Ley general de aguas, la amenaza que se desechó... por ahora

Texto que celebra con cautela el triunfo ante la clase política mexicana, tras el intento fallido de mercantilizar el agua. Se exponen las razones por las que el dictamen de la Ley General de Aguas vulneraba el derecho humano al acceso al líquido y su saneamiento, y se explica por qué la iniciativa favorecía el interés particular para su gestión frente al interés público y social.ITESO, A.C

ARTEMISA: Architecture of an eco-driving assistant based on the anticipation

This paper presents the architecture of an eco driving assistant. The assistant evaluates the fulfil ment of classic eco-driving advices such as: main tain a constant speed, driving at high gear, slow down smoothly and so on. In addition, the assistant issues advices based on the anticipation. Anticipa tion is the key of eco-driving. The assistant is ca pable of detecting traffic signs beforehand and it checks if the speed is suitable for not having to slow down sharply. In addition, the system propos es an optimal average speed according to the con ditions of the road. To model the environment where the vehicle is moving, we use an Android mobile device. These devices are ideal due to to their multiple network connections (Bluetooth, UTMS and WIFI) and sen sors (camera, acceleration sensor, GPS and so on). To obtain the vehicle’s parameters (speed, fuel consumption, RPM, etc.), we use the diagnostic port (OBD2). The proposed system can improve fuel consump tion and safety. In addition, it is independent of the type of vehicle.Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación TIN2009-14378-C02-02European Union REA FP7/2007-2013 n° 286533Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación HAUS IPT-2011-1049-43000

Hábitos de ingreso y resultados en las evaluaciones en cursos en línea masivos con reconocimiento académico

Ante el éxito de los cursos en línea abiertos y masivos y las distintas estrategias para incorporar sus estrategias en educación superior, retos como la atención adecuada que un limitado equipo docente debe hacer a una gran cantidad de estudiantes se hace cada vez más necesaria. Un primer aspecto a resolver tiene que ver con los hábitos de conexión de los estudiantes al curso en línea con reconocimiento académico y las implicaciones que ello tiene respecto a diversos aspectos como por ejemplo el rendimiento académico o la labor del equipo docente y de apoyo. En este artículo se muestra los resultados relacionados con los patrones de acceso de más de 700 estudiantes inscritos en el curso “Astronomía cotidiana” en la Universidad del Cauca y las variables asociadas a dichos patrones

Biocatalytic oxidative kinetic resolution of (±)-4-(chlorophenyl)phenylmethanol by Nocardia corallina B-276

Chiral diarylmethanols are versatile building blocks for the preparation of biologically active substances, but they are difficult to obtain in enantiopure form. We used Nocardia corallina B-276 for the oxidative kinetic resolution of (±)-4-(chlorophenyl)phenylmethanol, 1. Two experimental methods were used: 1) Suspension of cells in a phosphate buffer solution and 2) Cells in the culture media, in a 3-L bioreactor. After 36 hrs using the first method, the ketone/alcohol ratio was 56/44 and the unoxidized alcohol had an enantiomeric ratio of 93/7, predominating the R-alcohol

Effects of acute unilateral ovariectomy to pre-pubertal rats on steroid hormones secretion and compensatory ovarian responses

In the present study we analyzed the existence of asymmetry in the secretion of steroid hormones in pre-pubertal female rats treated with unilateral ovariectomy (ULO) or unilateral perforation of the abdominal wall (sham-surgery). Treated rats were sacrificed at different times after surgery. Since sham-surgery had an apparent effect on the age of first vaginal estrous (FVE) and serum levels hormone, the results of the sham surgery groups were used to assess the effects of their respective surgery treatment groups. On the day of FVE, compensatory ovulation (CO) and compensatory ovarian hypertrophy (COH) were similar in animals with ULO, regardless of the ovary remaining in situ. In ULO treated animals, progesterone (P4) levels were higher than in animals with sham-surgery one hour after treatment but lower in rats sacrificed at FEV. Left-ULO resulted in lower testosterone (T) concentration 48 and 72 hours after surgery. In rats with Right-ULO lower T concentrations were observed in rats sacrificed one or 72 hours after surgery, and at FVE. ULO (left or right) resulted in lower estradiol (E2) concentrations one or 72 hours after treatment. In rats with Left-ULO, E2 levels were higher 48 hours after surgery and at FVE. Left-ULO resulted in higher levels of follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) five hours after surgery and at FVE. FSH levels were higher in rats with Right-ULO sacrificed on FVE. The present results suggest that in the pre-pubertal rat both ovaries have similar capacities to secrete P4, and that the right ovary has a higher capacity to secrete E2. Taken together, the present results support the idea that the effects of ULO result from the decrease in glandular tissue and changes in the neural information arising from the ovary

