Znanje i stavovi prema osobama sa depresivnim poremećajem i načini tretmana u uzorku osoba opšte populacije u Srbiji

Introduction/Objective the objective of this paper was to examine the mental health literacy of the general population in Serbia and their attitudes towards persons with a mental illness. Methods This was a cross-sectional study with structured interview using the vignette of a person with major depressive disorder (MDD). The attitudes towards people with mental illness were assessed by the Department of Health Attitudes to Mental Illness Questionnaire. A convenient sample consisted of 504 participants. Results A total of 72% of the sample recognized the presence of some sort of mental health problem, of which 40.9% correctly labeled the symptoms as MDD. The majority of participants believed that MDD was caused more by stress than by biological factors. A psychologist, a close friend, and a psychiatrist were often rated as helpful for the person described by the vignette. Vitamins and healing herbs were rated as the most helpful remedy. Antidepressants were considered both helpful and harmful. The attitudes towards people with mental illness were moderately positive. Conclusion Mental health literacy in Serbia is moderate. Risk factors for negative attitudes included older age and lower education.Uvod/Cilj Cilj studije je ispitati pismenost u oblasti mentalnog zdravlja kod uzorka osoba opšte populacije u Srbiji, kao i stavove prema osobama sa mentalnim bolestima. Metode Primenjena je studija poprečnog preseka, sa strukturisanim intervjuom i vinjetom koja prikazuje osobu sa simptomima depresije. Stavovi su procenjeni Upitnikom o stavovima prema osobama sa mentalnim bolestima britanskog sektora zdravlja. Prigodan uzorak osoba opšte populacije se sastojao od 504 učesnika. Rezultati Rezultati su ukazali da je 72% ispitanika prepoznalo da je u pitanju neki problem mentalnog zdravlja, dok je 40,9% tačno identifikovalo osobu sa depresivnim poremećajem. Više ispitanika je verovalo da je depresija uzrokovana stresom nego biološkim faktorima. Kao najkorisnija pomoć za osobu prikazanu u vinjeti izabrana je pomoć psihologa, bliskog prijatelja i psihijatra. Upotreba vitamina i lekovitih biljaka je procenjena kao najkorisniji vid lečenja. Antidepresivi se smatraju i korisnim i štetnim. Stavovi prema osobama sa mentalnim bolestima su umereno pozitivni. Zaključak Pismenost u oblasti mentalnog zdravlja u Srbiji je umerena. Faktori rizika za negativne stavove uključuju stariji uzrast i niži stepen obrazovanja

Agricultural waste: a source of bioactive compounds for potential application in meat products

Globalization and population growth have led to the development of a modern agricultural system that currently produces millions of tons of waste. This waste is disposed of by burning, dumping or accumulating in landfills, resulting in environmental, health, and economic issues. The agro‑industrial residues are abundant with phenolic bioactive compounds, such as phenolic acids, flavonoids, tannins, and carotenoids, which, among others, exhibit antioxidant and antimicrobial capacities and have good potential as food flavorings and colorants. The most common method for isolating these compounds is solvent extraction. However, there is a trend towards eco‑innovative extraction methods that offer better possibilities for implementation on an industrial scale. The oxidation of lipids and proteins is one of the main causes of quality deterioration in meat and meat products during processing and storage. Therefore, the application of natural antioxidants extracted from these new, unconventional raw materials could be a sustainable alternative to synthetic antioxidants. This review summarizes the data on natural antioxidants derived from agro‑industrial by‑products and their incorporation in various meat product formulations. It also addresses limiting factors related to safety and changes in sensory properties

Peri-operative red blood cell transfusion in neonates and infants: NEonate and Children audiT of Anaesthesia pRactice IN Europe: A prospective European multicentre observational study

