Growth velocity and weight gain in prepubertal asthmatic children

Objective: To evaluate the stature growth rate (GR) and the weight gain of prepubertal asthmatic children. Method: A retrospective cohort study evaluating medical records of 85 children diagnosed with asthma, aged less than 9 years, of both sexes, with at least one year of follow-up in the allergy outpatient clinic. The data on the disease, weights and heights were collected through a standardized questionnaire on two occasions, with an interval of one year. The curves proposed by Tanner were applied for the analysis of the GR, and the Z-score of the GR (ZGR) was calculated. Results: Excess weight (risk for overweight, overweight and obesity) was observed in 31.8% (27/85) of the patients, but there was no association with the severity of asthma. Low GR (ZGR < -2) was found in 13.9% (11/79) of patients, most frequently among children with moderate/severe persistent asthma compared to persistent mild and intermittent forms (7/11 - 63.6% vs. 21/68 - 30.2%, respectively, p=0.047). Use of steroids (dose, type and time of use) was not associated with GR. Conclusion: GR was most affected in children with moderate/severe asthma.National Counsel of Technological and Scientific Development (CNPq)Univ Fed Sao Paulo Unifesp, Escola Paulista Med EPM, Pediat, Sao Paulo, SP, BrazilUniv Fed Sao Paulo, EPM, Sao Paulo, SP, BrazilUnifesp, EPM, Dept Pediat, Santo Andre, SP, BrazilFMABC, Dept Pediat, Santo Andre, SP, BrazilUniv Fed Sao Paulo, EPM, Dept Pediat, Rua Otonis 725, BR-04025002 Sao Paulo, SP, BrazilUniv Fed Sao Paulo Unifesp, Escola Paulista Med EPM, Pediat, Sao Paulo, SP, BrazilUniv Fed Sao Paulo, EPM, Sao Paulo, SP, BrazilUnifesp, EPM, Dept Pediat, Santo Andre, SP, BrazilUniv Fed Sao Paulo, EPM, Dept Pediat, Rua Otonis 725, BR-04025002 Sao Paulo, SP, BrazilWeb of Scienc

Is age a risk factor for liver disease and metabolic alterations in ataxia Telangiectasia patients?

Background: Ataxia telangiectasia (A-T) is a neurodegenerative disease that leads to mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress. Insulin resistance (IR), type 2 diabetes and the risk for development of cardiovascular disease was recently associated as an extended phenotype of the disease. We aimed to assess IRliver involvementcarotid intima-media thickness (cIMT) and metabolic alterations associated to cardiovascular risk in A-T patients, and relate them with age. Results: Glucose metabolism alterations were found in 54.6% of the patients. Hepatic steatosis was diagnosed in 11/17 (64.7%) A-T patients. AST/ALT ratio > 1 was observed in 10/17 (58.8%). A strong positive correlation was observed between insulin sum concentrations with ALT (r = 0.782, p < 0.004) and age (r = 0.818, p = 0.002). Dyslipidemia was observed in 55.5% of the patients. The apolipoprotein (Apo-B)/ApoA-I ratio (r = 0.619p < 0.01), LDL/HDL-c (r = 0.490p < 0.05) and the Apo-B levels (r = 0.545p < 0.05) were positively correlated to cIMT. Conclusions: Metabolic disorders implicated in cardiovascular and liver diseases are frequently observed in adolescent A-T patients and those tend to get worse as they become older. Therefore, nutritional intervention and the use of drugs may be necessary.CAPES Foundation, Ministry of Education of Brazil, Brasilia DF, BrazilFed Univ São Paulo UNIFESP, Escola Paulista Med, Dept Pediat, Rua Otonis 725, BR-04025002 São Paulo, SP, BrazilABC Fdn FMABC, Fac Med ABC, Dept Morphol & Physiol, Santo Andre, SP, BrazilFed Univ São Paulo UNIFESP, Escola Paulista Med, Dept Diagnost Imaging, São Paulo, SP, BrazilSanta Casa São Paulo Sch Med Sci FCMSCSP, São Paulo, SP, BrazilFed Univ Alfenas UNIFAL, Sch Nutr, Alfenas, MG, BrazilFed Univ São Paulo UNIFESP, Escola Paulista Med, Dept Pediat, Rua Otonis 725, BR-04025002 São Paulo, SP, BrazilFed Univ São Paulo UNIFESP, Escola Paulista Med, Dept Diagnost Imaging, São Paulo, SP, BrazilWeb of Scienc

