Evaluation of the profile of drug therapy administered through enteral feeding tube in a general hospital in Rio de Janeiro

Enteral nutrition (EN) is the method of choice for patients that cannot adequately receive oral feeding despite good gastrointestinal tract condition. Enteral diets may be administered through tube or ostomy placed in the stomach, duodenum or jejunum. The administration of drugs via enteral feeding tube (EFT) is a common practice in hospitals due to patient clinical status, and requires special attention from professionals involved in this process. This study entailed an analysis of the profile of drug therapy through EFT based on evaluation of medical prescriptions of the Medical Clinic of the Hospital dos Servidores do Estado (HSE) of Rio de Janeiro sent to the Pharmacy Service between January and June 2007, according to standard protocols in place. Prescription of drugs via EFT outside recommended guidelines was observed, besides potential drug-nutrient incompatibilities associated with this practice. These results point to the need for improvement of enteral route access and the adoption of measures to promote safe and effective use of drugs and nutritional therapy.A nutrição enteral (NE) é o método de escolha para alimentar pacientes que não podem receber alimentação por via oral de forma adequada, mas que estejam com a função gastrointestinal satisfatória para a absorção dos nutrientes. As dietas enterais podem ser administradas através de cateteres ou ostomias, posicionados no estômago, duodeno ou jejuno. A administração de medicamentos através de cateter de nutrição enteral (CNE) é uma prática muito comum no ambiente hospitalar, devido ao estado clínico do paciente, necessitando atenção especial dos profissionais envolvidos neste processo. O estudo constituiu uma análise do perfil da terapia medicamentosa através de CNE por meio de uma avaliação das prescrições médicas da Clínica Médica do Hospital dos Servidores do Estado (HSE) do Rio de Janeiro encaminhadas ao Serviço de Farmácia, de janeiro a junho de 2007, tendo como padrão protocolos existentes. Foi observada a prescrição de medicamentos através do CNE fora das recomendações contidas nas referências, além de possíveis incompatibilidades fármaco-nutriente associadas a esta prática. Os resultados demonstraram a necessidade de melhoria na utilização dessa via e adoção de medidas a fim de promover um uso seguro e eficaz de medicamentos e da terapia nutricional

A list of land plants of Parque Nacional do Caparaó, Brazil, highlights the presence of sampling gaps within this protected area

Brazilian protected areas are essential for plant conservation in the Atlantic Forest domain, one of the 36 global biodiversity hotspots. A major challenge for improving conservation actions is to know the plant richness, protected by these areas. Online databases offer an accessible way to build plant species lists and to provide relevant information about biodiversity. A list of land plants of “Parque Nacional do Caparaó” (PNC) was previously built using online databases and published on the website "Catálogo de Plantas das Unidades de Conservação do Brasil." Here, we provide and discuss additional information about plant species richness, endemism and conservation in the PNC that could not be included in the List. We documented 1,791 species of land plants as occurring in PNC, of which 63 are cited as threatened (CR, EN or VU) by the Brazilian National Red List, seven as data deficient (DD) and five as priorities for conservation. Fifity-one species were possible new ocurrences for ES and MG states

Association Between Preexisting Versus Newly Identified Atrial Fibrillation and Outcomes of Patients With Acute Pulmonary Embolism

Background Atrial fibrillation (AF) may exist before or occur early in the course of pulmonary embolism (PE). We determined the PE outcomes based on the presence and timing of AF. Methods and Results Using the data from a multicenter PE registry, we identified 3 groups: (1) those with preexisting AF, (2) patients with new AF within 2 days from acute PE (incident AF), and (3) patients without AF. We assessed the 90-day and 1-year risk of mortality and stroke in patients with AF, compared with those without AF (reference group). Among 16 497 patients with PE, 792 had preexisting AF. These patients had increased odds of 90-day all-cause (odds ratio [OR], 2.81; 95% CI, 2.33-3.38) and PE-related mortality (OR, 2.38; 95% CI, 1.37-4.14) and increased 1-year hazard for ischemic stroke (hazard ratio, 5.48; 95% CI, 3.10-9.69) compared with those without AF. After multivariable adjustment, preexisting AF was associated with significantly increased odds of all-cause mortality (OR, 1.91; 95% CI, 1.57-2.32) but not PE-related mortality (OR, 1.50; 95% CI, 0.85-2.66). Among 16 497 patients with PE, 445 developed new incident AF within 2 days of acute PE. Incident AF was associated with increased odds of 90-day all-cause (OR, 2.28; 95% CI, 1.75-2.97) and PE-related (OR, 3.64; 95% CI, 2.01-6.59) mortality but not stroke. Findings were similar in multivariable analyses. Conclusions In patients with acute symptomatic PE, both preexisting AF and incident AF predict adverse clinical outcomes. The type of adverse outcomes may differ depending on the timing of AF onset.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Memorial acadêmico

