Germination dynamics of sesame seeds under salt stress

Sesame crops have large economic potential; however, the scarcity of good quality water in the Semiarid region of the Northeast of Brazil can affect production systems, which requires the search for cultivars that can better be adapted to the local conditions. In this context, the objective of this work was to evaluate the germination dynamics of sesame seed lots subjected to different electrical conductivities of the imbibition solution. The experiment was conducted at the Laboratory of Seeds and Seedling Analysis of the Federal University of Campina Grande, Pombal campus, Paraíba, Brazil. A completely randomized design was used, in an 8×6 factorial arrangement, corresponding to eight seed lots (BRS Seda; BRS Seda (S2); BRS G2 (S1); BRS G2 (S2); BRS G3 (S1); BRS G3 (S2); BRS G4 (S1) and BRS G4 (S2), where S1 and S2 represent the grown environments, saline (2.4 dS m-1) and non-saline, respectively; and six electrical conductivities of the imbibition solution (0.3; 1.2; 2.1; 3.0; 3.9; and 4.8 dS m-¹), with four replications. The variables seed germination, vigor, germination speed index, mean time for germination, mean germination speed, and radicle length were evaluated. The sesame seeds are sensitive to salinity, regardless of the lot analyzed and their germination power decreases when they are subjected to high salt concentrations.Sesame crops have large economic potential; however, the scarcity of good quality water in the Semiarid region of the Northeast of Brazil can affect production systems, which requires the search for cultivars that can better be adapted to the local conditions. In this context, the objective of this work was to evaluate the germination dynamics of sesame seed lots subjected to different electrical conductivities of the imbibition solution. The experiment was conducted at the Laboratory of Seeds and Seedling Analysis of the Federa

Assessment of functional impairment after knee anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction using cardiorespiratory parameters: a cross-sectional study

Background: A dynamic sub-maximum exercise with the same absolute intensity, performed with different muscle groups, may present exacerbated cardiorespiratory responses. Therefore, cardiorespiratory responses to unilateral exercise may identify bilateral differences. the purpose of this study was to verify whether the cardiorespiratory responses to lower limb exercise display counter-lateral differences, and if they could be used to assist athletes and health professionals involved in rehabilitation.Methods: Nine individuals participated in this cross-sectional study. They had been treated in a private rehabilitation clinic and submitted to intra-articular reconstruction of the anterior cruciate ligament. the cycling exercise with the same sub-maximal intensity and with one lower limb was used to gather data. Cardiorespiratory responses to exercise were compared between exercises performed with the involved and uninvolved limb after five minutes of exercise.Results: Cardiorespiratory responses to exercise performed with the involved limb presented higher values after five minutes of cycling: oxygen uptake (+7%), carbon dioxide production (+10%), minute ventilation (+20%), breathing frequency (+19%), ventilatory equivalent for oxygen (+14%), end-tidal pressure of O-2 oxygen (+4%), end-tidal pressure of O-2 carbon dioxide (-9%) and heart rate (+9%).Conclusions: the exacerbated responses, including increase of the ventilatory equivalent and decrease of end-tidal pressure of carbon dioxide, indicate that this exercise protocol may be useful in the characterization of the functional deficit of the surgical limb during rehabilitation.Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Dept Fisiol, São Paulo, BrazilUniv Fed Goias, Fac Educ Fis, Setor Fisiol Humana & Excercicio, Goiania, BrazilUniv Fed Espirito Santos, Ctr Educ Fis & Desporto, Vitoria, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Dept Ortopedia & Traumatol, São Paulo, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Dept Fisiol, São Paulo, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Dept Ortopedia & Traumatol, São Paulo, BrazilWeb of Scienc

Differences in muscle strength after ACL reconstruction do not influence cardiorespiratory responses to isometabolic exercise

Objectives: To investigate whether the muscle strength decrease that follows anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction would lead to different cardiorespiratory adjustments during dynamic exercise.Method: Eighteen active male subjects were submitted to isokinetic evaluation of knee flexor and extensor muscles four months after ACL surgery. Thigh circumference was also measured and an incremental unilateral cardiopulmonary exercise test was performed separately for both involved and uninvolved lower limbs in order to compare heart rate, oxygen consumption, minute ventilation, and ventilatory pattern (breath rate, tidal volume, inspiratory time, expiratory time, tidal volume/inspiratory time) at three different workloads (moderate, anaerobic threshold, and maximal).Results:There was a significant difference between isokinetic extensor peak torque measured in the involved (116.5±29.1 Nm) and uninvolved (220.8±40.4 Nm) limbs, p=0.000. Isokinetic flexor peak torque was also lower in the involved limb than in the uninvolved limb (107.8±15.4 and 132.5±26.3 Nm, p=0.004, respectively). Lower values were also found in involved thigh circumference as compared with uninvolved limb (46.9±4.3 and 48.5±3.9 cm, p=0.005, respectively). No differences were found between the lower limbs in any of the variables of the incremental cardiopulmonary tests at all exercise intensities.Conclusions: Our findings indicate that, four months after ACL surgery, there is a significant deficit in isokinetic strength in the involved limb, but these differences in muscle strength requirement do not produce differences in the cardiorespiratory adjustments to exercise. Based on the hypotheses from the literature which explain the differences in the physiological responses to exercise for different muscle masses, we can deduce that, after 4 months of a rehabilitation program after an ACL reconstruction, individuals probably do not present differences in muscle oxidative and peripheral perfusion capacities that could elicit higher levels of peripheral cardiorepiratory stimulus during exercise.Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP) Department of PhysiologyUniversidade Federal de Goiás Faculty of Physical Education Department of Human and Exercise PhysiologyUniversidade Federal do Espírito Santo Center for Physical Education and SportUniversidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP) Department of Orthopedics and TraumatologyUNIFESP, Department of PhysiologyUNIFESP, Department of Orthopedics and TraumatologyFAPESP: 99/07746-9SciEL

