Gateway-pathway heritage and urban growth Zagreb case study

This paper is a part of on-going research into the typological definition of 'urban gateway-pathways'. This term refers to routes used to connect peripheral settlements to the urban core of contemporary cities. The typology was developed with reference to a sample of 18 Central European cities that were formerly provincial capital cities of the Austro-Hungarian monarchy. This paper provides the first authoritative syntactical description of the city of Zagreb and reports on initial syntactical analysis of its historic pathway typology using the transect method established by Hi II ier (1999). The results from the transect analysis are then used to provide more refined typological descriptions of the gateway-pathways and their historical transformations, and to frame a future phase of research using segment analysis

Resting cells rely on the DNA helicase component MCM2 to build cilia

Minichromosome maintenance (MCM) proteins facilitate replication by licensing origins and unwinding the DNA double strand. Interestingly, the number of MCM hexamers greatly exceeds the number of firing origins suggesting additional roles of MCMs. Here we show a hitherto unanticipated function of MCM2 in cilia formation in human cells and zebrafish that is uncoupled from replication. Zebrafish depleted of MCM2 develop ciliopathy-phenotypes including microcephaly and aberrant heart looping due to malformed cilia. In non-cycling human fibroblasts, loss of MCM2 promotes transcription of a subset of genes, which cause cilia shortening and centriole overduplication. Chromatin immunoprecipitation experiments show that MCM2 binds to transcription start sites of cilia inhibiting genes. We propose that such binding may block RNA polymerase II-mediated transcription. Depletion of a second MCM (MCM7), which functions in complex with MCM2 during its canonical functions, reveals an overlapping cilia-deficiency phenotype likely unconnected to replication, although MCM7 appears to regulate a distinct subset of genes and pathways. Our data suggests that MCM2 and 7 exert a role in ciliogenesis in post-mitotic tissues

Language continuity despite population replacement in Remote Oceania

Recent genomic analyses show that the earliest peoples reaching Remote Oceania—associated with Austronesian-speaking Lapita culture—were almost completely East Asian, without detectable Papuan ancestry. However, Papuan-related genetic ancestry is found across present-day Pacific populations, indicating that peoples from Near Oceania have played a significant, but largely unknown, ancestral role. Here, new genome-wide data from 19 ancient South Pacific individuals provide direct evidence of a so-far undescribed Papuan expansion into Remote Oceania starting ~2,500 yr BP, far earlier than previously estimated and supporting a model from historical linguistics. New genome-wide data from 27 contemporary ni-Vanuatu demonstrate a subsequent and almost complete replacement of Lapita-Austronesian by Near Oceanian ancestry. Despite this massive demographic change, incoming Papuan languages did not replace Austronesian languages. Population replacement with language continuity is extremely rare—if not unprecedented—in human history. Our analyses show that rather than one large-scale event, the process was incremental and complex, with repeated migrations and sex-biased admixture with peoples from the Bismarck Archipelago

Mapping Policies and Practices for the Preparation of Teachers for Inclusive Education in Contexts of Social and Cultural Diversity. Montenegro Country Report

This report is one of seven being prepared in the context of a regional study entitled Mapping Policies and Practices for the Preparation of Teachers for Inclusive Education in Contexts of Social and Cultural Diversity, which was commissioned by the European Training Foundation (ETF) and is being conducted by SCIENTER and the Centre for Education Policy. It focuses on policies and practices for the preparation of teachers for inclusive education in Montenegro, with particular focus on pre-service education and in-service professional development. This is a qualitative study exploring the perceptions of the relevant actors through document analysis, interviews and focus groups, and, to a lesser extent, qualitative information collected in an online survey. (DIPF/author

Pierres dressées et tiki de Polynésie orientale

International audienc

Dynamiques de peuplement et transformations sociopolitiques à Tahiti, îles de la Société