Este Memorial Acadêmico tem como objetivo apresentar a minha vida acadêmica até a presente data e, através dele, descrever de forma sucinta e autoavaliativa a minha trajetória como docente na Universidade Federal de Pelotas (UFPel) na Área de Medicina Veterinária, mais especificamente na área de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva. Acreditando que este será um instrumento capaz de demonstrar de forma plena, através de atos e fatos, as razões pelas quais julgo, neste momento, de ser e estar capacitado a me submeter a este Processo Avaliativo perante uma Comissão Especial e atingir, desta forma, a tão almejada Promoção para a Classe E (Professor Titular) do Plano de Carreira do Magistério Superior, na Universidade Federal de Pelotas (UFPel), e, assim, cumprir mais uma etapa intelectual da minha vida acadêmica

Piedra branca genital: estudo bioquimico e microbiologico de Trichosporon beigelii

BV UNIFESP: Teses e dissertaçõe

DROGAS ANTIFÚNGICAS PARA PEQUENOS E GRANDES ANIMAIS

As drogas antifúngicas são classificadas em agentes químicos clássicos e atuais e em antibióticos. Os agentes químicos clássicos são aqueles medicamentos que apresentam de maneira geral espectro de ação reduzido contra fungos, atuando como fungistático de modo indireto ao modificar as condições locais, como por exemplo o iodo, os ácidos graxos e derivados, ácido salicílico, tolnaftato e tolciclato. Os agentes químicos atuais são representados pelos imidazóis e triazóis, flucitosina e alilaminas e os antibióticos representados pelos poliênicos (anfotericina B, nistatina e natamicina) e a griseofulvina. A descrição de cada antifúngico considerado será apresentada no trabalho

Caracterización de la microbiota levaduriforme residente en la vagina de perras en diferentes fases del ciclo estral

Yeasts are commensal organisms frequently isolated from the skin and mucous membranes of domestic and wild mammals. Although yeasts are frequently isolated from women’s vaginal mucus, similar studies in canine are rare, therefore their behaviour during the canine oestrous cycle is unknown. The purpose of this study was to isolate yeasts from the vaginal microbiota of bitches and to evaluate their behaviour in different stages of the oestrous cycle. We examined 75 samples of mucus from the vaginal cavity of 75 domestic bitches and 224 samples from 14 experimental bitches. The stages of the oestrous cycle were characterized through vaginal cytology and clinical observation of bleeding, vulvar oedema and pucker. Samples were examined visually, and also cultured in Sabouraud dextrose agar with chloranphenicol, at 37 ºC for 10 days. The yeasts were classified according to their macro and micro morphology, biochemical tests, germination tube and micro culture. Yeasts were isolated from 25 (33.3%) samples from domestic females. Among the samples collected during proestrous, oestrous, diestrous and anestrous, 56.3% 16.7% 66.7% and 20.5% were positive, respectively. Yeasts were isolated from 147 (65.6%) samples from experimental bitches. Among the samples collected during proestrous, oestrous, diestrous and anestrous, positive samples represented 61.9%, 71.9%, 82.7%, and 57.1%,respectively. The identified species were Candida spp, M. pachydermatis and Rhodotorula spp, which are commonly present in the vaginal mucus microbiota of healthy bitches and their frequency changes with the different stages of the oestrous cycle.Hongos levaduriformes son aislados frecuentemente de los animales domésticos y silvestres, siendo algunos comensales del tegumento y mucosas. Las levaduras son frecuentes en la mucosa vaginal de las mujeres, pero en perras son escasos los estudios referentes a la microbiota fúngica vaginal, sin conocerse su relación con el ciclo reproductivo. En este estudio se buscó aislar e identificar levaduras de la microbiota vaginal de perras, y establecer si hay alteración de la microbiota levaduriforme en las fases del ciclo reproductivo. Se analizaron 75 muestras de la vagina de 75 perras de los caniles particulares (Grupo I) y 224 muestras de 14 perras experimentales (Grupo II). El ciclo estral fue determinado por citología vaginal y se registraron observaciones clínicas como sangrado, edema y pliegues de vulva. Las muestras fueron sometidas a examen directo y cultivos en Agar-Sabouraud dextrosa con cloranfenicol, a 37 ºC por 10 días. Las levaduras fueron clasificadas por macro y micromorfología, pruebas bioquímicas, tubo germinativo y microcultivo. De las 75 muestras del grupo I, el aislamiento fue 33,3% (n = 25); las muestras fueron obtenidas en las fases de proestro 56,3%, estro 16,7%, diestro 66,7% y anestro 20,5%, respectivamente. De las 224 muestras del grupo II se aislaron levaduras en 147 (65,6%): en proestro 61,9%, estro 71,9%, diestro 82,7% y anestro 57,1%, respectivamente. Las levaduras fueron identificadas como Candida spp, Malassezia pachydermatis y Rhodoturola spp. Los resultados sugieren que estas levaduras forman parte de la microbiota vaginal de perras sanas y sus frecuencias se alteran en las fases del ciclo reproductivo