The Extrusion Process as an Alternative for Improving the Biological Potential of Sorghum Bran: Phenolic Compounds and Antiradical and Anti-Inflammatory Capacity

Approximately 80% of sorghum phenolic compounds are linked to arabinoxylans by ester bonds, which are capable of resisting the digestion process in the upper gastrointestinal tract, compromising their bioaccessibility and biological potential. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of the extrusion process on the content of phenolic compounds in sorghum bran and its impact on phenolic compounds and antiradical and anti-inflammatory capacity. Results revealed that the extrusion process increased total phenol content in sorghum bran compared to nonextruded sorghum, particularly for extrusion at 180°C with 20% moisture content (2.0222±0.0157 versus 3.0729±0.0187 mg GAE/g +52%), which positively affected antiradical capacity measured by the DPPH and TEAC assays. The percentage of inhibition of nitric oxide (NO) production by RAW cells due to the presence of extruded sorghum bran extract was significantly higher than that of nonextruded sorghum bran extract (90.2±1.9% versus 76.2±1.3%). The results suggest that extruded sorghum bran could be used as a functional ingredient and provide advantages to consumers by reducing diseases related to oxidative stress and inflammation

INTERACCIÓN DE COMPUESTOS FENÓLICOS Y FIBRA DIETARIA: CAPACIDAD ANTIOXIDANTE Y BIODISPONIBILIDAD

En los últimos años, la relación entre el consumo de frutas y la salud humana ha sido el punto focal de la investigación científica. Este interés se debe a la búsqueda específica de los compuestos contenidos en vegetales que proporcionan beneficios a la salud del consumidor (Palafox-Carlos et al., 2011). Las frutas, además de ser fuente de vitaminas, minerales y fibra, también son fuente rica en compuestos bioactivos conocidos como fitoquímicos. Los compuestos fenólicos (CF) son sustancias fitoquímicas que estando en bajas concentraciones en los alimentos, pueden prevenir algunos de los procesos implicados en el desarrollo de cáncer y enfermedades cardiovasculares (Denny y Buttriss, 2007). Sin embargo, la evidencia de su papel en la prevención de otras enfermedades degenerativas requiere de un mayor soporte científico

Entre Dos Tierras: Ecuador Frente A La Inmigración Venezolana

Desde principios del 2013, Venezuela ha atravesado una profunda crisis de contexto social, político y económico; crisis que ha provocado la emigración de miles de ciudadanos venezolanos a distintas naciones. Bajo este contexto Ecuador se ha convertido desde el año 2014 en una de las principales opciones de establecimiento para inmigrantes oriundos de Venezuela. El producto comunicativo pretende analizar de qué manera se han transformado los contextos sociales, políticos y económicos del Ecuador a partir de la migración masiva venezolana. De la misma forma, busca resaltar y profundizar el factor laboral de los ecuatorianos y venezolanos, el educativo y de salud; así como contrastar las perspectivas desde la población ecuatoriana y venezolana frente a los contextos mencionados, desde la profundización de campo en la ciudad de mayor influencia de inmigrantes venezolanos: Guayaquil.Since the beginning of 2013, Venezuela has gone through a deep crisis in the social, political and economic context; crisis that has caused the emigration of thousands of venezuelan citizens to different nations. Under this context, Ecuador has become, since 2014, one of the main settlement options for immigrants from Venezuela. The communicative product aims to analyze how the social, political and economic contexts of Ecuador have been transformed as a result of the massive venezuelan migration. In the same way, it seeks to highlight and deepen the labor factor of ecuadorians and venezuelans, education and health; as well as contrasting the perspectives from the ecuadorian and venezuelan population against the aforementioned contexts, from the deepening of the field in the city with the greatest influence of venezuelan immigrants: Guayaqui

Efectos asociados con la desvalorización de la mujer en una parroquia rural de la provincia de Loja