Ce sujet de recherches a pour objectif d'analyser l'occupation de l'espace et l'organisation sociopolitique de l'île de Tahiti selon une perspective chronologique. Il s'agit de tenter d'identifier les transformations sociales qui ont eu lieu notamment à la fin de la période préhistorique , à travers des indicateurs archéologiques (les changements de l'habitat à travers le temps, et l'histoire traditionnelle), et en les inscrivant autant que possible dans une démarche chronologique. Au sein de l'île, la hiérarchie sociopolitique de l'ancienne société tahitienne, telle qu'elle apparaît à travers l'analyse de l'occupation de l'espace, semble avoir eu des degrés divers selon les chefferies. Ces situations en apparence contrastées sont confrontées à la fois aux contraintes environnementales (situations géographiques des territoires différentes en termes de topographie), et aux trajectoires historiques des lignées ari 'i qui ont gouverné ces va 'a mata 'eina 'a, populations au sein de chaque chefferie. La reconstitution de l'occupation de l'espace est réalisée en croisant les données archéologiques avec celles de l'ethnohistoire et afin d'attribuer les habitats et leurs sites cérémoniels aux principaux groupes sociaux tahitiens (ari 'i, ra 'atira, manahune). Je m'appuie pour cela sur des données issues des inventaires des monuments de surface réalisés par différents auteurs dans les principales vallées de l'île, et sur mes données de terrain. Ces dernières portent essentiellement sur la zone Sud-Ouest de l'île (Papara, Mataiea, Papeari), correspondant au territoire de l'ancienne prestigieuse chefferie des Teva i Uta, dont les descendants ari 'i ont livré d'importants témoignages ethnohistoriques.PARIS1-BU Pierre Mendès-France (751132102) / SudocSudocFranceF

Marae polynésiens (Les)

Les marae polynésiens sont d’anciens sites cérémoniels dont l’architecture a très tôt attiré l’attention des Occidentaux puis des archéologues. Malgré une origine commune, ces monuments présentent une grande variabilité entre les archipels du triangle polynésien qui témoignent de trajectoires historiques diverses. Outre leur fonction rituelle, les marae étaient aussi des lieux où s’ancrait l’identité du groupe (familial, social) et de la chefferie dans son ensemble. La majorité des monuments fut détruite au moment de l’implantation missionnaire et de l’administration coloniale, mais certains ont fait l’objet, au cours des dernières décennies, de restauration et de réappropriation, démontrant ainsi que le marae continue d’être un symbole identitaire fort pour les communautés polynésiennes.The Polynesian marae are ancient ceremonial sites whose architecture fascinated early westerners and later archaeologists. Despite their common origin, the monuments display a large variability among the archipelagos of the Polynesian Triangle, which attest to various historical trajectories. Aside from their ritual function, the marae also materialised the identity of the group (either familial or social) and the chiefdom as a whole. Most of the monuments were destroyed following the installation of the missionaries and the colonial administration. However, over the past few decades, some sites were restored and reclaimed by the Polynesian communities, thus demonstrating their value as symbols of identity

Sustainable planning in protected natural areas - case study of Vlasina Lake

The concept of sustainability comprises different aspects of human activities, including the environment, economy and social sphere, thus creating the frame for urban and spatial planning in theory and practice (Mitrovic, 2017). Haughton (1996) draws attention to its most important features that are the foundation for the long term development, such as natural conservation, efficient economy, civil society and social progress. As the main pillar of the sustainability, the ecological aspect remains one of the dominant concerns of the territory development and planning over decades. The equal attention is being drawn to the urban areas as well as the protected natural areas. Many conflict zones and interests overlapping in such areas are also an exhaustless source of inspiration and ideas. This was the starting point for the creation of a case study of Vlasina Lake in Serbia as a task for the students of Master course at the Faculty of Architecture, University of Belgrade. Vlasina Lake district has significant natural values, quality landscape and water resources as well as settlements and tourism capacities, which together create many developmental problems. As a territory with numerous conflicted situations, it has been treated through several spatial and local urban plans. The paper presents the educational process during three subjects focused on the sustainable planning and design in natural environment. The pedagogical methodology was implemented in the three main teaching units: planning studio, which involves learning-by-doing process and is project-based; workshop, which includes site investigation, and seminar, which provides theoretical foundation related to the sustainable development and planning. The educational corpus is designed so that all parts should be complementary in terms of the methodology and form of teaching and learning. In this paper, the outcomes of studio, seminar and workshop are presented as an example of well-designed assignment for the master course level in domain of urban planning that gives realistic planning solutions and encourage teamwork, as well as the cooperation with the local community