La lectura no utilitaria en la universidad en la era digital. Un análisis multivariante que ubica el texto impreso en la lectura de literatura

This paper explores the preference of the printed text for reading literature in a university community. A characterization of reading and writing in the university is made and a review of the importance of non-utilitarian reading is presented in this context. The issue of the appropriation of ICT in the university environment is reviewed, identifying the relevance of reading and writing in the digital age. The case study uses data from a survey applied at the Universidad Veracruzana, for which the context and background are presented. A description of the variables and the strategy of statistical analysis is made. We analyze the factors that are associated with the format preference and characterize the main associations based on independence tests using the Chi-Square statistic; for multivariate associations, a multiple correspondence analysis was run. It is concluded that the preference of the printed text is still very marked, a little more among women, highlighting the level of taste and time of dedication among academics and officials. However, the concept of reading that is more frequent is related to the utilitarian reading

Metodología para la medición de la huella hídrica en la producción de tilapia, cachama y trucha: estudios de caso para el Valle del Cauca (Colombia)

(Eng) The pisciculture sector in Colombia, has grown 13% annually between 1988 and 2013, and it is the sixth major water user. Considering the influence that pisciculture has over the water resources, the water footprint of pisciculture was studied as a sustainability indicator, a method was developed to estimate the water footprint of the sector, which include not only the direct and indirect components, but also the green, blue and grey water footprint. The method was applied to the three most produced species in the country: tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus), cachama (Piaractus brachypomus) and trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss), to corresponding case studies in Valle del Cauca, Colombia. It was found that the water footprint of tilapia culture is 5,486 m3/Ton, cachama culture is 6,193 m3/Ton, and trout culture is 19,854 m3/Ton. The highest total water footprint for tilapia was that of the concentrated feed, followed by the blue water footprint, associated with the amount of water that remains stored in the ponds, whereas for the cachama and trout, the highest water footprint was grey, due to the high concentrations of solids and nutrients present in fish excretions and unconsumed feed.(Spa) El sector piscícola en Colombia creció en promedio 13% anual de 1988 a 2013 y es el sexto mayor usuario de agua en el país. Considerando la presión que ejerce la producción piscícola sobre las fuentes de agua, se estudió la huella hídrica (HH) de la piscicultura como un indicador de sostenibilidad. Para ello se desarrolló una metodología que mide la HH en el sector, que incluye sus componentes directos e indirectos, así como las huellas hídricas verde, azul y gris. La metodología se aplicó a las tres especies piscícolas más producidas en el país: tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus), cachama (Piaractus brachypomus) y trucha (Oncorhynchus mykiss), para sendos casos de estudio en el Valle del Cauca, Colombia. Se encontró que la HH total del cultivo de tilapia es de 5,486 m3/Ton, la del cultivo de cachama de 6,193 m3/Ton y la del cultivo de trucha de 19,854 m3/Ton. La huella hídrica total más alta para la tilapia fue la del alimento concentrado, seguida por la huella hídrica azul, asociada a la cantidad de agua que permanece almacenada en los estanques; en la cachama y trucha la mayor huella hídrica total fue la gris, relacionada con las altas concentraciones de sólidos y nutrientes, presentes en las excretas de los peces y en el alimento concentrado no consumido

Electromyographic signals processing for robotic assistance tools in the rural population

Abstract-This paper presents an algorithm to process the electromyography signal (EMG). It requires low computational power which allows it to be implemented in embedded, low cost platforms. The proposed algorithm uses the Short-Time Fourier Transform (STFT) and the feature extraction methods, namely, modified mean frequency, and the first spectral moment (SM1). This algorithms is able to identify four different movements of one upper limb, allowing to control a robotic assistance tool with four degrees of freedom. Thanks to the properties of this algorithm, rural populations can have access to this type of technologies