Prevalence and Severity of Asthma, Rhinitis, and Atopic Eczema in 13- to 14-Year-Old Schoolchildren from Southern Brazil

The objective of this study was to investigate the prevalence and severity of asthma, rhinitis, and atopic eczema in schoolchildren from southern Brazil. A cross-sectional study was carried out with the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood phase III written questionnaire. The questionnaire was self-applied by 2,948 randomly selected schoolchildren aged 13 to 14 years. The lifetime prevalence rates of symptoms were as follows: wheezing, 40.8%; rhinitis, 40.7%; eczema, 13.6%; self-reported asthma, 14.6%; rhinitis, 31.4%; eczema, 13.4%. Rhinitis was reported by 55% of adolescents with current asthma (60% females vs 46.9% males). Girls 13 to 14 years of age had higher prevalence rates of asthma, rhinitis, and eczema than boys had. Atopic eczema was reported by 42.7% of girls and 31.4% of boys with asthma. The prevalence rates were statistically significant for symptoms of asthma, rhinitis, and atopic eczema in females. However, there were no statistically significant differences between the sexes in regard to reported asthma and bronchospasm induced by exercise

A comunidade de insetos endófagos de Asteraceae em Cerrados de São Paulo

A survey of the endophagous insects fauna associated to Asteraceae capitula was carried out from 2000 to 2002 in eight cerrado sensu stricto sites located in the Brazilian state of São Paulo. Sixty-four endophagous species of Diptera and Lepidoptera were recorded from 49 asteracean host plants. Approximately half of the species were obtained from a single locality, with a large proportion emerging from a single sample (unicates). Thirty percent of the species were singletons (i.e. only one individual was recorded). The large proportion of rare species suggests a high species turnover among localities. Lepidopteran species were recorded on more host species than dipterans, confirming their more polyphagous food habit, also observed in other Brazilian biomes and in Europe. We conclude that the studied cerrado localities, all within São Paulo State, are isolated with its invertebrate fauna composed of many rare and exclusive species. We suggest that the maintenance of Asteraceae biodiversity and their endophagous insects depend on the conservation of all cerrado remnants in the state.No presente estudo foi realizado um levantamento da fauna de insetos endófagos de capítulos de Asteraceae (Compostas), de 2000 a 2002, em oito localidades de cerrados sensu stricto no estado de São Paulo. Foram obtidas 64 espécies de endófagos (dípteros e lepidópteros) de 49 espécies de hospedeiras. Aproximadamente metade das espécies foi obtida de apenas uma área, e destas uma grande proporção ocorreu em apenas uma amostra (unicatas). Trinta por cento das espécies foram consideradas singletons (apenas um indivíduo foi obtido). A grande quantidade de espécies raras sugere uma forte troca de espécies entre diferentes áreas. Lepidópteros foram registrados em mais espécies hospedeiras que dípteros, confirmando o já observado para o mesmo sistema de insetos e plantas em outros ambientes no Brasil e Europa. As áreas de cerrado sensu stricto estudadas no estado de São Paulo encontram-se isoladas, com uma grande parte da fauna de invertebrados composta por muitas espécies raras e exclusivas. Diante deste quadro, sugere-se que a manutenção da biodiversidade de Asteraceae e seus endófagos em seus níveis atuais depende da conservação de todo o conjunto de remanescentes de cerrado do estado.458468Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP

Expression of Matrix Metalloproteinases-8 and Myeloperoxidase in Pulp Tissue after Pulpotomy with Calcium Silicate Cements

Objective: To evaluate the pulp tissue of rat molars after pulpotomies with mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA), BiodentineTM (BDT) and calcium hydroxide (CH) mixed with sterile saline solution (24 hours, 72 hours, 7 days and 15 days), through correlating MPO activity with active neutrophils and MMP8 activity with tissue remodeling. Material and Methods: Thirty-eight Wistar rats were randomly distributed into groups (control, I (MTA gray), II (BDT), and III (CH)) and subdivided according to the study period of 24 hours, 72 hours, 7 days or 15 days after pulpotomy. MMP8 activity was assessed through fluorescence technique, and MPO activity was determined using the MPO assay. Results: A gradual decrease of MPO and MM8 activity occurred in the group MTA over the experimental periods (p&lt;0.05). Groups BDT and CH exhibited an increase in the activity at 7 and 15 days (p&lt;0.05). Conclusion: MTA demonstrated a decrease in the values of MPO e MMP8. BDT and CH showed high neutrophilic and collagenase activity over the experimental periods

