Loss of The RNA Helicase SKIV2L2 Impairs Mitotic Progression and Replication-Dependent Histone mRNA Turnover in Murine Cell Lines

RNA surveillance via the nuclear exosome requires cofactors such as the helicase SKIV2L2 to process and degrade certain noncoding RNAs. This research aimed to characterize the phenotype associated with RNAi knockdown of Skiv2l2 in two murine cancer cell lines: Neuro2A and P19. SKIV2L2 depletion in Neuro2A and P19 cells induced changes in gene expression indicative of cell differentiation and reduced cellular proliferation by 30%. Propidium iodide-based cell-cycle analysis of Skiv2l2 knockdown cells revealed defective progression through the G2/M phase and an accumulation of mitotic cells, suggesting SKIV2L2 contributes to mitotic progression. Since SKIV2L2 targets RNAs to the nuclear exosome for processing and degradation, we identified RNA targets elevated in cells depleted of SKIV2L2 that could account for the observed twofold increase in mitotic cells. Skiv2l2knockdown cells accumulated replication-dependent histone mRNAs, among other RNAs, that could impede mitotic progression and indirectly trigger differentiation

MASH1 activates expression of the paired homeodomain transcription factor Phox2a, and couples pan-neuronal and subtype-specific components of autonomic neuronal identity

We have investigated the genetic circuitry underlying the determination of neuronal identity, using mammalian peripheral autonomic neurons as a model system. Previously, we showed that treatment of neural crest stem cells (NCSCs) with bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) leads to an induction of MASH1 expression and consequent autonomic neuronal differentiation. We now show that BMP2 also induces expression of the paired homeodomain transcription factor Phox2a, and the GDNF/NTN signalling receptor tyrosine kinase c-RET. Constitutive expression of MASH1 in NCSCs from a retroviral vector, in the absence of exogenous BMP2, induces expression of both Phox2a and c-RET in a large fraction of infected colonies, and also promotes morphological neuronal differentiation and expression of pan-neuronal markers. In vivo, expression of Phox2a in autonomic ganglia is strongly reduced in Mash1 -/- embryos. These loss- and gain-of-function data suggest that MASH1 positively regulates expression of Phox2a, either directly or indirectly. Constitutive expression of Phox2a, by contrast to MASH1, fails to induce expression of neuronal markers or a neuronal morphology, but does induce expression of c-RET. These data suggest that MASH1 couples expression of pan-neuronal and subtype-specific components of autonomic neuronal identity, and support the general idea that identity is established by combining subprograms involving cascades of transcription factors, which specify distinct components of neuronal phenotype

Characteristics of Trips and Travellers in Private and Public Transportation in the Danish Travel Survey data

This paper is motivated by a growing interest in providing greater insight into the travel habits of Danish travellers. The analysis is conducted on the data collected in the Danish Travel Survey (in Danish: Transportvaneundersøgelsen, TU) from 2006 to 2009. The investigation of these data enables pointing out which travellers’ and trips’ characteristics to pay special attention to when examining the choice between private and public transportation. This is important for the future estimation of mode choice and public route choice models, but also for the general knowledge about which issues should be taken into account when trying to improve the conditions for public transport users and which initiatives could convince more people to travel by public transport. The analyses show that income is very important for the choice between public and private transportation since income also reflects gender, place of resident, etc

Topology of combinatorial differential manifolds

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Mathematics, 1994.Includes bibliographical references (p. 41-42).by Laura Anderson.Ph.D

Effects of Dynamic and Static Hip Rehabilitation on Stability and Functional Screening in Dancers

Context: Anterior knee pain (AKP) is a symptom of poor biomechanics and strength deficits. Common hip rehabilitation programs perform only static, but dynamic exercises are more functional based. Objective: The purpose of the study was to determine if static or dynamic hip exercise increased knee stability and functional mobility while decreasing AKP in dancers. Design: Randomized factorial design. Setting: Controlled laboratory setting. Subjects: Twelve college-aged dancers (21.75±1.06yrs) voluntarily participated. Six of the 12 subjects perceived to have AKP. Interventions: Subjects reported to the laboratory twice (pre- and post-hip rehabilitation exercises) to measure their hip stability and functionality. An 8-week of static or dynamic hip rehabilitation exercises was randomly assigned in each subject. Measurements: Stability of the knee/hip was measured through the Y-Balance System and the BESS tests. Functional mobility was measured by the single and double leg squat analysis. A visual analogue scale was conducted to show perceived knee pain. Results: Improvements were observed from pretest to posttest for the Y-Balance System in anterior (F1,8=10.23, P=0.012), posteromedial (F1,8=5.51, P=0.047), and posterolateral (F1,8=16.33, P=0.004) directions, knee valgus/varus (F1,8 =6.14, P=0.02) for the single leg squat, and overall scores (F1.8=15.75, P=0.004) for the double leg squat. Interactions were found between pain x treatment (F1,8=6.37, P=0.036) and pain x testing (F1,8= 121.94, P\u3c0.001). Conclusions: Performing hip rehabilitation exercises seemed to improve knee and hip stability and functional mobility. It was not determined if static or dynamic exercises had a higher increase than the other. Dynamic hip exercises decreased AKP more compared to static