BACKGROUND: Little is known about current clinical practice concerning peri-operative red blood cell transfusion in neonates and small infants. Guidelines suggest transfusions based on haemoglobin thresholds ranging from 8.5 to 12 g dl-1, distinguishing between children from birth to day 7 (week 1), from day 8 to day 14 (week 2) or from day 15 (≥week 3) onwards. OBJECTIVE: To observe peri-operative red blood cell transfusion practice according to guidelines in relation to patient outcome. DESIGN: A multicentre observational study. SETTING: The NEonate-Children sTudy of Anaesthesia pRactice IN Europe (NECTARINE) trial recruited patients up to 60 weeks' postmenstrual age undergoing anaesthesia for surgical or diagnostic procedures from 165 centres in 31 European countries between March 2016 and January 2017. PATIENTS: The data included 5609 patients undergoing 6542 procedures. Inclusion criteria was a peri-operative red blood cell transfusion. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The primary endpoint was the haemoglobin level triggering a transfusion for neonates in week 1, week 2 and week 3. Secondary endpoints were transfusion volumes, 'delta haemoglobin' (preprocedure - transfusion-triggering) and 30-day and 90-day morbidity and mortality. RESULTS: Peri-operative red blood cell transfusions were recorded during 447 procedures (6.9%). The median haemoglobin levels triggering a transfusion were 9.6 [IQR 8.7 to 10.9] g dl-1 for neonates in week 1, 9.6 [7.7 to 10.4] g dl-1 in week 2 and 8.0 [7.3 to 9.0] g dl-1 in week 3. The median transfusion volume was 17.1 [11.1 to 26.4] ml kg-1 with a median delta haemoglobin of 1.8 [0.0 to 3.6] g dl-1. Thirty-day morbidity was 47.8% with an overall mortality of 11.3%. CONCLUSIONS: Results indicate lower transfusion-triggering haemoglobin thresholds in clinical practice than suggested by current guidelines. The high morbidity and mortality of this NECTARINE sub-cohort calls for investigative action and evidence-based guidelines addressing peri-operative red blood cell transfusions strategies. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov, identifier: NCT02350348

Comparison of implant survival under an overdenture with respect to their number and dimensions

Pokrovna proteza na implantatima mobilna je proteza retinirana razliˇcitim brojem i dimenzijama implantata. Pokrovne proteze retinirane implantatima mobilni su protetski nadomjesci koji se retencijskim elementima sidre na implantatima. One predstavljaju jednu od terapijskih opcija potpune bezubosti. Niz godina potpune proteze predstavljaju konvencionalno rjeˇsenje za terapiju potpune bezubosti. Dijelu pacijenata kojima potpune proteze ne predstavljaju zadovoljavaju´ce rjeˇsenje danas moˇzemo ponuditi alternativu: pokrovne proteze poduprte implantatima. Za donju ˇceljust se, zbog ˇcestog nezadovoljstva pacijenata potpunim protezama, pokrovna proteza poduprta implantatima predlaˇze kao terapija izbora. Kratki implantati pojavili su se na trˇziˇstu kao alternativna opcija kojom bi se smanjila ili eliminirala potreba za vertikalnim augmentacijskim postupcima, koje su ˇcesto povezane s dodatnim troˇskom, duˇzim vremenom terapije i ve´cim rizikom za razvoj komplikacija. Uski implantati imaju prednost naspram standardnih u situacijama smanjenog meziodistalnog prostora i reducirane ˇsirine alveolarnog grebena. To bi moglo pomo´ci starijim pacijentima i medicinski kompromitiranim pacijentima jer bi ukljuˇcivalo manje invazivan kirurˇski postupak. Prednosti terapije potpune bezubosti pokrovnim protezama poduprtim implantatima pove´cana je retencija i stabilnost mobilnih proteza, poboljˇsanje ˇzvaˇcne i fonetske funkcije, poboljˇsanje udobnosti i zadovoljstva pacijenta istim ˇsto rezultira i pove´canom kvalitetom ˇzivota.Overdenture on implants is a mobile prosthesis retained with different number of implants of various dimensions. Implant-retained overdenture is a mobile prosthetic replacement anchored to the implants by retention elements. It represents one of the treatment options for complete edentulousness. For many years, complete dentures have been a convenient solution for the treatment of complete edentulousness. Today, for patients for whom complete dentures are not an option, we can offer overdenture supported by implants as an alternative solution. For the lower jaw, due to the patients’ frequent dissatisfaction with complete dentures, an implant-supported denture is proposed as the therapy of choice. Short implants have appeared on the market as an alternative option to reduce or eliminate the need for vertical augmentation procedures, which are often associated with additional cost, longer therapy, and a higher risk of developing complications. Narrow-diameter implants have an advantage over standard ones in situations of reduced mesiodistal space and reduced alveolar ridge width. This could help elderly patients and medically compromised patients as it would involve a less invasive surgical procedure. The advantages of therapy of complete edentulousness with implant-supported dentures are increased retention and stability of mobile prostheses, improvement of masticatory and phonetic function, improvement of patient comfort and satisfaction with the same, which results in increased quality of life

