Evaluation of the Acarofauna of the Domiciliary Ecosystem in Juiz de Fora, State of Minas Gerais, Brazil

From August 1999 to January 2000, samples of house dust were collected from 160 domiciles in the city of Juiz de Fora, State of Minas Gerais, Brazil. In 36 of these domiciles kitchen samples were obtained. Prevalence rate was 77.5%, varying according to the geographical sector. There were found 2,278 specimens of mites, with 1,530 (67.2%) in the adult stage and 748 (32.8%) in immature forms. The main species found were Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus, D. farinae, Euroglyphus maynei, Blomia tropicalis and Tyrophagus putrescentiae. In a minor incidence we found Lepidoglyphus destructor, Suidasia pontificiae, Chortoglyphus arcuatus, Cheyletus malaccensis, C. fortis, Ker bakeri, Cheletonella vespertilionis, C. caucasica and others. C. vespertilionis and C. caucasica were identified for the first time in the domiciliary ecosystem and in Brazil. The abundance rate and the infestation intensity were analyzed. There was a varied correlation between climatic conditions and positive domiciles and number of mites. The difference between the number of positive domiciles in the urban area and in the expanding urban area was significant and so was the difference between samples from the domiciles compared to those from the kitchens.

Parasitismo por Acari e Phthiraptera em cobaios [Cavia Porcellus (Linnaeus, 1758)] de ambientes rural e urbano nos municípios de Silva Jardim e Duque de Caxias, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil

In the present study ectoparasites lodger from 28 guinea pigs living in two differents counties of the Rio de Janeiro state. The guinea pigs were immobilized mechanically for ectoparasite removal. The parasite specimens collected were counted with the aid of a stereoscopic microscope and identified under light microscope. A total of 3,134 mites were removed from seven guinea pigs from country side. From the 21 guinea pigs of the urban area, 1,472 mites were collected, all being the species Chirodiscoides caviae. Two hundred and sixty three chewing-lice were found on animals from urban enviromment and 567 chewing-lice from those of the rural enviromment, representing three different species: Gliricola porcelli, Gyropus ovalis and Trimenopon hispidum. The values of Parasitic Abundance and Mean Intensity of Parasitism were very close and the Prevalence in these groups was very high. It was concluded that habitat of the guinea pigs influences the parasitic load of the ectoparasites found in the present study.Neste trabalho foram estudadas as cargas parasitárias de Acari e Phthiraptera em 28 cobaios provenientes de dois municípios do estado do Rio de Janeiro. Os cobaios foram contidos mecanicamente para remoção dos ectoparasitos, pelo ato de pentear a pelagem com pente fino. Os espécimes de parasitas encontrados foram contados com auxílio de estereomicroscópio e identificados com ajuda de microscopia de luz. Dos sete cobaias de vida rural foram removidos 3134 ácaros, e dos 21 cobaios de vida urbana, foram recolhidos 1472 ácaros, todos da espécie Chirodiscoides caviae. Também foram encontrados 263 malófagos nos animais de ambiente urbano e 567 malófagos nos de ambiente rural, sendo estes de três espécies distintas: Gliricola porcelli, Gyropus ovalis e Trimenopon hispidum. Os valores de Abundância Parasitária e Intensidade Média de Parasitismo dos dois grupos foram muito próximos e a prevalência de ambos muito alta. Os resultados permitiram concluir que o habitat dos cobaios influencia a carga parasitária de todas as espécies de ectoparasitos encontrados

Caamembecaia gratiosus n. gen., n. sp. (Acari: Trombiculidae), from Trinomys gratiosus (Gunter) (Rodentia: Echimydae), of Atlantic Forest in Southeastern Brazil

From June 1999 to May 2001, small mammals were captured in three areas of the Atlantic Forest in Southeastern Brazil and examined for ectoparasites. Analysis of ectoparasites revealed the presence of a new chigger genus and species, Caamembecaia gratiosus, from Trinomys gratiosus. This is the first record of a chigger from T. gratiosus.13713

Evidência de rickettsiae do grupo da febre maculosa no Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil

