95%CI 1.7–4.0); being diagnosed in a region other than that of the patient’s residence at the date of symptom onset (OR 2.3; 95%CI 1.5–3.6); suffering from a RD of the nervous system (OR 1.4; 95%CI 1.0–1.8). In terms of time taken to see a specialist, waiting more than 6 months to be referred from the first medical visit was the period of time which most contributed to diagnostic delay (PAR 30.2%). In conclusion, this is the first paper to use a collaborative study based on a nationwide registry to address the diagnostic process of patients living with RDs. While the evidence shows that the diagnostic process experienced by these persons is complex, more studies are needed to determine the implications that this has for their lives and those of their families at a social, educational, occupational, psychological, and financial level.This research was supported by the Spanish State Research Agency, State R&D Program Oriented to the Challenges of the Society, project no. RTI2018-094035-A-I00. J.B-L enjoys a Grant PRE2019-091508 funded by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 by “ESF Investing in your future”.S

THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN EMOTIONAL REGULATION AND SPORTS PERFORMANCE: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW

The aim of the study was to investigate, through a systematic review of the literature, the relationship between athletes’ emotional regulation in performance or competition. The strategy (SPIDER) was used, and the keywords were used according to the respective vocabulary restricted to each database (PubMed, SciElo, Portal BVS, SPORTDiscus, PsycNET). The Boolean operators AND and OR were used, and 2 inclusion and 4 exclusion criteria were adopted. This systematic review is registered on the PROSPERO platform under the ID CRD42020216250. For analysis and qualitative synthesis, 10 studies were included, and 16 modalities were identified with a sample of 434 athletes, 84.1% male and 15.9% female. Regarding the results, we can observe that the relationship between regulation and sports performance lies in the interaction of environmental, social, and psychological factors, which can trigger positive and negative emotions that impact sports performance. Moreover, it is worth noting that the studies have verified the phenomenon of regulation of emotions through various instruments and strategies, thus demonstrating the heterogeneity of the studies included in this review. No longitudinal studies were observed; however, emotions and regulation of emotions can undergo alterations due to the sporting moment and the degree of importance of the competition