Održavanje sadržaja knjige kroz prikladan dizajn omota

Rad će proučavati čimbenike pomoću kojih dizajn omota knjige ispunjava funkcionalnu i estetski zadovoljavajuću cjelinu. Pružit će se uvid u povijesnu pozadinu omota knjige kako bi se vidila njegova evolucija kroz mnoge oblike i trendove dok nije postao onakvim kakvog ga znamo danas. Nadalje, analizirat će se fotografija, ilustracija, tipografija i boja, koji čine vizualne elemente korištene pri izradi kompozicije omota. Zatim će se uočiti razlikovanje tih elemenata kroz pojedine žanrove knjiga gledajući zajedničke karakteristike priloženih primjera za svaki žanr. Cilj ovog istraživanja je uočiti ono što stoji iza uspješnog dizajna omota koji na učinkovit način reflektira sadržaj knjige, a u isto vrijeme privlači pažnju i budi interes potencijalnog čitatelja. Rad će također prikazati praktičnu primjenu kroz redizajn omota odabrane knjige. Očekivani rezultat će biti postignuto razumijevanje o dizajnu omota knjige kroz analizu svih relevantnih komponenti, te uspješna primjena naučenog

Comparison of implant survival under an overdenture with respect to their number and dimensions

Pokrovna proteza na implantatima mobilna je proteza retinirana razliˇcitim brojem i dimenzijama implantata. Pokrovne proteze retinirane implantatima mobilni su protetski nadomjesci koji se retencijskim elementima sidre na implantatima. One predstavljaju jednu od terapijskih opcija potpune bezubosti. Niz godina potpune proteze predstavljaju konvencionalno rjeˇsenje za terapiju potpune bezubosti. Dijelu pacijenata kojima potpune proteze ne predstavljaju zadovoljavaju´ce rjeˇsenje danas moˇzemo ponuditi alternativu: pokrovne proteze poduprte implantatima. Za donju ˇceljust se, zbog ˇcestog nezadovoljstva pacijenata potpunim protezama, pokrovna proteza poduprta implantatima predlaˇze kao terapija izbora. Kratki implantati pojavili su se na trˇziˇstu kao alternativna opcija kojom bi se smanjila ili eliminirala potreba za vertikalnim augmentacijskim postupcima, koje su ˇcesto povezane s dodatnim troˇskom, duˇzim vremenom terapije i ve´cim rizikom za razvoj komplikacija. Uski implantati imaju prednost naspram standardnih u situacijama smanjenog meziodistalnog prostora i reducirane ˇsirine alveolarnog grebena. To bi moglo pomo´ci starijim pacijentima i medicinski kompromitiranim pacijentima jer bi ukljuˇcivalo manje invazivan kirurˇski postupak. Prednosti terapije potpune bezubosti pokrovnim protezama poduprtim implantatima pove´cana je retencija i stabilnost mobilnih proteza, poboljˇsanje ˇzvaˇcne i fonetske funkcije, poboljˇsanje udobnosti i zadovoljstva pacijenta istim ˇsto rezultira i pove´canom kvalitetom ˇzivota.Overdenture on implants is a mobile prosthesis retained with different number of implants of various dimensions. Implant-retained overdenture is a mobile prosthetic replacement anchored to the implants by retention elements. It represents one of the treatment options for complete edentulousness. For many years, complete dentures have been a convenient solution for the treatment of complete edentulousness. Today, for patients for whom complete dentures are not an option, we can offer overdenture supported by implants as an alternative solution. For the lower jaw, due to the patients’ frequent dissatisfaction with complete dentures, an implant-supported denture is proposed as the therapy of choice. Short implants have appeared on the market as an alternative option to reduce or eliminate the need for vertical augmentation procedures, which are often associated with additional cost, longer therapy, and a higher risk of developing complications. Narrow-diameter implants have an advantage over standard ones in situations of reduced mesiodistal space and reduced alveolar ridge width. This could help elderly patients and medically compromised patients as it would involve a less invasive surgical procedure. The advantages of therapy of complete edentulousness with implant-supported dentures are increased retention and stability of mobile prostheses, improvement of masticatory and phonetic function, improvement of patient comfort and satisfaction with the same, which results in increased quality of life

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