De fevereiro a setembro de 1999, foram realizadas, semanalmente, coletas de carrapatos de cães no Município de Piraí/RJ. Quatrocentos e setenta e quatro ixodídeos foram taxonomicamente identificados, 103 Amblyomma cajennense, sete Amblyomma ovale, 209 Rhipicephalus sanguineus e 155 Amblyomma sp. O teste de hemolinfa associado à coloração de Giemsa revelou que duas espécies de 163 carrapatos testados (R. sanguineus e A. sp.) continham microrganismos com morfologia semelhante à rickettsia do grupo da febre maculosa. No teste de imunofluorescência direta, mais específico, foi verificada a presença de rickettsia do grupo da febre maculosa em uma espécie de R. sanguineus. Considerando que informações sobre rickettsioses no Brasil são limitadas, principalmente com relação aos vetores envolvidos na perpetuação da doença, estes resultados preliminares nos mostram a necessidade da realização deste tipo de estudo, permitindo, desta forma, aumentar nossos conhecimentos a respeito desta zoonose.Ticks were obtained from dogs from February to September of 1999 at weekly intervals, in the County of Piraí, State of Rio de Janeiro. Four hundred seventy four ixodids were taxonomically identified, 103 Amblyomma cajennense, seven Amblyomma ovale, 209 Rhipicephalus sanguineus, and 155 Amblyomma sp. An hemolymph test associated with Giemsa's stain revealed two specimens in 163 ticks tested (R. sanguineus and Amblyomma sp), containing rickettsia-like organisms. Direct immunofluorescence verified the presence of spotted fever group rickettsia in one specimen of R. sanguineus. Considering the limited information on rickettsiosis in Brazil, principally in relation to the vectors involved in perpetuating it in foci, these preliminary results give us an idea on the importance of infection in ticks, allowing to expand our knowledge on this zoonosis

A new focus of spotted fever caused by Rickettsia parkeri in Brazil

Spotted fever (SF) is a tick-borne zoonosis caused by bacteria of the genus Rickettsia . The disease varies in severity from mild clinical forms to severe cases. In Brazil, Rickettsia rickettsii SF is the most serious rickettsiosis and can result in death if not diagnosed and treated at the onset of symptoms. The SF mild form is caused by Rickettsia parkeri strain Atlantic Rainforest, and this etiological agent has been reported in the South, Southeast and Northeast regions of the country, in areas of preserved or little antropized Atlantic Rainforest. Amblyomma ovale is the proven vector and dogs are the hosts associated with the bioagent cycle. During a SF case investigation in Paraty municipality, Rio de Janeiro State, an Atlantic Rainforest biome area in Southeastern Brazil, the human pathogen R. parkeri strain Atlantic Rainforest was detected by PCR in a sample of human skin inoculation eschar and in a female A. ovale tick collected from a dog. These results expand the known area of occurrence of this mild form rickettsiosis in Brazil. In addition, the results of the present study indicate the importance of implementing programs to control canine ectoparasites and to raise awareness of the risks of infection, signs and symptoms of SF caused by R. parkeri strain Atlantic Rainforest

CASO ÍNDICE DE Amblyomma crassum ROBINSON, 1926 (ACARI: IXODIDAE) EM SUCURI (REPTILIA: OPHIDIA) NO BRASIL

RESUMO   É assinalado o caso índice para o parasitismo de Eunectes murinuns L. por Amblyomma casssum Robinson, 1926, na Reserva Ecológica Baia Bonita, município de Bonito, Estado de Mato Grosso do Sul, Brasil, e também é o registro de novo hospedeiro para esta espécie de carrapato duro.  

First report of the mite Psoralges libertus Trouessart, 1896 in the auditory canal of free-living giant anteater Myrmecophaga tridactyla Linnaeus, 1758