The Lived Experiences of Elementary School Teachers Who Embedded Behavioral Support in Academic Instruction: A Hermeneutic Phenomenology

The purpose of this hermeneutical phenomenological study was to explore the lived experiences of educators who embed behavioral learning support into their academic curriculum and describe the meaning of the perceived influence on academic achievement and social development for elementary students in two elementary schools. What are the lived experiences of educators who embed behavioral support as a form of social-emotional learning (SEL) into their academic curriculum? Social constructivism was the interpretive framework used to guide this study, supported by Gagne’s and Vygotsky’s learning theories. Ten elementary school teacher participants in a metropolitan Atlanta area school district were selected using purposive maximal variation sampling based on the established implementation of evidence-based school culture programs. Imaginative variation was used to describe participants’ lived experiences. Data analysis included horizonalization and triangulation of data, note taking, code identification, reduction of codes to themes for theme identification, frequency counts, creation of point of view, memoing, and data clusters. The triangulation of data required three different data sources. Interviews, journal prompts, and questionnaires were used to collect data to describe the essence of the participants\u27 lived experiences. This study explored the influence of embedded behavioral support on academic performance and social development. Thematic analysis identified the reoccurrence of three themes: challenges, classroom management, and instruction, along with seven subthemes: time, behavior, relationships, expectations, academic, embedded, and student response. The lived experiences explored support the positive influence of SEL on academic achievement

Smartphone-baseret dataindsamling i Transportvaneundersøgelsen - Resultater og erfaringer fra pilotprojekt: Udvidet resumé

Det ønskes fortsat at undersøge mulighederne for fremadrettet at tilbyde smartphone-baseret dataindsamling i forbindelse med den nationale Transportvaneundersøgelse (TU). Center for Transport Analytics (CTA) på DTU har gennem en årrække samlet information og erfaring samt testet forskellige smartphone-baserede løsninger, og flere af disse projekter er tidligere præsenteret ved Aalborg Trafikdage.I slutningen af 2021 blev der efter en udbudsproces skrevet kontrakt med amerikanske Mobile Market Monitor om udvikling af en smartphone-applikation baseret på deres eksisterende, velfungerende app (se bl.a. Nahmias-Biran et al. 2018), som bliver customiseret til at ligne Transportvaneundersøgelsen på spørgeskemasiden. Der planlægges en large scale test af app’en i forsommeren 2022, og resultaterne fra denne undersøgelse, samt erfaringer og udfordringer med udbud, udvikling, GDPR mm. vil blive præsenteret på konferencen.Der har været en lang række udfordringer i forbindelse med udbuddet og tildelingen og delingen af disse erfaringer kan med fordel bruges til inspiration for andre, der ønsker at arbejde med smartphone-baseret dataindsamling af transportdata

Studies in hydrogel microfluidics and development of low cost imaging for quantitative TLC in the undergraduate teaching laboratory

Microfluidics is the micrometer-scale manipulation of small volumes of fluids, which allows the miniaturization of benchtop biological and chemical assays. Small volume analyses provide analytical and practical advantages like high precision, temporal resolution, throughput, speed, portability, and low cost and reagent consumption. Microfluidics is particularly suited to studying microscale problems, and so has been used to model biological systems like the microvasculature. Such biomimics have been produced in many ways, including 3-D printing and self-organization through various extracellular matrices. An attempt at templating a perfusable microvessel mimic through hydrogel in a microfluidic device is described in chapter 2.Thin-layer chromatography (TLC) is a simple microfluidic separation technique offering much lower cost, time requirement, and reagent consumption than other separation methods. These attributes make TLC attractive for use in point-of-care, preparatory, and pedagogical applications, and it is often used qualitatively in these ways. TLC can be quantitative as well, but generally requires expensive imaging instrumentation that can be cost-prohibitive. A simple and inexpensive quantitative TLC imaging experiment for the determination of counterfeit drugs was developed for undergraduates, and is described here in chapter 3. This imaging method was expanded for the quantitation of amino acids utilizing a cellphone camera as described in chapter 4, and future directions for the method are discussed in chapter 5

Fighting for What is Right: A Rhetorical Analysis of the Fan Campaign to Save \u3cem\u3eAnne with an E\u3c/em\u3e from Cancellation

The Anne with an E fan campaign highlighted storylines of social issues that fans felt were important for society. Of particular interest to the fan community was a storyline from the series in which Anne and her friends organized a protest following incidents of sexual assault and censorship aimed at silencing girls from speaking out on gendered issues. This storyline was heavily referenced in the billboards that the fan-based campaign displayed in Toronto and New York City (Anne Nation, 2020). In this analysis, I used fantasy theme analysis (Bormann, 1972) and metaphorical criticism (Osborn, 2018) to conduct a visual and textual rhetorical analysis of billboard advertisements from the campaign in conversation with the television episodes that the billboards referenced. The billboards were found to contain visual rhetoric and metaphors that represented Anne’s feminist values as a rationale for the fan-based community’s own rhetorical vision, which emphasized fighting for what is right and making their voices heard. I conclude with implications, limitations, and future directions for research of fan-based campaigns as part of social movements