Expression of Matrix Metalloproteinases-8 and Myeloperoxidase in Pulp Tissue after Pulpotomy with Calcium Silicate Cements

Objective: To evaluate the pulp tissue of rat molars after pulpotomies with mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA), BiodentineTM (BDT) and calcium hydroxide (CH) mixed with sterile saline solution (24 hours, 72 hours, 7 days and 15 days), through correlating MPO activity with active neutrophils and MMP8 activity with tissue remodeling. Material and Methods: Thirty-eight Wistar rats were randomly distributed into groups (control, I (MTA gray), II (BDT), and III (CH)) and subdivided according to the study period of 24 hours, 72 hours, 7 days or 15 days after pulpotomy. MMP8 activity was assessed through fluorescence technique, and MPO activity was determined using the MPO assay. Results: A gradual decrease of MPO and MM8 activity occurred in the group MTA over the experimental periods (p&lt;0.05). Groups BDT and CH exhibited an increase in the activity at 7 and 15 days (p&lt;0.05). Conclusion: MTA demonstrated a decrease in the values of MPO e MMP8. BDT and CH showed high neutrophilic and collagenase activity over the experimental periods

PARTICIPAÇÃO DO PACIENTE COM DORES CRÔNICAS NA CONSTRUÇÃO DA CONDUTA MÉDICA E ADESÃO AO TRATAMENTO

No tratamento de dores crônicas é difícil a definição de um modelo específico para abordagem terapêutica, sendo importante a avaliação individual de cada paciente com participação ativa do mesmo. No Brasil, ainda são escassos os estudos sobre a participação do indivíduo na construção da conduta. O presente estudo teve como objetivo avaliar a associação entre a adesão à terapêutica prescrita e o grau de participação dos doentes na construção da conduta médica. Cerca de 87,5% dos pacientes que abandonaram um tratamento não haviam participado da construção do mesmo, o que denota uma correlação positiva entre os a autonomia e a adesão ao tratamento (p=0,004). Apesar da maioria dos pacientes terem conhecimento sobre detalhes da sua doença, ainda está instalado um modelo não participativo, que institui somente ao médico a tomada de decisão, já que estes não são questionados pelo médico quanto as suas necessidades e dificuldades

PIELONEFRITE AGUDA EM CRIANÇAS A PARTIR DE EXAMES COMPLEMENTARES

Elucidar os principais exames complementares utilizados na investigação da pielonefrite aguda em crianças. Utilizou-se livros-texto e artigos indexados em bases eletrônicas, totalizando 3 livros textos disponíveis no acervo bibliográfico da UNOESTE e 19 artigos indexados nas bases eletrônicas, selecionando-se os que melhor abordavam o tema central desta. A revisão revelou que na investigação diagnóstica podem ser utilizados exames laboratoriais, sendo a análise da urina um método bastante sensível, desde que a coleta da amostra seja ideal. Dentre os exames de imagem, a cintilografia renal com DMSA é o método com maior sensibilidade e especificidade, sendo capaz de detectar as alterações funcionais provocadas pelo processo inflamatório e suas sequelas. O diagnóstico correto da ITU e a valorização da presença de fatores predisponentes favorecem o tratamento precoce da pielonefrite e seu acompanhamento evolutivo, diminuindo assim, o risco de deterioração da função renal e as complicações a ela associadas

PIELONEFRITE AGUDA EM CRIANÇAS A PARTIR DE EXAMES COMPLEMENTARES

Elucidar os principais exames complementares utilizados na investigação da pielonefrite aguda em crianças. Utilizou-se livros-texto e artigos indexados em bases eletrônicas, totalizando 3 livros textos disponíveis no acervo bibliográfico da UNOESTE e 19 artigos indexados nas bases eletrônicas, selecionando-se os que melhor abordavam o tema central desta. A revisão revelou que na investigação diagnóstica podem ser utilizados exames laboratoriais, sendo a análise da urina um método bastante sensível, desde que a coleta da amostra seja ideal. Dentre os exames de imagem, a cintilografia renal com DMSA é o método com maior sensibilidade e especificidade, sendo capaz de detectar as alterações funcionais provocadas pelo processo inflamatório e suas sequelas. O diagnóstico correto da ITU e a valorização da presença de fatores predisponentes favorecem o tratamento precoce da pielonefrite e seu acompanhamento evolutivo, diminuindo assim, o risco de deterioração da função renal e as complicações a ela associadas