Os jardins zoológicos são excelente fonte de material biológico para pesquisas, pois recebem exemplares de animais silvestres de vida livre com frequência. O presente relato discorre sobre a ocorrência de ácaros em canal auditivo em tamanduá-bandeira de vida livre na Região Metropolitana de Sorocaba, encaminhado ao Zoológico de Sorocaba. Durante exame clínico do animal foram localizados e colhidos ectoparasitos do paciente. Os ácaros colhidos do canal auditivo foram depositados em potes plásticos com álcool 70% e encaminhados ao Laboratório de Referência Nacional em Vetores das Riquetsioses (LIRN) do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz (IOC), Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ). Utilizando chaves taxonômicas específicas e com auxílio de microscópio, foram identificados morfologicamente à espécie Psoralges libertus Trouessart, 1896. A espécie já foi registrada em outras espécies da Ordem Pilosa, mas este é o primeiro registro da espécie Psoralges libertus parasitando Myrmecophaga tridactyla Linnaeus, 1758 de vida livre.Zoological parks are an excellent source of biological material for research, as they often receive free-living wild animals. The present report discusses the occurrence of mites in the ear canal in a free-living anteater in the Metropolitan Region of Sorocaba, forwarded to the Sorocaba Zoo. During the clinical examination of the animal ectoparasites were located and collected. The mites were collected from the ear canal and were deposited in plastic pots with 70% alcohol, then sent to the National Reference Laboratory for Rickettsial Diseases Vectors (LIRN) of the Oswaldo Cruz Institute (IOC), Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ). Using taxonomic specific keys and with the aid of a microscope, the species Psoralges libertus Trouessart, 1896 was morphologically identified. This species was reported in another species from the Order Pilosa, but it is the first record of Psoralges libertus parasitizing a free-living Myrmecophaga tridactyla Linnaeus, 1758

Amblyomma aureolatum Genetic Diversity and Population Dynamics Are Not Related to Spotted Fever Epidemiological Scenarios in Brazil

Regional differences in tick-borne disease epidemiology may be related to biological variations between vector populations. Amblyomma aureolatum (Ixodida: Ixodidae), a neotropical tick, is known from several regions in Brazil. However, only in the metropolitan area of São Paulo (SP) state are there studies that establish its role as a vector of a pathogenic rickettsia (Rickettsia rickettsii). The aim of the study was to analyze the genetic diversity, population dynamics, and rickettsia infection in A. aureolatum populations from different spotted fever scenarios in Brazil. Samples were subjected to DNA extraction, amplification and sequencing of 12S rDNA, cytochrome oxidase subunit II and D-loop mitochondrial markers for tick population analyses, and gltA, htrA, ompA, and ompB genes for rickettsia researches. Of the 7–17 tick haplotypes identified, 5–13 were exclusive to each population and 2–12 for each epidemiological scenario, as well as three haplotypes shared by all populations. Amblyomma aureolatum populations are expanding, and do not appear to be genetically structured vis-a-vis the different epidemiological scenarios studied. Rickettsia bellii (in SP) and Rickettsia felis (in Santa Catarina) were identified as infecting A. aureolatum. No relationship between tick haplotypes and rickettsia types were observed

Diagnóstico de Ixodes woodi Bishopp, 1911 (Acari: Ixodidae) no Brazil: imigração em Homo sapiens - Relato de caso.

ABSTRACT. Serra-Freire N.M., Amorim M. & Gazêta G.S. Diagnostic of Ixodes woodi Bishopp, 1911 (Acari: Ixodidae) in Brazil: immigration on Homo sapiens - Case report. [Diagnóstico de Ixodes woodi Bishopp, 1911 (Acari: Ixodidae) no Brazil: imigração em Homo sapiens - Relato de caso.] Revista Brasileira de Medicina Veterinária, 37(1):97-99, 2015. Laboratório de Referência Nacional para Vetores das Riquetsioses, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz/FIOCRUZ, Av. Brasil, 4365, Manguinhos, RJ 21045-900, Brasil. E-mail: [email protected] One nymph of Ixodes wood (Ixodidae: Ixodinae) was self-collected from a woman that had just arrived in Rio de Janeiro after a holiday period in Norway, Europe. She traveled by plane presenting a skin irritation on right leg and preserved the parasite that was in her skin. This is the first brazilian record of I. woodi. Also, in South America Ixodes wood hadn’t been previously reported. In United State of America, rodents appear to be the main hosts for immature stages, although there are other records from members of Mammalia class. I. woodi doesn’t seem to be a threat to men and domestic mammals, from which has seldom been reported, but there is quoting of his relationship between trophic and rickettsiae bacteria, but no transmission