The devaluation of women has become a problem that has been manifested and evidenced by various events that reflect contempt, constant questioning and the violation of the rights of the female gender in various scenarios. In Ecuador, at the rural level, gender violence has affected approximately 62% of women. This article was proposed with the objective of analyzing the effects associated with said devaluation on the political, social and economic dimensions. At a methodological level, a scientific and synthetic method was applied, a qualitative approach, and 72 women were taken as the population to whom interviews and focus groups were applied. The results of the interviews reflected that unanimously in the San Lucas community there is inequality in relation to men, a product of a sexist environment, this despite the economic and social continuation that women carry out at the local, national and international level in the economic context. From the focus group, it was identified that women perform traditional roles mainly associated with household chores and family care; occasionally these roles were combined with agricultural work that they performed without receiving remuneration. It was concluded that devaluation has not only had an impact on the limited participation of women at an economic, social and political level, so the lack of presence in this last aspect also has an impact on the lack of actions to counteract the problem of their devaluation.La desvalorización de la mujer se ha constituido en una problemática que se ha manifestado y evidenciado a partir de diversos hechos en los que se refleja el menosprecio, el cuestionamiento constante y el atropello de los derechos del género femenino en diversos escenarios. En el Ecuador, a nivel rural la violencia de género ha afectado a aproximadamente el 62% de mujeres. El presente artículo se planteó con el objetivo de analizar los efectos asociados a dicha desvalorización sobre las dimensión política, social y económica. A nivel metodológico se aplicó un método científico y sintético, enfoque cualitativo, y se tomó como población a 72 mujeres a las que se les aplicó entrevistas y grupo focales. Los resultados de las entrevistas reflejaron que de manera unánime en la comunidad San Lucas existe inequidad con relación a los hombres, producto de un entorno machista, esto pese a la continuación económica y social que realizan las mujeres a nivel local, nacional e internacionalmente en el contexto económico. Del grupo focal se identificó que las mujeres desempeñan roles tradicionales principalmente asociados con las tareas del hogar y el cuidado de la familia, ocasionalmente dichas funciones se combinaron con el trabajo agrícola que realizaron sin recibir remuneración. Se concluyó que la desvalorización no solo ha repercutido en la limitada participación de la mujer a nivel económico, social y político, por lo que la falta de presencia en este último aspecto también repercute en la falta de acciones para contrarrestar la problemática de su desvalorización

Technologies applied to sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench): changes in phenolic compounds and antioxidant capacity

Abstract The search for foods with biological potential for the prevention of chronic diseases has highlighted sorghum, and numerous studies have been conducted to determine the best processing conditions without compromising the nutritional, functional or sensory qualities. We conducted a review of the scientific literature on the techniques used in sorghum and their effects on phenolic compounds and antioxidant capacity. This review allowed us to conclude that the type and content of phenolic compounds in the different varieties of sorghum must be considered for the selection of adequate technologies that allow the retention of phenolic compounds with improved bioaccessibility and biological potential. The available information has been mostly focused on the content of total phenols and the antioxidant activity of sorghum, while the digestibility, absorption, utilization and excretion of phenolic compounds have been poorly studied. In this regard, there is a clear need for further studies on sorghum with the aim of including sorghum as part of a healthy diet

Consumption of sprouts and perceptions of their health properties in a region of northwestern Mexico

This article belongs to the Special Issue Trends in Grain-Based Foods.There is a lack of information about consumer understanding of functional foods. Sprouts provide beneficial compounds that can help counteract chronic noncommunicable diseases. The population of a region in Northwestern Mexico has a high prevalence of chronic degenerative disease, and there is a need to promote strategies to increase the consumption of foods that provide health benefits, including sprouts. However, there is a lack of information regarding the sale, consumption and perception of sprouts’ healthy properties. A computer-assisted web-based survey (CAWI) was developed and distributed through social media to understand consumer knowledge of these foods’ health effects and their consumption. The survey of people with diverse sociodemographic profiles indicated a 1–3 times per week consumption and they knew the health benefits of consuming sprouts. A total of 82% of respondents were conscious that sprout consumption could prevent chronic diseases, which may be related to education level (χ2: 0.001, p < 0.05). In order to expand on our findings, it is important to investigate the communication strategies used by sprout manufacturers, dieticians, nutritionists and health professionals about the health benefits of sprout products to promote their consumption.The costs of the open access publication were covered by publications funds from the Universidad de Sonora, Mexico.Peer reviewe