Isokinetic muscle assessment after treatment of pectoralis major muscle rupture using surgical or non-surgical procedures

INTRODUCTION: Rupture of the pectoralis major muscle appears to be increasing in athletes. However, the optimal treatment strategy has not yet been established. OBJECTIVES: To compare the isokinetic shoulder performance after surgical treatment to that after non-surgical treatment for pectoralis major muscle rupture. METHODS: We assessed 33 pectoralis major muscle ruptures (18 treated non-surgically and 15 treated surgically). Horizontal abduction and adduction as well as external and internal rotation at 60 and 120 degrees/s were tested in both upper limbs. Peak torque, total work, contralateral deficiency, and the peak torque agonist-to-antagonist ratio were measured. RESULTS: Contralateral muscular deficiency did not differ between the surgical and non-surgical treatment modalities. However, the surgical group presented twice the number of athletes with clinically acceptable contralateral deficiency (<20%) for internal rotators compared to the non-surgical group. The peak torque ratio between the external and internal rotator muscles revealed a similar deficit of the external rotation in both groups and on both sides (surgical, 61.60% and 57.80% and non-surgical, 62.06% and 54.06%, for the dominant and non-dominant sides, respectively). The peak torque ratio revealed that the horizontal adduction muscles on the injured side showed similar weakness in both groups (surgical, 86.27%; non-surgical, 98.61%). CONCLUSIONS: This study included the largest single series of athletes reported to date for this type of injury. A comparative analysis of muscular strength and balance showed no differences between the treatment modalities for pectoralis major muscle rupture. However, the number of significant clinical deficiencies was lower in the surgical group than in the non-surgical group, and both treatment modalities require greater attention to the rehabilitation process, especially for the recovery of muscle strength and balance

STRUCTURE OF THE SOCIAL REPRESENTATION OF LOWER LIMB FRACTURES IN HOSPITALIZED INDIVIDUALS

Delinear a estrutura da representação social das fraturas de membros inferiores em indivíduos hospitalizados. Estudo qualitativo, com sessenta e seis indivíduos internados por acidentes por causas externas e com fratura em membros inferiores há mais de vinte 24 horas. Para as variáveis sociodemográficas e clínicas utilizou-se análise descritiva.&nbsp; O teste projetivo de evocação livre de palavras foi empregado para conhecer as características qualitativas dos elementos centrais e periféricos da representação social. &nbsp;Os elementos centrais foram incapacidade para o trabalho, ter mais cuidado no trânsito e tristeza. Entre os elementos periféricos, dificuldade e dependência financeira. Emergiram evocações pouco debatidas na literatura. A fratura em membros inferiores não confere uma letalidade observável. Porém, reflete negativamente nos aspectos biopsicossociais e qualidade de vida dos indivíduos. Palavras-chaves: Saúde do adulto; hospitalização; causas externas.Abstract Outline the structure of the social representation of lower limb fractures in hospitalized individuals. A qualitative study with sixty-six individuals hospitalized for external causes and fractures of the lower limbs for more than twenty-four 24 hours. Sociodemographic and clinical variables were used descriptive analysis. The projective test of free recall of words used to know the qualitative characteristics of the central and peripheral elements of social representation. The core elements were inability to work be more careful in traffic and sadness. Among the peripheral elements, difficulty and financial dependence. Evoked unvoiced developments in the literature. Fracture in lower limbs does not confer observable lethality. However, it reflects negatively on the biopsychosocial aspects and quality of life of individuals Key words: Fractures, bone; quality of life; accidents, traffic

Positive effects of physical exercise in epilepsy: does judo part of this context?

INTRODUCTION: Persons with epilepsy have previously been discouraged from participation in physical activity and sports for fear of inducing seizures or increasing seizure frequency. Despite a shift in medical recommendations toward encouraging rather than restricting participation, the stigma remains and persons with epilepsy continue to be less active than the general population. OBJECTIVES: In these lines, several clinical and experimental studies have demonstrated a positive effect of physical exercise on epilepsy. Judo is a traditional and popular sport and people with epilepsy often ask physicians whether they may engage in this sport. CONCLUSIONS: Based on this, our review article is designed to show the risks and benefits of physical activity in patients with epilepsy and discusses the role of judo in this context.INTRODUÇÃO: Pessoas com epilepsia tem sido constantemente desaconselhadas a participarem de atividades físicas ou esportivas por receio do exercício provocar crises epilépticas. Apesar da atitude médica atual recomendando a participação em atividades esportivas, o estigma ainda persiste e as pessoas com epilepsia continuam menos ativas que a população em geral. OBJETIVOS: Neste sentido, vários estudos clínicos e experimentais têm demonstrado um efeito benéfico do exercício físico na epilepsia. O judô é um esporte tradicional e popular e pessoas com epilepsia freqüentemente perguntam aos médicos se podem participar deste tipo de esporte. CONCLUSÃO: Baseado nestas questões, este artigo de revisão propõe avaliar os riscos e benefícios da atividade física em pessoas com epilepsia e discutir o papel do judô neste contexto.Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP) Escola Paulista de MedicinaUniversidade Bandeirante de São PauloUniversidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP) Escola Paulista de Medicina Departamento de FisiologiaUniversidade de Mogi das Cruzes Faculdade de Medicina Núcleo de Pesquisas TecnológicasUNIFESP, EPM, Depto. de FisiologiaSciEL

Shoulder isokinetic profile of male handball players of the Brazilian National Team

BACKGROUND:Data obtained on an isokinetic dynamometer are useful to characterize muscle status and have been reported in muscle imbalance studies in different types of sport. However, few studies have assessed elite handball players to establish reference values.OBJECTIVE:The purpose of this study was to compare, for the dominant (D) and non-dominant (ND) side, the isokinetic profile of shoulder rotator muscle strength between male handball players (H) and asymptomatic non-athletes (NA).METHOD:Isokinetic concentric and eccentric strength tests for D upper limbs were performed by the H group (n=20) and the NA group (n=12). Internal and external rotator muscle peak torque in concentric action was assessed at 60°/s and 300°/s and in eccentric action at 300°/s. We also calculated conventional balance (the ratio of external rotator peak torque to internal rotator peak torque in concentric action) and functional balance (the ratio of external rotator peak torque in eccentric action to internal rotator peak torque in concentric action).RESULTS:In the H group, dominant limbs were stronger in concentric action for external rotation at 60 and 300°/s. The conventional balance ratio for the D side was significantly lower at 60 and 300°/s for H compared to NA. The functional ratio for the D side was significantly lower at 300º/s for H compared to NA.CONCLUSIONS:Compared to asymptomatic non-athletes, handball players presented significant muscular imbalance resulting from daily sports practice, a known risk factor for shoulder injuries.Projects Finance Organization (Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos - FINEP)Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP) Physiology DepartmentUniversidade Federal de Goias Human and Exercise Physiology SectorUniversidade Estadual de Campinas Faculty of Physical Education Sports Science DepartmentBrazilian Basketball ConfederationUNIFESP, Physiology DepartmentSciEL

HYDROTHERMIC TREATMENT IN THE SOFT ROT CONTROL IN POTATOES AND THEIR CHANGES IN THE POST-HARVEST CHARACTERISTICS

Several strategies have been the object of studies to control soft rot in potatoes, but in many cases they are based on methods that, even though they present promising results, demand a high investment, besides the difficulty of being applied in large volumes, which makes the use of hydrothermal treatment an interesting alternative. The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of different immersion temperatures used in the hydrothermal treatment on the post-harvest quality of the treated tubers. The experiment was conducted following a completely randomized design with five immersion temperatures: control, 40, 50, 60 and 70 C °, and five storage periods: 0, 5, 10, 15 and 20 days. Post-harvest quality determination was performed by evaluating pulp firmness, pH, titratable acidity (% citric acid) and soluble solids content (° Brix) Throughout the storage period the tubers with symptoms of soft rot were counted and discarded. The immersion temperature caused changes in the parameters of pulp firmness, titratable acidity and soluble solids content. Tubers submitted to immersion temperature of 70 ° C were all eliminated on the 5th day of evaluation. The immersion of potatoes at 40 ° C was the most efficient in reducing the appearance of soft rot, while maintaining the physical-chemical characteristics of the treated tubers during the storage period of 20 days.Several strategies have been the object of studies to control soft rot in potatoes, but in many cases they are based on methods that, even though they present promising results, demand a high investment, besides the difficulty of being applied in large volumes, which makes the use of hydrothermal treatment an interesting alternative. The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of different immersion temperatures used in the hydrothermal treatment on the post-harvest quality of the treated tubers. The experiment was conducted following a completely randomized design with five immersion temperatures: control, 40, 50, 60 and 70 C °, and five storage periods: 0, 5, 10, 15 and 20 days. Post-harvest quality determination was performed by evaluating pulp firmness, pH, titratable acidity (% citric acid) and soluble solids content (° Brix) Throughout the storage period the tubers with symptoms of soft rot were counted and discarded. The immersion temperature caused changes in the parameters of pulp firmness, titratable acidity and soluble solids content. Tubers submitted to immersion temperature of 70 ° C were all eliminated on the 5th day of evaluation. The immersion of potatoes at 40 ° C was the most efficient in reducing the appearance of soft rot, while maintaining the physical-chemical characteristics of the treated tubers during the storage period of 20 days